在aarch64 Linux机器上安装kiwix zim格式文件阅读工具的两种方法及问题的解决

zim格式文件是kiwix组织开发的一种百科页面离线阅读格式，下载页面https://download.kiwix.org/ 提供多个平台的阅读工具kiwix-desktop，如windows有直接解压可用的绿色软件包，macos有appimage，但是未提供aarch64 Linux 二进制文件，只提供了flatpak 包。方法1：使用浏览器插件虽然kiwix提供了三种浏览器插件，但是只有firefox浏览器有aarch64 Linux版本，所以采用firefox浏览器。登录页面 https://www.firefox.com/zh-CN/download/all/desktop-release/linux64-aarch64/zh-CN/，选择操作系统和CPU，就会生成下载链接curl -LO https://download-installer.cdn.mozilla.net/pub/firefox/releases/150.0/linux-aarch64/zh-CN/firefox-150.0.tar.xz % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 70.6M 100 70.6M 0 0 29858 0 0:41:22 0:41:22 --:--:-- 19294解压缩后，执行firefox二进制文件即可。kiwix插件既可以从firefox浏览器网站下载，https://addons.mozilla.org/zh-CN/firefox/addon/kiwix-offline/ https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/downloads/file/4617846/kiwix_offline-4.3.0.xpi也可以从kiwix网站下载https://download.kiwix.org/release/browsers/firefox/还能直接在firefox浏览器中添加插件，输入插件名来安装。安装完后，第一次使用需要联网，然后选择本地的zim文件即可浏览，支持搜索，但不支持导出pdf格式。上述页面还有kiwix-tools下载, 解压后执行kiwix-search可以对zim文件中的主题全文检索。~/par/zim/kiwix-tools_linux-aarch64-2026-04-26$ ./kiwix-search ../wikipedia_zh_movies_maxi_2026-03.zim 花样年华 No stemming for language 'zh' 張曼玉 周扬 (演员) 华语电影传媒大奖 王家卫 轻轻摇晃 钢的琴 博伟达 回归 (2003年电影) MUBI 梅林茂方法2：使用flatpak 包因为我的机器上的apt不可用，为了安装flatpak, 先拉取一个最小的ubuntu镜像，运行容器并登录。sudo docker pull docker.1ms.run/ubuntu:26.04 输入密码 26.04: Pulling from ubuntu 8b1d2ed58370: Pull complete 86973008df0f: Pull complete 7f97d354032e: Download complete Digest: sha256:5e275723f82c67e387ba9e3c24baa0abdcb268917f276a0561c97bef9450d0b4 Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.1ms.run/ubuntu:26.04 docker.1ms.run/ubuntu:26.04 aaa@kylin-pc:~/par$ sudo docker run -itd -v /home/aaa/par:/par --network host --name ubuntu26 docker.1ms.run/ubuntu:26.04 02a7d7cc9cc5a1b4198db0f1b18e19f87a9112934aaa6986673964d7e3ee9237 aaa@kylin-pc:~/par$ sudo docker exec -it ubuntu26 bash然后用apt安装flatpak，依赖的库有约250个。中间要选择地区，选了上海。root@kylin-pc:/par# apt install flatpak Error: Unable to locate package flatpak root@kylin-pc:/par# apt update Get:1 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports resolute InRelease [136 kB] Get:2 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports resolute-updates InRelease [136 kB] Get:3 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports resolute-backports InRelease [136 kB] Get:4 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports resolute-security InRelease [136 kB] Get:5 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports resolute/universe arm64 Packages [19.9 MB] Get:6 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports resolute/multiverse arm64 Packages [298 kB] Get:7 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports resolute/restricted arm64 Packages [231 kB] Get:8 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports resolute/main arm64 Packages [1860 kB] Fetched 22.8 MB in 6s (3661 kB/s) 9 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them. root@kylin-pc:/par# apt install flatpak Installing: flatpak Installing dependencies: adduser hicolor-icon-theme libepoxy0 libjxl0.11 librsvg2-common libxcb-shm0 ... gtk-update-icon-cache libdv4t64 libjson-glib-1.0-common librsvg2-2 libxcb-render0 Suggested packages: liblocale-gettext-perl | libheif-plugin-kvazaar | libglu1 libvisual-0.4-plugins opus-tools python3-tk ... libheif-plugin-x265 libglu1-mesa krb5-user liblcms2-utils python3-doc Recommended packages: libpam-systemd polkitd Summary: Upgrading: 0, Installing: 245, Removing: 0, Not Upgrading: 9 Download size: 69.0 MB Space needed: 267 MB / 140 GB available Continue? [Y/n] ... Get:245 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports resolute/main arm64 p11-kit arm64 0.26.2-2 [154 kB] Fetched 69.0 MB in 1min 7s (1032 kB/s)