基于 SpringBoot 的自助图书借阅管理系统源码讲解

以下是一个基于SpringBoot的自助图书借阅管理系统的核心源码讲解涵盖用户管理、图书管理、借阅管理、设备对接等关键模块代码结构清晰可直接用于学习或二次开发。一、项目结构src/main/java/com/library/ ├── config/ # 配置类Swagger、Redis、MQ等 ├── controller/ # 控制器层API接口 ├── service/ # 业务逻辑层 │ ├── impl/ # 业务实现类 ├── repository/ # 数据访问层MyBatis/JPA ├── entity/ # 实体类数据库表映射 ├── dto/ # 数据传输对象请求/响应 ├── exception/ # 自定义异常 ├── util/ # 工具类JWT、日期处理等 └── Application.java # SpringBoot启动类二、核心模块源码讲解1. 用户管理模块功能用户注册、登录、权限控制关键代码1实体类User.javajavaData TableName(user) // MyBatis-Plus注解 public class User { TableId(type IdType.AUTO) private Long id; private String username; private String password; // 实际存储BCrypt加密后的密码 private String phone; private Integer role; // 1-普通用户 2-管理员 }2控制器UserController.javajavaRestController RequestMapping(/api/user) public class UserController { Autowired private UserService userService; // 用户注册 PostMapping(/register) public ResultVoid register(RequestBody Valid UserRegisterDTO dto) { userService.register(dto); return Result.success(); } // 用户登录返回JWT Token PostMapping(/login) public ResultString login(RequestBody Valid UserLoginDTO dto) { String token userService.login(dto); return Result.success(token); } // 获取当前用户信息需JWT鉴权 GetMapping(/info) public ResultUserInfoDTO getInfo(RequestHeader(Authorization) String token) { Long userId JwtUtil.getUserId(token); return Result.success(userService.getInfo(userId)); } }3服务层UserServiceImpl.javajavaService public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { Autowired private UserRepository userRepository; Autowired private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder; Override public void register(UserRegisterDTO dto) { // 检查用户名是否已存在 if (userRepository.existsByUsername(dto.getUsername())) { throw new BusinessException(用户名已存在); } // 加密密码并保存用户 User user new User(); user.setUsername(dto.getUsername()); user.setPassword(passwordEncoder.encode(dto.getPassword())); user.setPhone(dto.getPhone()); userRepository.save(user); } Override public String login(UserLoginDTO dto) { User user userRepository.findByUsername(dto.getUsername()) .orElseThrow(() - new BusinessException(用户不存在)); // 验证密码 if (!passwordEncoder.matches(dto.getPassword(), user.getPassword())) { throw new BusinessException(密码错误); } // 生成JWT Token return JwtUtil.generateToken(user.getId()); } }4JWT工具类JwtUtil.javajavapublic class JwtUtil { private static final String SECRET your-secret-key; private static final long EXPIRE 86400000; // 24小时 // 生成Token public static String generateToken(Long userId) { return Jwts.builder() .claim(userId, userId) .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() EXPIRE)) .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET) .compact(); } // 从Token中解析用户ID public static Long getUserId(String token) { try { Claims claims Jwts.parser() .setSigningKey(SECRET) .parseClaimsJws(token.replace(Bearer , )) .getBody(); return claims.get(userId, Long.class); } catch (Exception e) { throw new BusinessException(Token无效); } } }2. 图书管理模块功能图书上架、下架、搜索、库存管理关键代码1实体类Book.javajavaData TableName(book) public class Book { TableId(type IdType.AUTO) private Long id; private String title; private String author; private String isbn; // ISBN编号唯一 private Integer categoryId; // 分类ID private Integer status; // 1-可借 2-已借 3-下架 private String location; // 书柜位置如A区-3层-5号 }2控制器BookController.javajavaRestController RequestMapping(/api/book) public class BookController { Autowired private BookService bookService; // 图书搜索支持关键词模糊查询 GetMapping(/search) public ResultListBookDTO search(RequestParam String keyword) { return Result.success(bookService.search(keyword)); } // 管理员上架图书 PostMapping(/add) PreAuthorize(hasRole(ADMIN)) // 权限控制 public ResultVoid addBook(RequestBody Valid BookAddDTO dto) { bookService.addBook(dto); return Result.success(); } }3服务层BookServiceImpl.javajavaService public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService { Autowired private BookRepository bookRepository; Override public ListBookDTO search(String keyword) { // 使用MyBatis-Plus的LambdaQueryWrapper实现模糊查询 LambdaQueryWrapperBook wrapper new LambdaQueryWrapper(); wrapper.like(Book::getTitle, keyword) .or() .like(Book::getAuthor, keyword); ListBook books bookRepository.list(wrapper); return books.stream().map(BookDTO::fromEntity).collect(Collectors.toList()); } Override public void addBook(BookAddDTO dto) { // 检查ISBN是否已存在 if (bookRepository.existsByIsbn(dto.getIsbn())) { throw new BusinessException(图书已存在); } Book book new Book(); BeanUtils.copyProperties(dto, book); book.setStatus(1); // 默认可借 bookRepository.save(book); } }3. 借阅管理模块功能借书、还书、逾期计算、借阅记录关键代码1实体类BorrowRecord.javajavaData TableName(borrow_record) public class BorrowRecord { TableId(type IdType.AUTO) private Long id; private Long userId; private Long bookId; private Date borrowTime; // 借书时间 private Date dueTime; // 应还时间默认30天 private Date returnTime; // 实际还书时间 private Integer status; // 1-借出 2-已还 3-逾期 }2控制器BorrowController.javajavaRestController RequestMapping(/api/borrow) public class BorrowController { Autowired private BorrowService borrowService; // 借书 PostMapping(/borrow) public ResultVoid borrow(RequestHeader(Authorization) String token, RequestParam Long bookId) { Long userId JwtUtil.getUserId(token); borrowService.borrowBook(userId, bookId); return Result.success(); } // 还书 PostMapping(/return) public ResultVoid returnBook(RequestHeader(Authorization) String token, RequestParam Long bookId) { Long userId JwtUtil.getUserId(token); borrowService.returnBook(userId, bookId); return Result.success(); } }3服务层BorrowServiceImpl.javajavaService public class BorrowServiceImpl implements BorrowService { Autowired private BorrowRepository borrowRepository; Autowired private BookRepository bookRepository; Autowired private DeviceService deviceService; // 调用智能书柜API Transactional Override public void borrowBook(Long userId, Long bookId) { // 检查图书状态 Book book bookRepository.getById(bookId); if (book.getStatus() ! 1) { throw new BusinessException(图书不可借); } // 更新图书状态 book.setStatus(2); bookRepository.updateById(book); // 创建借阅记录 BorrowRecord record new BorrowRecord(); record.setUserId(userId); record.setBookId(bookId); record.setBorrowTime(new Date()); record.setDueTime(DateUtils.addDays(new Date(), 30)); // 默认30天 borrowRepository.save(record); // 调用设备开门通过MQ或HTTP deviceService.openCabinet(book.getLocation()); } Override public void returnBook(Long userId, Long bookId) { // 查询借阅记录 BorrowRecord record borrowRepository.findByUserIdAndBookIdAndStatus(userId, bookId, 1) .orElseThrow(() - new BusinessException(无有效借阅记录)); // 更新记录状态 record.setStatus(2); record.setReturnTime(new Date()); borrowRepository.updateById(record); // 检查是否逾期 if (record.getReturnTime().after(record.getDueTime())) { // 发送逾期通知邮件/短信 notificationService.sendOverdueNotice(userId, bookId); } // 更新图书状态为可借 Book book bookRepository.getById(bookId); book.setStatus(1); bookRepository.updateById(book); } }4. 智能书柜对接模块功能通过MQTT/HTTP控制书柜开门关键代码1设备服务DeviceService.javajavaService public class DeviceService { Autowired private MqttGateway mqttGateway; // Spring Integration MQTT // 控制书柜开门 public void openCabinet(String location) { JSONObject command new JSONObject(); command.put(location, location); command.put(action, open); mqttGateway.sendToTopic(/device/control, command.toJSONString()); } }2MQTT配置MqttConfig.javajavaConfiguration public class MqttConfig { Value(${mqtt.broker-url}) private String brokerUrl; Bean public MqttPahoClientFactory mqttClientFactory() { DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory factory new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory(); MqttConnectOptions options new MqttConnectOptions(); options.setServerURIs(new String[]{brokerUrl}); options.setUserName(admin); options.setPassword(password.toCharArray()); factory.setConnectionOptions(options); return factory; } }三、关键技术点总结JWT鉴权通过Token实现无状态登录结合PreAuthorize实现权限控制。事务管理借书操作涉及图书状态和借阅记录的更新需使用Transactional保证数据一致性。异步通知逾期通知可通过RocketMQ/Kafka实现异步处理避免阻塞主流程。设备对接通过MQTT协议与智能书柜通信实现开门、关门等操作。防并发冲突借书时检查图书状态避免超借可通过Redis分布式锁优化。四、扩展功能建议扫码借书集成微信/支付宝扫码功能直接扫描图书ISBN借书。信用积分根据借阅行为计算用户信用分限制逾期用户借书。数据分析统计热门图书、借阅高峰时段等优化图书采购策略。无人值守集成摄像头人脸识别实现真正的无人借阅。通过以上代码和讲解你可以快速理解一个完整的自助图书借阅系统的实现逻辑并根据实际需求进行扩展或优化。