nginx实验练习

[rootserver ~]# setenforce 0 [rootserver ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [rootserver ~]# systemctl disable firewalld [rootserver ~]# yum install nginx -y [rootserver ~]# nginx -V # 查看版本编译器、配置参数等信息 [rootserver ~]# systemctl start nginx # 启动httpd实验1修改默认根目录#1.创建目录及文件 [rootServer ~]# mkdir /myweb [rootServer myweb]# echo hello!!! Hello.html #2.修改主配置文件中root字段指向刚创建的目录 [rootServer ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ... root /myweb; ... #3.重新加载nginx的配置文件 [rootServer ~]# nginx -s reload #4.即可在浏览器中通过 172.25.254.100/Hello.html 访问到该网页 这里的意思是 浏览器寻找这个路径 172.25.254.100/mysweb/Hello.html 当我输入ip时只会寻找172.25.254.100/mysweb/index.html 所以报错了实验2.修改默认文件# nginx默认情况下会打开访问目录中的index.html,我们可以通过修改index属性替换掉默认打开的网页 # 1.添加新的index属性到主配置文件中 [rootServer ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf .... index Hello.html; .... [rootclient myweb]# echo zhi_you_ip Hello.html [rootclient myweb]# cat Hello.html zhi_you_ip hello # 2.重新加载nginx的配置文件 [rootServer ~]# nginx -s relaod # 3.此时在浏览器中敲入ip即可实验3实验拒绝ip[rootServer ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf .... index Hello.html; deny 172.25.254.40 .... # 2.重新加载nginx的配置文件 [rootServer ~]# nginx -s relaod 在172.25.254.30或者其他主机测试 curl 172.25.254.99/Hello.html实验4location字段[rootServer ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf .... #index Hello.html; #deny 172.25.254.40 location /{ root /myweb3; index haha.html; } .... [rootclient myweb]# mkdir /myweb3 [rootclient myweb]# echo myweb3 /myweb3haha.html [rootclient myweb]# cd /myweb3 [rootclient myweb3]# ls haha.html haha.html [rootclient myweb3]# nginx -s reload试验5 基于不同ip访问浏览器把之前实验给注释 # 1.在nginx创建多个虚拟主机 # 进入子配置文件目录 创建自配置文件爱你web2.conf [rootServer ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/ [rootServer conf.d]# vim web2.conf server{ listen 80; server_name 172.25.254.30; root /web2; } server{ listen 80; server_name 172.25.254.40; root /web3; } [rootServer conf.d]nginx -s reload # 2.创建web2 web3目录以及其中index [rootServer conf.d]# mkdir /web2 /web3 [rootServer conf.d]# echo web2 /web2/index.html [rootServer conf.d]# echo web3 /web3/index.html实验6基于不同的端口访问不同的虚拟主机# 修改子配置文件让所有虚拟主机使用同一个ip但是端口不同 [rootServer conf.d]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/web2.conf server{ listen 81; server_name 172.25.254.30; root /web2; } server{ listen 82; server_name 172.25.254.40; root /web3; } ~ [rootServer conf.d]# nginx -s reload实验7基于不同的域名访问不同的虚拟主机# 1.在hosts文件中加入自己的域名解析 .... # localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself. # 127.0.0.1 localhost # ::1 localhost 0.0.0.0 .psf 0.0.0.0 Mac 0.0.0.0 psf 172.25.254.100 www.xxx.com image.xxx.com bbs.xxx.com .... # 2.修改子配置文件 将www.xxx.com绑定给nginx的主配置的虚拟主机 将image.xxx.com绑定给子配置的虚拟主机1 将bbs.xxx.com绑定给子配置的虚拟主机2 [rootServer ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # 主配置的虚拟主机 ... 37 server { 38 listen 80; 39 listen [::]:80; 40 server_name www.her.com; #绑定 41 root /usr/share/nginx/html; .... [rootServer conf.d]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/web2.conf # 子配置 1 server{ 2 listen 80 3 server_name image.her.com; #绑定 4 root /web2; 5 } 6 server{ 7 listen 80; 8 server_name bbs.her.com;#绑定 9 root /web3; 10 } # 3.绑定完毕后重新加载nginx [rootServer conf.d]# nginx -s reload # 4.在浏览器中访问这三个域名 虚拟机curl image.her.com 或者 bbs.yao.com 浏览器输入image.her.com 或者 bbs.her.com实验8方向代理百度[rootServer conf.d]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/web2.conf server{ listen 80; server_name hpp.yao.com; location / { proxy_pass http://www.baidu.com; } } [rootmysql-node4 etc]# cat /etc/hosts 172.25.254.99 www.her.com image.her.com bbs.her.com hpp.yao.com [rootmysql-node4 etc]# [rootmysql-node4 etc]# curl hpp.yao.com总结常用的命令 [rootserver ~]# nginx -V # 查看版本编译器、配置参数等信息 [rootserver ~]# setenforce 0 内核防火墙 [rootlocalhost ~]# getenforce [rootserver ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service 关掉防火墙 [rootlocalhost ~]# yum install nginx -y [rootlocalhost ~]# rpm -ql nginx 查看文件 [rootserver ~]# systemctl status nginx # 查看状态q键退出查看 [rootserver ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx # 查看进程 [rootserver ~]# systemctl start nginx # 启动httpd [rootlocalhost /]#systemctl enable nginx #开机自启动 [rootlocalhost /]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx主配置文件 [rootlocalhost /]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/新建一个文件文本.conf [rootlocalhost /]# nginx -s reload 重新加载 [rootlocalhost /]# nginx --t 检查配置格式 虚拟机虚拟机/etc/hosts #本地域名解析 172.25.254.100 www.xxx.com image.xxx.com bbs.xxx.com echo hello!!! Hello.html #追加内容 curl 172.25.254.99/Hello.html #访问默认配置文件 curl 172.25.254.9980 #访问不用端口 server{ #扩写格式 listen 80; server_name hpp.yao.com; location / { proxy_pass http://www.baidu.com; } } 200 正常 403 没权限 / 没首页 404 找不到页面 502 代理后端挂了