使用fdisk 、gdisk管理分区

用 fdisk 管理分区

fdisk 命令工具默认将磁盘划分为 mbr 格式的分区

命令： fdisk 设备名 fdisk 命令以交互方式进行操作的，在菜单中选择相应功能键即可

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

# 对 sda 进行分区

Command (m for help):

# 进入 fdisk 交互界面进行分区

Command (m for help): m

# 输入 m 可查看帮助信息

Help:

DOS (MBR)

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit nested BSD disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

Generic

d delete a partition

F list free unpartitioned space

l list known partition types

n add a new partition

p print the partition table

t change a partition type

v verify the partition table

i print information about a partition

Misc

m print this menu

u change display/entry units

x extra functionality (experts only)

Script

I load disk layout from sfdisk script file

O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file Save & Exit

w write table to disk and exit

q quit without saving changes

Create a new label

g create a new empty GPT partition table

G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table

o create a new empty DOS partition table

s create a new empty Sun partition table

Command (m for help): n

# 输入 n 创建新分区

Partition type

p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)

# 输入 p 创建主分区

e extended (container for logical partitions)

# 输入 e 创建扩展分区

Select (default p): p

# 输入 p 创建主分区

Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1

# 选择主分区号，输入 1 表示第一个主分区

First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048):

# 直接按回车从当前第 2048 个扇区开始分区

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-10485759, default 10485759): +300M

# 设置第一个分区为 300M

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 300 MiB.

# 一个主分区创建完成，大小为 300M

Command (m for help): p

# 输入 p 查看分区信息

Disk /dev/sda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x5bb0744f

Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type

/dev/sda1 2048 616447 614400 300M 83 Linux

Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type

/dev/sda1 2048 616447 614400 300M 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 616448 10485759 9869312 4.7G 0 Empty

# 有两个分区，其中新添加的 sda2 有误，需要删除

Command (m for help): d

# 输入 d 删除分区

Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2

# 输入 2 ，选择需要删除的是第二个分区

Partition 2 has been deleted.

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x5bb0744f Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type

/dev/sda1 2048 616447 614400 300M 83 Linux

# 查看现有分区，有误的 sda2 已删除

# 创建一个扩展分区

Command (m for help): n

# 输入 n 创建新分区

Partition type

p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)

e extended (container for logical partitions)

Select (default p): e

# 输入 e 创建扩展分区

Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2

# 选择分区号，输入 2 表示第二个分区

First sector (616448-10485759, default 616448):

# 直接按回车从当前第 616448 个扇区开始分区

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (616448-10485759, default 10485759): +500M

# 添加一个 500M 的分区

Created a new partition 2 of type 'Extended' and of size 500 MiB.

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x5bb0744f

Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type

/dev/sda1 2048 616447 614400 300M 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 616448 1640447 1024000 500M 5 Extended

# 输入 p 查看，新增一个 500M 的扩展分区

Command (m for help): w

# 所有分区设置完成后，输入 w 保存，即可退出 fdisk 交互界面

The partition table has been altered.

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

使用 gdisk 管理分区

gdisk 命令工具默认将磁盘划分为 GPT 格式的分区

[root@localhost ~]# gdisk /dev/sda

# 进入 gdisk 交互界面

GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.3

Partition table scan:

MBR: MBR only

BSD: not present

APM: not present

GPT: not present Command (? for help): ?

# 输入 ? 可查看帮助信息

b

back up GPT data to a file

c

change a partition's name

d

delete a partition

i

show detailed information on a partition

l

list known partition types

n

add a new partition

o

create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)

p

print the partition table

q

quit without saving changes

r

recovery and transformation options (experts only)

s

sort partitions

t

change a partition's type code

v

verify disk

w

write table to disk and exit

x

extra functionality (experts only)

?

print this menu

#gdisk 创建新分区（默认 GPT 格式）

Command (? for help): n

# 输入 n 创建新分区

Partition number (1-128, default 1):

# 输入分区编号，默认为 1 ，因为是 /dev/sda 硬盘的第一块分区

First sector (34-10485726, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: # 输入扇区的开始位置，选择默认即

可，也可手动指定

Last sector (2048-10485726, default = 10485726) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +300M

# 输

入扇区的结束位置，一般都是指定磁盘大小，这里输入 +300M 表示新分区大小为 300M

Current type is 'Linux filesystem'

Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):

# 默认即可，分区完成后可以修改

Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'

Command (? for help): p

# 输入 p 查看分区情况

Disk /dev/sda: 10485760 sectors, 5.0 GiB

Model: VMware Virtual S

Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes

Disk identifier (GUID): 61FA16FB-FAD8-4873-A857-BD387FE0A592

Partition table holds up to 128 entries

Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33

First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 10485726

Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries

Total free space is 9871293 sectors (4.7 GiB)

Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name

1 2048 616447 300.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem Command (? for help): w

# 输入 w 保存分区并退出 gdisk 交互界面

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y

OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.

The operation has completed successfully.