【C#】WinForm自定义控件及窗体

前言

WinForm（Windows Forms）是Microsoft.NET框架中的技术，用于开发Windows桌面应用程序。它提供了一套丰富的控件和组件。通过拖放控件、编写事件处理程序等方式快速构建用户界面。

通过属性窗口定制这些控件的外观和行为。
通过数据绑定，将UI控件与数据源连接，实现数据的展示和更新。
通过上面的方法可以帮助开发者高效地创建桌面窗体应用程序，尤其适合初学者和需要快速开发的项目。

本文介绍了如何创建Winform窗体，并自定义窗体样式和窗体的基本功能。

1、窗体关闭、最大化、最小化、适应。
2、无边框窗体移动、调整窗体大小。
3、菜单展开折叠。

界面预览

代码

自定义按钮

用户自定义按钮：        

SelectedState:用户点击后状态取反。
Radius：按钮圆角半径。
HoverColor：鼠标悬停时的背景色。

public class UCButton : Button
{#region  公共字段、属性private bool _selectedState = false;[Category("UserProperty")][Description("选中状态")]public bool SelectedState{get => _selectedState;private set{_selectedState = value;this.Invalidate();}}private int radius = 15;[Category("UserProperty")][Description("圆角半径")]public int Radius{get { return radius; }set{radius = value;this.Invalidate();}}private Color _defaultColor;private Color _hoverColor = Color.LightBlue;[Category("UserProperty")][Description("鼠标悬停时的背景色")]public Color HoverColor { get => _hoverColor; set => _hoverColor = value; }#endregionpublic UCButton(){Initialize();}private void Initialize(){this.DoubleBuffered = true;this.FlatStyle = FlatStyle.Flat;this.FlatAppearance.BorderSize = 0;this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.UserPaint| ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint| ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer| ControlStyles.ResizeRedraw| ControlStyles.SupportsTransparentBackColor, true);_defaultColor = BackColor;this.MouseEnter += UCButton_MouseEnter;this.MouseLeave += UCButton_MouseLeave;}private void UCButton_MouseEnter(object sender, EventArgs e){this.BackColor = HoverColor; // 鼠标进入时更改背景色}private void UCButton_MouseLeave(object sender, EventArgs e){this.BackColor = _defaultColor; // 鼠标离开时恢复默认背景色}protected override void OnClick(EventArgs e){base.OnClick(e);_selectedState = !_selectedState;}protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e){base.OnPaint(e);e.Graphics.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;                     // 设置抗锯齿e.Graphics.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality;         // 高质量合成e.Graphics.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;    // 高质量插值// 绘制圆角矩形using (GraphicsPath path = new GraphicsPath()){path.AddArc(0, 0, radius, radius, 180, 90);                         // 左上角path.AddArc(this.Width - radius, 0, radius, radius, 270, 90);       // 右上角path.AddArc(this.Width - radius, this.Height - radius, radius, radius, 0, 90);  // 右下角path.AddArc(0, this.Height - radius, radius, radius, 90, 90);                   // 左下角path.CloseFigure();this.Region = new Region(path); // 设置按钮的区域为圆角矩形}// 绘制按钮文本using (Brush brush = new SolidBrush(this.ForeColor)){SizeF textSize = e.Graphics.MeasureString(this.Text, this.Font);PointF textLocation = new PointF((this.Width - textSize.Width) / 2, (this.Height - textSize.Height) / 2);e.Graphics.DrawString(this.Text, this.Font, brush, textLocation);}}
}

窗体代码

1、窗体关闭、最大化、最小化、适应。
2、无边框窗体移动、调整窗体大小。
3、菜单展开折叠。

public partial class MainForm : Form
{private int ButtonWidth = 62;#region 窗体初始化、加载、关闭public MainForm(){InitializeComponent();this.CenterToParent();this.CenterToScreen();}private void MainForm_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e){WinMoveBinding(panel_TopBorderItem);WinMoveBinding(pic_WinIcon);this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;this.MinimumSize = new System.Drawing.Size(150, 150);panel_MenuItemText.Hide();ButtonWidth = btn_Expand.Width;}private void MainForm_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e){}#endregion/// <summary>/// 窗体移动功能事件绑定/// </summary>private void WinMoveBinding(Control control){control.MouseDown += topBorderPanel_MouseDown;control.MouseMove += topBorderPanel_MouseMove;control.MouseUp += topBorderPanel_MouseUp;}#region 窗体拖动private Point mouseOffset;private void topBorderPanel_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e){if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left){mouseOffset = new Point(-e.X, -e.Y);}}private void topBorderPanel_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e){if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left){Point mousePos = Control.MousePosition;mousePos.Offset(mouseOffset.X, mouseOffset.Y);this.Location = mousePos;}}private void topBorderPanel_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e){mouseOffset = Point.Empty;}#endregion#region 无边框窗体随意拖动和改变尺寸const int WM_NCHITTEST = 0x0084;const int HTLEFT = 10;const int HTRIGHT = 11;const int HTTOP = 12;const int HTTOPLEFT = 13;const int HTTOPRIGHT = 14;const int HTBOTTOM = 15;const int HTBOTTOMLEFT = 0x10;const int HTBOTTOMRIGHT = 17;protected override void WndProc(ref Message m){base.WndProc(ref m);switch (m.Msg){case WM_NCHITTEST:Point vPoint = new Point((int)m.LParam & 0xFFFF,(int)m.LParam >> 16 & 0xFFFF);vPoint = PointToClient(vPoint);if (vPoint.X <= 5)if (vPoint.Y <= 5)m.Result = (IntPtr)HTTOPLEFT;else if (vPoint.Y >= ClientSize.Height - 5)m.Result = (IntPtr)HTBOTTOMLEFT;else m.Result = (IntPtr)HTLEFT;else if (vPoint.X >= ClientSize.Width - 5)if (vPoint.Y <= 5)m.Result = (IntPtr)HTTOPRIGHT;else if (vPoint.Y >= ClientSize.Height - 5)m.Result = (IntPtr)HTBOTTOMRIGHT;else m.Result = (IntPtr)HTRIGHT;else if (vPoint.Y <= 5)m.Result = (IntPtr)HTTOP;else if (vPoint.Y >= ClientSize.Height - 5)m.Result = (IntPtr)HTBOTTOM;break;}}#endregion#region 窗体关闭、最大化、最小化private void btn_ClosingWindow_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e){if (MessageBox.Show("是否关闭窗体!", "关闭", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Warning) == DialogResult.OK){this.Close();}}private void btn_Maximize_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e){Button button = sender as Button;if (this.WindowState == FormWindowState.Maximized){this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;button.Image = global::ModbusDemo.Properties.Resources.maximize_blue_32;}else{this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized;button.Image = global::ModbusDemo.Properties.Resources.restore_blue_32;}}private void btn_Minimize_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e){this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized;}#endregion/// <summary>/// 折叠按钮/// </summary>private void btn_Expand_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e){//展开if (!btn_Expand.SelectedState){btn_Expand.Image = global::ModbusDemo.Properties.Resources.collapse_left_blue_32;panel_MenuItemIcon.Width = ButtonWidth;panel_MenuItemText.ScrollControlIntoView(btn_Expand);panel_MenuItemText.Show();panel_LeftMenuItem.Width = 256;}//折叠else{btn_Expand.Image = global::ModbusDemo.Properties.Resources.collapse_right_blue_32;panel_MenuItemIcon.Width = ButtonWidth;panel_LeftMenuItem.Width = ButtonWidth;panel_MenuItemText.Hide();}}/// <summary>/// 首页按钮/// </summary>private void btn_Home_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){}
}

结语

既是分享，也是备份。