playwright-go实战：自动化登录测试

1.新建项目

打开Goland新建项目playwright-go-demo

项目初始化完成后打开终端输入命令：

#安装项目依赖
go get -u github.com/playwright-community/playwright-go
#安装浏览器
go run github.com/playwright-community/playwright-go/cmd/playwright@latest install --with-deps

2.编写代码

项目结构

部分代码

config.go

package configimport ("encoding/json""fmt""os""path/filepath"
)// BrowserConfig 浏览器配置
type BrowserConfig struct {Type      string `json:"type"`      // 浏览器类型：chromium, firefox, webkitHeadless  bool   `json:"headless"`  // 是否无头模式SlowMo    int    `json:"slowMo"`    // 慢动作模式，毫秒Maximized bool   `json:"maximized"` // 是否最大化
}// LoginConfig 登录配置
type LoginConfig struct {Username        string `json:"username"`         // 用户名Password        string `json:"password"`         // 密码URL             string `json:"url"`              // 登录URLInvalidUsername string `json:"invalid_username"` // 无效用户名InvalidPassword string `json:"invalid_password"` // 无效密码
}// Config 应用配置
type Config struct {Browsers []BrowserConfig `json:"browsers"` // 多浏览器配置Login    LoginConfig     `json:"login"`    // 登录配置
}// DefaultConfig 默认配置
var DefaultConfig = Config{Browsers: []BrowserConfig{{Type:      "chromium",Headless:  false,SlowMo:    0,Maximized: true,},{Type:      "webkit",Headless:  false,SlowMo:    0,Maximized: true,},},Login: LoginConfig{Username:        "tomsmith",Password:        "SuperSecretPassword!",URL:             "http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/login",InvalidUsername: "invaliduser",InvalidPassword: "invalidpass",},
}// LoadConfig 从文件加载配置
func LoadConfig(configPath string) (*Config, error) {// 如果配置文件不存在，创建默认配置文件if _, err := os.Stat(configPath); os.IsNotExist(err) {// 确保目录存在dir := filepath.Dir(configPath)if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0755); err != nil {return nil, fmt.Errorf("无法创建配置目录: %w", err)}// 写入默认配置file, err := os.Create(configPath)if err != nil {return nil, fmt.Errorf("无法创建配置文件: %w", err)}defer file.Close()encoder := json.NewEncoder(file)encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")if err := encoder.Encode(DefaultConfig); err != nil {return nil, fmt.Errorf("无法写入默认配置: %w", err)}return &DefaultConfig, nil}// 读取配置文件file, err := os.Open(configPath)if err != nil {return nil, fmt.Errorf("无法打开配置文件: %w", err)}defer file.Close()config := &Config{}if err := json.NewDecoder(file).Decode(config); err != nil {return nil, fmt.Errorf("无法解析配置文件: %w", err)}return config, nil
}

config.json

{"browsers": [{"type": "chromium","headless": true,"slowMo": 0,"maximized": true},{"type": "webkit","headless": true,"slowMo": 0,"maximized": true}],"login": {"username": "tomsmith","password": "SuperSecretPassword!","url": "http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/login","invalid_username": "invaliduser","invalid_password": "invalidpass"}
}

pages/login_page.go

package pagesimport ("fmt""github.com/playwright-community/playwright-go"
)// LoginPage 表示登录页面对象
type LoginPage struct {page     playwright.PageloginURL string
}// NewLoginPage 创建一个新的登录页面对象
func NewLoginPage(page playwright.Page) *LoginPage {return &LoginPage{page:     page,loginURL: "http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/login", // 默认URL，将被配置文件中的URL覆盖}
}// SetLoginURL 设置登录URL
func (l *LoginPage) SetLoginURL(url string) {l.loginURL = url
}// Navigate 导航到登录页面
func (l *LoginPage) Navigate() error {_, err := l.page.Goto(l.loginURL, playwright.PageGotoOptions{WaitUntil: playwright.WaitUntilStateNetworkidle,})return err
}// Login 执行登录操作
func (l *LoginPage) Login(username, password string) error {// 输入用户名if err := l.page.Fill("#username", username); err != nil {return fmt.Errorf("无法输入用户名: %w", err)}// 输入密码if err := l.page.Fill("#password", password); err != nil {return fmt.Errorf("无法输入密码: %w", err)}// 点击登录按钮if err := l.page.Click("button[type=\"submit\"]"); err != nil {return fmt.Errorf("无法点击登录按钮: %w", err)}// 等待页面加载完成if err := l.page.WaitForLoadState(playwright.PageWaitForLoadStateOptions{State: playwright.LoadStateNetworkidle,}); err != nil {return fmt.Errorf("等待页面加载超时: %w", err)}return nil
}// VerifyLoginSuccess 验证登录是否成功
func (l *LoginPage) VerifyLoginSuccess() (bool, error) {// 等待成功消息出现successLocator := l.page.Locator(".flash.success")if err := successLocator.WaitFor(playwright.LocatorWaitForOptions{Timeout: playwright.Float(5000),}); err != nil {return false, fmt.Errorf("未找到成功消息: %w", err)}// 检查是否存在登出按钮logoutButton, err := l.page.IsVisible("a[href=\"/logout\"]")if err != nil {return false, fmt.Errorf("检查登出按钮失败: %w", err)}return logoutButton, nil
}// Logout 执行登出操作
func (l *LoginPage) Logout() error {// 点击登出按钮if err := l.page.Click("a[href=\"/logout\"]"); err != nil {return fmt.Errorf("无法点击登出按钮: %w", err)}// 等待页面加载完成if err := l.page.WaitForLoadState(playwright.PageWaitForLoadStateOptions{State: playwright.LoadStateNetworkidle,}); err != nil {return fmt.Errorf("等待页面加载超时: %w", err)}return nil
}// WaitForTimeout 等待指定时间
func (l *LoginPage) WaitForTimeout(ms int) {l.page.WaitForTimeout(float64(ms))
}// VerifyLoginFailed 验证登录失败场景
func (l *LoginPage) VerifyLoginFailed() (bool, error) {// 等待错误消息出现errorLocator := l.page.Locator(".flash.error")if err := errorLocator.WaitFor(playwright.LocatorWaitForOptions{Timeout: playwright.Float(5000),}); err != nil {return false, fmt.Errorf("未找到错误消息: %w", err)}// 检查是否仍在登录页面（通过登录按钮是否可见来判断）loginButton, err := l.page.IsVisible("button[type=\"submit\"]")if err != nil {return false, fmt.Errorf("检查登录按钮失败: %w", err)}return loginButton, nil
}

main.go

package mainimport ("fmt""log""os""path/filepath""time""github.com/playwright-community/playwright-go""github.com/wan/playwright-go-demo/config""github.com/wan/playwright-go-demo/pages""github.com/wan/playwright-go-demo/utils"
)func main() {// 清理旧的测试结果if err := utils.CleanupOldTestResults(); err != nil {log.Printf("警告: 清理旧测试结果失败: %v", err)}// 加载配置文件configPath := "./config/config.json"cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(configPath)if err != nil {log.Fatalf("加载配置文件失败: %v", err)}// 初始化Playwrightpw, err := playwright.Run()if err != nil {log.Fatalf("无法启动Playwright: %v", err)}defer pw.Stop()// 确保截图目录存在screenshotDir := "./screenshots"if _, err := os.Stat(screenshotDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {os.MkdirAll(screenshotDir, 0755)}// 确保视频目录存在videoDir := "./videos"if _, err := os.Stat(videoDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {os.MkdirAll(videoDir, 0755)}// 遍历所有配置的浏览器，分别执行测试for _, browserConfig := range cfg.Browsers {// 为每个浏览器创建单独的测试报告reportManager := utils.NewReportManager(fmt.Sprintf("%s浏览器登录测试", browserConfig.Type))// 执行特定浏览器的测试runTestWithBrowser(pw, browserConfig, cfg.Login, screenshotDir, videoDir, reportManager)}
}// runTestWithBrowser 使用特定浏览器执行测试
func runTestWithBrowser(pw *playwright.Playwright, browserConfig config.BrowserConfig, loginConfig config.LoginConfig, screenshotDir, videoDir string, reportManager *utils.ReportManager) {// 根据配置选择浏览器类型var browserType playwright.BrowserTypeswitch browserConfig.Type {case "firefox":browserType = pw.Firefoxcase "webkit":browserType = pw.WebKitdefault:browserType = pw.Chromium}fmt.Printf("开始使用 %s 浏览器执行测试\n", browserConfig.Type)// 创建浏览器实例browser, err := browserType.Launch(playwright.BrowserTypeLaunchOptions{Headless: playwright.Bool(browserConfig.Headless),SlowMo:   playwright.Float(float64(browserConfig.SlowMo)),})if err != nil {log.Printf("无法启动 %s 浏览器: %v", browserConfig.Type, err)return}defer browser.Close()// 创建上下文contextOptions := playwright.BrowserNewContextOptions{RecordVideo: &playwright.RecordVideo{Dir: filepath.Join(videoDir, browserConfig.Type), // 为每个浏览器创建单独的视频目录},}// 如果配置了最大化，设置视口大小为最大if browserConfig.Maximized {// 设置一个足够大的视口大小来模拟最大化contextOptions.Viewport = &playwright.Size{Width:  1920,Height: 1080,}}// 确保浏览器特定的视频目录存在browserVideoDir := filepath.Join(videoDir, browserConfig.Type)if _, err := os.Stat(browserVideoDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {os.MkdirAll(browserVideoDir, 0755)}// 确保浏览器特定的截图目录存在browserScreenshotDir := filepath.Join(screenshotDir, browserConfig.Type)if _, err := os.Stat(browserScreenshotDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {os.MkdirAll(browserScreenshotDir, 0755)}context, err := browser.NewContext(contextOptions)if err != nil {log.Printf("无法创建 %s 浏览器上下文: %v", browserConfig.Type, err)return}defer context.Close()// 创建页面page, err := context.NewPage()if err != nil {log.Printf("无法创建 %s 浏览器页面: %v", browserConfig.Type, err)return}reportManager.StartTest("登录测试")// 执行测试testStart := time.Now()try := func() bool {// 创建登录页面对象loginPage := pages.NewLoginPage(page)// 设置登录URLloginPage.SetLoginURL(loginConfig.URL)// 步骤1: 导航到登录页面reportManager.StartStep("导航到登录页面")if err := loginPage.Navigate(); err != nil {// 失败时截图screenshotPath := filepath.Join(browserScreenshotDir, "navigate_failure.png")utils.TakeScreenshot(page, screenshotPath)reportManager.EndStepFailure("导航到登录页面失败", err, screenshotPath)return false}reportManager.EndStepSuccess("成功导航到登录页面")// 测试场景1: 使用错误的用户名登录reportManager.StartStep("测试错误用户名登录")if err := loginPage.Login("wrong_username", loginConfig.Password); err != nil {screenshotPath := filepath.Join(browserScreenshotDir, "wrong_username_input_failure.png")utils.TakeScreenshot(page, screenshotPath)reportManager.EndStepFailure("输入错误用户名失败", err, screenshotPath)return false}if failed, err := loginPage.VerifyLoginFailed(); err != nil || !failed {screenshotPath := filepath.Join(browserScreenshotDir, "wrong_username_verify_failure.png")utils.TakeScreenshot(page, screenshotPath)reportManager.EndStepFailure("验证错误用户名失败场景失败", err, screenshotPath)return false}reportManager.EndStepSuccess("成功验证错误用户名登录失败场景")// 测试场景2: 使用错误的密码登录reportManager.StartStep("测试错误密码登录")if err := loginPage.Login(loginConfig.Username, "wrong_password"); err != nil {screenshotPath := filepath.Join(browserScreenshotDir, "wrong_password_input_failure.png")utils.TakeScreenshot(page, screenshotPath)reportManager.EndStepFailure("输入错误密码失败", err, screenshotPath)return false}if failed, err := loginPage.VerifyLoginFailed(); err != nil || !failed {screenshotPath := filepath.Join(browserScreenshotDir, "wrong_password_verify_failure.png")utils.TakeScreenshot(page, screenshotPath)reportManager.EndStepFailure("验证错误密码失败场景失败", err, screenshotPath)return false}reportManager.EndStepSuccess("成功验证错误密码登录失败场景")// 测试场景3: 使用正确的凭据登录reportManager.StartStep("测试正确凭据登录")if err := loginPage.Login(loginConfig.Username, loginConfig.Password); err != nil {screenshotPath := filepath.Join(browserScreenshotDir, "login_failure.png")utils.TakeScreenshot(page, screenshotPath)reportManager.EndStepFailure("登录失败", err, screenshotPath)return false}if success, err := loginPage.VerifyLoginSuccess(); err != nil || !success {screenshotPath := filepath.Join(browserScreenshotDir, "verification_failure.png")utils.TakeScreenshot(page, screenshotPath)reportManager.EndStepFailure("验证登录失败", err, screenshotPath)return false}reportManager.EndStepSuccess("成功验证正确凭据登录")return true}success := try()testDuration := time.Since(testStart)// 完成测试报告if success {reportManager.LogSuccess("登录测试成功", testDuration)} else {reportManager.LogFailure("登录测试失败", testDuration)}// 生成测试报告reportPath, err := reportManager.GenerateReport()if err != nil {log.Fatalf("生成测试报告失败: %v", err)}fmt.Printf("测试完成，报告已生成: %s\n", reportPath)
}

更多详细代码查看仓库：https://github.com/wan88888/playwright-go-demo

3.运行测试

本地运行

在终端执行命令：

go run main.go

测试报告

远程测试