PySide（PyQT）重新定义contextMenuEvent()实现鼠标右键弹出菜单

        在 PySide中，contextMenuEvent() 是 QWidget 类（以及继承自它的所有子类）的一个事件处理方法，主要用于处理上下文菜单事件，也就是当用户在控件上右键点击时触发的事件。

• 通过重新定义contextMenuEvent()来实现自定义的鼠标右键菜单

from PySide6.QtGui import QAction
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QMenu
from PySide6.QtCore import Qtclass MyWidget(QWidget):def __init__(self):super().__init__()# 创建一个菜单self.menu = QMenu(self)# 创建菜单项action1 = QAction("菜单项1", self)action2 = QAction("菜单项2", self)# 将菜单项添加到菜单中self.menu.addAction(action1)self.menu.addAction(action2)# 连接信号和槽，定义点击菜单项后的行为action1.triggered.connect(self.on_action1_triggered)action2.triggered.connect(self.on_action2_triggered)def contextMenuEvent(self, event):# 在鼠标点击的位置显示菜单self.menu.exec(event.globalPos())def on_action1_triggered(self):print("菜单项1被触发")def on_action2_triggered(self):print("菜单项2被触发")# 应用程序执行部分
if __name__ == "__main__":app = QApplication([])widget = MyWidget()widget.show()app.exec()

 • 将其定义在子部件内：

from PySide6.QtGui import QAction
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QMenu, QPushButtonclass MyWidget(QWidget):def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.setupUi()def setupUi(self):self.button = MyButton(self)class MyButton(QPushButton):def __init__(self, parent=None):super().__init__(parent)self.setText("右键点击我")# 创建一个菜单self.menu = QMenu(self)# 创建菜单项action1 = QAction("菜单项1", self)action2 = QAction("菜单项2", self)# 将菜单项添加到菜单中self.menu.addAction(action1)self.menu.addAction(action2)# 连接信号和槽，定义点击菜单项后的行为action1.triggered.connect(self.on_action1_triggered)action2.triggered.connect(self.on_action2_triggered)def contextMenuEvent(self, event):# 在鼠标点击的位置显示菜单self.menu.exec(event.globalPos())def on_action1_triggered(self):print("菜单项1被触发")def on_action2_triggered(self):print("菜单项2被触发")# 应用程序执行部分
if __name__ == "__main__":app = QApplication([])widget = MyWidget()widget.show()app.exec()

上述代码，只有在按钮上有鼠标右键菜单。 

• 获取系统默认的右键菜单并添加新的菜单项 

import sys
from PySide6.QtGui import QAction
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLineEdit, QMenuclass MyLineEdit(QLineEdit):def __init__(self, parent=None):super().__init__(parent)self.setText("右键点击我")self.menu = QMenu(self)   # 创建一个菜单self.addMenus()         # 添加菜单的菜单项def addMenus(self):# 获取系统默认的上下文菜单动作default_actions = self.createStandardContextMenu().actions()# 将默认动作添加到新菜单中for action in default_actions:print(action.text())self.menu.addAction(action)# 将新的菜单项添加到新菜单中self.action1 = QAction("菜单项1", self)self.action2 = QAction("菜单项2", self)self.menu.addSeparator()  # 创建分割线# 添加自定义菜单项self.menu.addAction(self.action1)self.menu.addAction(self.action2)# 连接信号和槽函数self.action1.triggered.connect(self.on_action1_triggered)self.action2.triggered.connect(self.on_action2_triggered)# 重写上下文菜单事件def contextMenuEvent(self, event):# 显示菜单self.menu.exec(event.globalPos())def on_action1_triggered(self):print("菜单项1被点击")def on_action2_triggered(self):print("菜单项2被点击")if __name__ == "__main__":app = QApplication(sys.argv)line_edit = MyLineEdit()line_edit.show()sys.exit(app.exec())

        上面的代码，读取了系统内置的默认右键菜单，并增加了两个自定义的菜单项，构成了一个新的菜单。重写了contextMenuEvent()，使其显示新的菜单。

 • 为新菜单设置快捷方式

import sys
from PySide6.QtGui import QAction
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLineEdit, QMenuclass MyLineEdit(QLineEdit):def __init__(self, parent=None):super().__init__(parent)self.setText("右键点击我")self.menu = QMenu(self)   # 创建一个菜单self.addMenus()         # 添加菜单的菜单项def addMenus(self):# 获取系统默认的上下文菜单动作default_actions = self.createStandardContextMenu().actions()# 将默认动作添加到新菜单中for action in default_actions:self.menu.addAction(action)# 将新的菜单项添加到新菜单中self.action1 = QAction("菜单项1", self)   # 创建菜单项self.action1.setShortcut("Ctrl+B")       # 设置快捷键self.action2 = QAction("菜单项2", self)self.menu.addSeparator()  # 创建分割线# 添加自定义菜单项self.addAction(self.action1)             # 将菜单项添加到部件的主体中，用以生效快捷方式self.menu.addAction(self.action1)  # 将菜单项添加到菜单中self.menu.addAction(self.action2)# 连接信号和槽函数self.action1.triggered.connect(self.on_action1_triggered)self.action2.triggered.connect(self.on_action2_triggered)# 重写上下文菜单事件def contextMenuEvent(self, event):# 显示菜单self.menu.exec(event.globalPos())def on_action1_triggered(self):print("菜单项1被点击")def on_action2_triggered(self):print("菜单项2被点击")if __name__ == "__main__":app = QApplication(sys.argv)line_edit = MyLineEdit()line_edit.show()sys.exit(app.exec())

    这里注意，只有执行了：self.addAction(self.action1)，将菜单项添加到部件的主体中，才能生效快捷方式。而self.menu.addAction(self.action1)只是将菜单项添加到菜单中，并未在部件中注册菜单项。

• 使用策略设置setContextMenuPolicy()的方法来定义菜单：

PyQT（PySide）的上下文菜单策略设置setContextMenuPolicy()-CSDN博客