鸿蒙OSUniApp导航栏组件开发：打造清新简约的用户界面#三方框架 #Uniapp

UniApp 开发实战：打造符合鸿蒙设计风格的日历活动安排组件

在移动应用开发中，日历和活动安排是非常常见的需求。本文将详细介绍如何使用 UniApp 框架开发一个优雅的日历活动安排组件，并融入鸿蒙系统的设计理念，实现一个既美观又实用的功能模块。

设计理念

在开发这个组件之前，我们需要深入理解鸿蒙系统的设计哲学。鸿蒙系统强调"自然、流畅、统一"的设计原则，这些特点将贯穿我们的整个组件实现过程：

1. 自然：日历的切换和选择要符合用户的直觉
2. 流畅：动画过渡要平滑，操作响应要及时
3. 统一：视觉元素要保持一致性，符合系统设计规范
4. 高效：快速获取和展示日程信息

组件实现

1. 日历选择器组件

首先实现一个基础的日历选择器组件：

<!-- components/harmony-calendar/harmony-calendar.vue -->
<template><view class="harmony-calendar"><view class="calendar-header"><view class="month-switcher"><text class="iconfont icon-left" @click="changeMonth(-1)"></text><text class="current-month">{{ currentYear }}年{{ currentMonth + 1 }}月</text><text class="iconfont icon-right" @click="changeMonth(1)"></text></view><view class="weekday-header"><text v-for="day in weekDays" :key="day">{{ day }}</text></view></view><view class="calendar-body" :class="{ 'with-animation': enableAnimation }"><view class="days-grid"><view v-for="(day, index) in daysArray" :key="index"class="day-cell":class="[{ 'current-month': day.currentMonth },{ 'selected': isSelected(day.date) },{ 'has-events': hasEvents(day.date) }]"@click="selectDate(day)"><text class="day-number">{{ day.dayNumber }}</text><view v-if="hasEvents(day.date)" class="event-indicator"></view></view></view></view></view>
</template><script>
export default {name: 'HarmonyCalendar',props: {events: {type: Array,default: () => []},selectedDate: {type: Date,default: () => new Date()}},data() {return {currentDate: new Date(),currentMonth: new Date().getMonth(),currentYear: new Date().getFullYear(),weekDays: ['日', '一', '二', '三', '四', '五', '六'],enableAnimation: true,daysArray: []}},watch: {currentMonth: {handler() {this.generateCalendar()},immediate: true}},methods: {generateCalendar() {const firstDay = new Date(this.currentYear, this.currentMonth, 1)const lastDay = new Date(this.currentYear, this.currentMonth + 1, 0)const daysInMonth = lastDay.getDate()const startingDay = firstDay.getDay()let days = []// 上个月的日期const prevMonth = new Date(this.currentYear, this.currentMonth - 1, 1)const daysInPrevMonth = new Date(this.currentYear, this.currentMonth, 0).getDate()for (let i = startingDay - 1; i >= 0; i--) {days.push({date: new Date(prevMonth.getFullYear(), prevMonth.getMonth(), daysInPrevMonth - i),dayNumber: daysInPrevMonth - i,currentMonth: false})}// 当前月的日期for (let i = 1; i <= daysInMonth; i++) {days.push({date: new Date(this.currentYear, this.currentMonth, i),dayNumber: i,currentMonth: true})}// 下个月的日期const remainingDays = 42 - days.length // 保持6行固定高度for (let i = 1; i <= remainingDays; i++) {days.push({date: new Date(this.currentYear, this.currentMonth + 1, i),dayNumber: i,currentMonth: false})}this.daysArray = days},changeMonth(delta) {const newDate = new Date(this.currentYear, this.currentMonth + delta, 1)this.currentMonth = newDate.getMonth()this.currentYear = newDate.getFullYear()this.enableAnimation = truesetTimeout(() => {this.enableAnimation = false}, 300)},isSelected(date) {return date.toDateString() === this.selectedDate.toDateString()},hasEvents(date) {return this.events.some(event => new Date(event.date).toDateString() === date.toDateString())},selectDate(day) {this.$emit('date-selected', day.date)}}
}
</script><style lang="scss">
.harmony-calendar {background-color: #ffffff;border-radius: 24rpx;padding: 32rpx;box-shadow: 0 4rpx 16rpx rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);.calendar-header {margin-bottom: 32rpx;.month-switcher {display: flex;justify-content: space-between;align-items: center;margin-bottom: 24rpx;.current-month {font-size: 32rpx;font-weight: 500;color: #333333;}.iconfont {font-size: 40rpx;color: #666666;padding: 16rpx;&:active {opacity: 0.7;}}}.weekday-header {display: grid;grid-template-columns: repeat(7, 1fr);text-align: center;text {font-size: 28rpx;color: #999999;padding: 16rpx 0;}}}.calendar-body {.days-grid {display: grid;grid-template-columns: repeat(7, 1fr);gap: 8rpx;.day-cell {aspect-ratio: 1;display: flex;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;justify-content: center;position: relative;border-radius: 16rpx;transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;&.current-month {background-color: #f8f8f8;.day-number {color: #333333;}}&.selected {background-color: #2979ff;.day-number {color: #ffffff;}.event-indicator {background-color: #ffffff;}}.day-number {font-size: 28rpx;color: #999999;}.event-indicator {width: 8rpx;height: 8rpx;border-radius: 4rpx;background-color: #2979ff;position: absolute;bottom: 12rpx;}&:active {transform: scale(0.95);}}}}&.with-animation {.days-grid {animation: fadeInScale 0.3s ease-out;}}
}@keyframes fadeInScale {from {opacity: 0.5;transform: scale(0.95);}to {opacity: 1;transform: scale(1);}
}
</style>

2. 活动列表组件

接下来实现活动列表组件，用于展示选中日期的活动：

<!-- components/schedule-list/schedule-list.vue -->
<template><view class="schedule-list"><view class="list-header"><text class="title">活动安排</text><text class="add-btn" @click="$emit('add')">添加</text></view><view class="list-content"><template v-if="filteredEvents.length"><view v-for="event in filteredEvents" :key="event.id"class="schedule-item":class="{ 'completed': event.completed }"@click="toggleEvent(event)"><view class="event-time">{{ formatTime(event.time) }}</view><view class="event-info"><text class="event-title">{{ event.title }}</text><text class="event-location" v-if="event.location">{{ event.location }}</text></view><text class="iconfont icon-check"></text></view></template><view v-else class="empty-tip"><image src="/static/empty.png" mode="aspectFit"></image><text>暂无活动安排</text></view></view></view>
</template><script>
export default {name: 'ScheduleList',props: {selectedDate: {type: Date,required: true},events: {type: Array,default: () => []}},computed: {filteredEvents() {return this.events.filter(event => new Date(event.date).toDateString() === this.selectedDate.toDateString()).sort((a, b) => new Date(`${a.date} ${a.time}`) - new Date(`${b.date} ${b.time}`))}},methods: {formatTime(time) {return time.slice(0, 5) // 只显示小时和分钟},toggleEvent(event) {this.$emit('toggle', event)}}
}
</script><style lang="scss">
.schedule-list {margin-top: 32rpx;.list-header {display: flex;justify-content: space-between;align-items: center;margin-bottom: 24rpx;.title {font-size: 32rpx;font-weight: 500;color: #333333;}.add-btn {font-size: 28rpx;color: #2979ff;padding: 16rpx;&:active {opacity: 0.7;}}}.list-content {.schedule-item {display: flex;align-items: center;padding: 24rpx;background-color: #ffffff;border-radius: 16rpx;margin-bottom: 16rpx;box-shadow: 0 2rpx 8rpx rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;&.completed {opacity: 0.6;.event-info {text-decoration: line-through;}.icon-check {color: #52c41a;}}.event-time {font-size: 28rpx;color: #666666;margin-right: 24rpx;min-width: 100rpx;}.event-info {flex: 1;.event-title {font-size: 28rpx;color: #333333;margin-bottom: 8rpx;}.event-location {font-size: 24rpx;color: #999999;}}.icon-check {font-size: 40rpx;color: #dddddd;}&:active {transform: scale(0.98);}}.empty-tip {text-align: center;padding: 64rpx 0;image {width: 200rpx;height: 200rpx;margin-bottom: 16rpx;}text {font-size: 28rpx;color: #999999;}}}
}
</style>

3. 使用示例

下面展示如何在页面中使用这两个组件：

<!-- pages/schedule/schedule.vue -->
<template><view class="schedule-page"><harmony-calendar:events="events":selected-date="selectedDate"@date-selected="handleDateSelect"></harmony-calendar><schedule-list:events="events":selected-date="selectedDate"@toggle="toggleEventStatus"@add="showAddEventPopup"></schedule-list><!-- 添加活动弹窗 --><uni-popup ref="addEventPopup" type="bottom"><view class="add-event-form"><input v-model="newEvent.title" placeholder="活动标题" class="input-field" /><input v-model="newEvent.location" placeholder="活动地点" class="input-field" /><picker mode="time" :value="newEvent.time"@change="handleTimeChange"class="input-field"><view>{{ newEvent.time || '选择时间' }}</view></picker><button @click="saveEvent" class="save-btn":disabled="!newEvent.title || !newEvent.time">保存</button></view></uni-popup></view>
</template><script>
import HarmonyCalendar from '@/components/harmony-calendar/harmony-calendar'
import ScheduleList from '@/components/schedule-list/schedule-list'export default {components: {HarmonyCalendar,ScheduleList},data() {return {selectedDate: new Date(),events: [],newEvent: {title: '',location: '',time: '',completed: false}}},methods: {handleDateSelect(date) {this.selectedDate = date},showAddEventPopup() {this.$refs.addEventPopup.open()},handleTimeChange(e) {this.newEvent.time = e.detail.value},saveEvent() {const event = {...this.newEvent,id: Date.now(),date: this.selectedDate}this.events.push(event)this.$refs.addEventPopup.close()// 重置表单this.newEvent = {title: '',location: '',time: '',completed: false}// 提示保存成功uni.showToast({title: '添加成功',icon: 'success'})},toggleEventStatus(event) {const index = this.events.findIndex(e => e.id === event.id)if (index > -1) {this.events[index].completed = !this.events[index].completed}}}
}
</script><style lang="scss">
.schedule-page {padding: 32rpx;min-height: 100vh;background-color: #f5f5f5;
}.add-event-form {background-color: #ffffff;padding: 32rpx;border-radius: 24rpx 24rpx 0 0;.input-field {width: 100%;height: 88rpx;border-bottom: 2rpx solid #f0f0f0;margin-bottom: 24rpx;padding: 0 24rpx;font-size: 28rpx;}.save-btn {margin-top: 32rpx;background-color: #2979ff;color: #ffffff;border-radius: 44rpx;height: 88rpx;line-height: 88rpx;font-size: 32rpx;&:active {opacity: 0.9;}&[disabled] {background-color: #cccccc;}}
}
</style>

性能优化

1. 虚拟列表优化

当活动数量较多时，可以使用虚拟列表优化性能：

// 在 schedule-list 组件中添加
import VirtualList from '@/components/virtual-list'export default {components: {VirtualList}// ...其他配置
}

2. 状态管理

对于大型应用，建议使用 Vuex 管理日程数据：

// store/modules/schedule.js
export default {state: {events: []},mutations: {ADD_EVENT(state, event) {state.events.push(event)},TOGGLE_EVENT(state, eventId) {const event = state.events.find(e => e.id === eventId)if (event) {event.completed = !event.completed}}},actions: {async fetchEvents({ commit }) {// 从服务器获取数据const events = await api.getEvents()commit('SET_EVENTS', events)}}
}

3. 缓存优化

使用本地存储缓存日程数据：

// utils/storage.js
export const saveEvents = (events) => {try {uni.setStorageSync('schedule_events', JSON.stringify(events))} catch (e) {console.error('保存失败:', e)}
}export const getEvents = () => {try {const events = uni.getStorageSync('schedule_events')return events ? JSON.parse(events) : []} catch (e) {console.error('读取失败:', e)return []}
}

适配建议

1. 暗黑模式支持

// 在组件样式中添加
.harmony-calendar {&.dark {background-color: #1c1c1e;.calendar-header {.current-month {color: #ffffff;}}.day-cell {&.current-month {background-color: #2c2c2e;.day-number {color: #ffffff;}}}}
}

2. 响应式布局

使用 flex 布局和 rpx 单位确保在不同设备上的适配：

.schedule-page {display: flex;flex-direction: column;min-height: 100vh;@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {flex-direction: row;.harmony-calendar {flex: 0 0 400rpx;}.schedule-list {flex: 1;margin-left: 32rpx;}}
}

总结

通过本文的讲解，我们实现了一个功能完整的日历活动安排组件。该组件不仅具有优雅的界面设计，还融入了鸿蒙系统的设计理念，同时考虑了性能优化和多端适配等实际开发中的重要因素。

在实际开发中，我们可以根据具体需求对组件进行扩展，例如：

• 添加重复活动功能
• 实现活动提醒
• 支持多人协作
• 添加数据同步功能

希望这篇文章能够帮助你更好地理解如何在 UniApp 中开发高质量的组件，同时也能为你的实际项目开发提供有价值的参考。