一、MySQL8的my.ini文件

         MySQL8.0.11的安装版本my.ini配置文件默认存放在：C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/  目录下；而MySQL8.0.11绿色免安装版本是没有my.ini配置文件，用户可以自行构建后，再通过my.ini进行数据库的相关配置

 一、MySQL8.0.11默认的my.ini

# Other default tuning values
# MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generated by the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard
#
#
# Installation Instructions
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# On Linux you can copy this file to /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options
# (@localstatedir@ for this installation) or to
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# On Windows you should keep this file in the installation directory 
# of your server (e.g. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y). To
# make sure the server reads the config file use the startup option 
# "--defaults-file". 
#
# To run the server from the command line, execute this in a 
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# To install the server as a Windows service manually, execute this in a 
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --install MySQLXY --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# And then execute this in a command line shell to start the server, e.g.
# net start MySQLXY
#
#
# Guidelines for editing this file
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that the program supports.
# If you want to know the options a program supports, start the program
# with the "--help" option.
#
# More detailed information about the individual options can also be
# found in the manual.
#
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
#
#
# CLIENT SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
# Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
# to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
# honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
# MySQL client library initialization.
#
[client]# pipe=# socket=MYSQLport=3306[mysql]
no-beep# default-character-set=# SERVER SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
# you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this 
# file.
#
# server_type=3
[mysqld]# The next three options are mutually exclusive to SERVER_PORT below.
# skip-networking
# enable-named-pipe
# shared-memory# shared-memory-base-name=MYSQL# The Pipe the MySQL Server will use
# socket=mysql=MYSQL# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
port=3306# Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
# basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/"# Path to the database root
datadir=C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/Data# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
# created and no character set is defined
# character-set-server=# The default authentication plugin to be used when connecting to the server
default_authentication_plugin=caching_sha2_password# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
default-storage-engine=INNODB# Set the SQL mode to strict
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"# General and Slow logging.
log-output=FILE
general-log=0
general_log_file="IBM.log"
slow-query-log=1
slow_query_log_file="IBM-slow.log"
long_query_time=10# Binary Logging.
# log-bin# Error Logging.
log-error="IBM.err"# Server Id.
server-id=1# Secure File Priv.
secure-file-priv="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/Uploads"# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
# allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
# SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
# connection limit has been reached.
max_connections=151# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
# section [mysqld_safe]
table_open_cache=2000# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
# grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
# based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
# of them.
tmp_table_size=16M# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
# disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't
# more than thread_cache_size threads from before.  This greatly reduces
# the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new
# connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance
# improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)
thread_cache_size=10#*** MyISAM Specific options
# The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while
# recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE.
# If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created
# through the key cache (which is slower).
myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G# If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger
# than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the
# key cache method.  This is mainly used to force long character keys in
# large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.
myisam_sort_buffer_size=8M# Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
# Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
# is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using
# MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
# used for internal temporary disk tables.
key_buffer_size=8M# Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables.
# Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
read_buffer_size=0read_rnd_buffer_size=0#*** INNODB Specific options ***
# innodb_data_home_dir=# Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled
# but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space
# and speed up some things.
# skip-innodb# If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the
# disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are
# willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small
# transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the
# logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and
# the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2
# means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log
# file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second.
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1# The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as
# it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed
# once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large
# (even with long transactions).
innodb_log_buffer_size=1M# InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and
# row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to
# access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this
# parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it
# too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may
# cause paging in the operating system.  Note that on 32bit systems you
# might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not
# set it too high.
innodb_buffer_pool_size=8M# Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size
# of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid
# unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However,
# note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the
# recovery process.
innodb_log_file_size=48M# Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value
# depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS
# scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing.
innodb_thread_concurrency=17# The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full.
innodb_autoextend_increment=64# The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into.
# For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency,
# by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages.
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8# Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently.
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000# Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before
# it can be moved to the new sublist.
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000# It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10.
innodb_open_files=300# When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements.
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0# When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table
# in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace.
innodb_file_per_table=1# Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none.
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0# The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have.
# This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time.
# It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread.
# The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily
# stops answering new requests.
# You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time.
back_log=80# If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and
# synchronize unflushed data to disk.
# This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources.
flush_time=0# The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use
# indexes and thus perform full table scans.
join_buffer_size=256K# The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the
# mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function.
max_allowed_packet=4M# If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection,
# the server blocks that host from performing further connections.
max_connect_errors=100# Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld.
# You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error "Too many open files".
open_files_limit=4161# If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the
# sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization
# or improved indexing.
sort_buffer_size=256K# The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache.
# If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables.
# The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache.
# The minimum and default values are both 400.
table_definition_cache=1400# Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes.
# Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256.
binlog_row_event_max_size=8K# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its master.info file to disk.
# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events.
sync_master_info=10000# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk.
# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log.
sync_relay_log=10000# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk.
# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions.
sync_relay_log_info=10000# Load mysql plugins at start."plugin_x ; plugin_y".
# plugin_load# MySQL server's plugin configuration.
# loose_mysqlx_port=33060

二、MySQL8的my.ini配置文件详解

客户端部分[client]

        1.port=3306: 设置客户端连接到MySQL服务器时使用的端口号为3306。

        2. [mysql] no-beep: 当出现错误时，不发出蜂鸣声。

服务器部分 [mysqld]

（1）网络相关

•  port=3306: MySQL服务监听的TCP/IP端口为3306。
•  skip-networking, enable-named-pipe, 和 shared-memory选项是互斥的，用于控制如何进行通信（通过网络、命名管道或共享内存）。

（2）路径设置

• basedir和datadir分别指定了MySQL安装目录和数据存储目录。

字符集

• 可以character-set-server指定默认字符集。

安全与身份验证

• default_authentication_plugin=caching_sha2_password: 默认的身份验证插件设置为caching_sha2_password。

日志记录

• 配置了日志输出方式(log-output=FILE)、常规日志和慢查询日志的相关设置（是否启用、文件名、长查询时间阈值等）。
• 错误日志文件名为IBM.err。

性能调整

• max_connections=151: 最大并发连接数设置为151。
• table_open_cache=2000: 打开表缓存的数量。
• tmp_table_size=16M: 内部临时表的最大大小。
• thread_cache_size=10: 线程缓存大小，有助于减少创建新连接时的开销。

InnoDB特定配置
（1）事务日志刷新策略 (innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit):

• 设置为 1 时，每次事务提交都会将日志同步到磁盘，确保数据的完整性和一致性。

（2）日志缓冲区大小 (innodb_log_buffer_size):

• 当前设为 1M，这个缓冲区用于暂存准备写入日志文件的数据，适当增大可以减少I/O操作。

（3）InnoDB 缓冲池大小 (innodb_buffer_pool_size):

• 设置为 8M，这远低于推荐值，理想情况下应该设置为物理内存的50%-80%，以缓存表数据和索引，减少磁盘访问。

（4）日志文件大小 (innodb_log_file_size):

• 设为 48M，较大的日志文件可以减少检查点活动，但也会增加恢复时间。

（5）线程并发数 (innodb_thread_concurrency):

• 设置为 17，控制同时进入 InnoDB 内核的线程数量，需根据实际硬件和应用需求调整。

（6）缓冲池实例数 (innodb_buffer_pool_instances):

• 分割缓冲池为多个实例以提高并发性能，当前设置为 8 实例。

（7）独立表空间 (innodb_file_per_table):

• 开启此选项（值为 1），每个表的数据和索引存储在单独的 .ibd 文件中，便于管理和维护。

（8）其他重要配置:

• back_log: 允许未处理连接请求的最大数量，当前设置为 80。
• max_allowed_packet: 最大数据包大小，当前为 4M。
• open_files_limit: MySQL 可打开文件描述符的最大数量，设为 4161。
• 这些配置项对数据库性能、稳定性和数据安全性有直接影响。正确地调整这些参数可以根据具体的应用场景优化数据库的表现。例如，在高并发环境下可能需要增加 innodb_buffer_pool_size 和调整 innodb_thread_concurrency 的值来更好地利用服务器资源。