Qt系列：调用Edge浏览器示例

背景

需要解决以下几个问题

1. 政府项目新浏览器兼容老系统ActiveX控件，Qt WebEngineView没有直接的实现方案，需要利用Qt的ActiveX兼容模块与浏览器往返多次交互
2. Qt ActiveX未实现COM事件通知
3. 官方Win32示例存在滥用lambda函数的嫌疑，lambda函数多层嵌套，程序逻辑层次混乱，整个逻辑被揉成一垛。

官方示例代码

官方介绍文档在这里：https://learn.microsoft.com/microsoft-edge/webview2/get-started/win32。官方代码仓库在这里：GitHub - MicrosoftEdge/WebView2Samples: Microsoft Edge WebView2 samples

摘录一段lambda多层嵌套的代码，你们体会一下：

	CreateCoreWebView2EnvironmentWithOptions(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,Callback<ICoreWebView2CreateCoreWebView2EnvironmentCompletedHandler>([hWnd](HRESULT result, ICoreWebView2Environment* env) -> HRESULT {// Create a CoreWebView2Controller and get the associated CoreWebView2 whose parent is the main window hWndenv->CreateCoreWebView2Controller(hWnd, Callback<ICoreWebView2CreateCoreWebView2ControllerCompletedHandler>([hWnd](HRESULT result, ICoreWebView2Controller* controller) -> HRESULT {if (controller != nullptr) {webviewController = controller;webviewController->get_CoreWebView2(&webview);}// Add a few settings for the webview// The demo step is redundant since the values are the default settingswil::com_ptr<ICoreWebView2Settings> settings;webview->get_Settings(&settings);settings->put_IsScriptEnabled(TRUE);settings->put_AreDefaultScriptDialogsEnabled(TRUE);settings->put_IsWebMessageEnabled(TRUE);// Resize WebView to fit the bounds of the parent windowRECT bounds;GetClientRect(hWnd, &bounds);webviewController->put_Bounds(bounds);// Schedule an async task to navigate to Bingwebview->Navigate(L"https://www.bing.com/");// <NavigationEvents>// Step 4 - Navigation events// register an ICoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventHandler to cancel any non-https navigationEventRegistrationToken token;webview->add_NavigationStarting(Callback<ICoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventHandler>([](ICoreWebView2* webview, ICoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventArgs* args) -> HRESULT {wil::unique_cotaskmem_string uri;args->get_Uri(&uri);std::wstring source(uri.get());if (source.substr(0, 5) != L"https") {args->put_Cancel(true);}return S_OK;}).Get(), &token);// </NavigationEvents>// <Scripting>// Step 5 - Scripting// Schedule an async task to add initialization script that freezes the Object objectwebview->AddScriptToExecuteOnDocumentCreated(L"Object.freeze(Object);", nullptr);// Schedule an async task to get the document URLwebview->ExecuteScript(L"window.document.URL;", Callback<ICoreWebView2ExecuteScriptCompletedHandler>([](HRESULT errorCode, LPCWSTR resultObjectAsJson) -> HRESULT {LPCWSTR URL = resultObjectAsJson;//doSomethingWithURL(URL);return S_OK;}).Get());// </Scripting>// <CommunicationHostWeb>// Step 6 - Communication between host and web content// Set an event handler for the host to return received message back to the web contentwebview->add_WebMessageReceived(Callback<ICoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventHandler>([](ICoreWebView2* webview, ICoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventArgs* args) -> HRESULT {wil::unique_cotaskmem_string message;args->TryGetWebMessageAsString(&message);// processMessage(&message);webview->PostWebMessageAsString(message.get());return S_OK;}).Get(), &token);// Schedule an async task to add initialization script that// 1) Add an listener to print message from the host// 2) Post document URL to the hostwebview->AddScriptToExecuteOnDocumentCreated(L"window.chrome.webview.addEventListener(\'message\', event => alert(event.data));" \L"window.chrome.webview.postMessage(window.document.URL);",nullptr);// </CommunicationHostWeb>return S_OK;}).Get());return S_OK;}).Get());

解决方案

下面以实现自动登录外网网关为目标，企业微信自动上线，免开机输入账号密码。这样领导看到你上线，可以开机以后就可以慢慢吃早餐了。（开个玩笑）

本实现方案把官方示例代码做成了静态库，没有添加其它东西。

新建CMake项目

这里用到了Qt5静态库，目的是单文件可执行，不需要部署。需要静态库的读者可以自行删除。代码如下：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.21)
project(auto-online CXX)set(CMAKE_AUTOUIC ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTORCC ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)add_definitions(/D_UNICODE /DUNICODE)
add_compile_definitions(WIN32 _WINDOWS)add_compile_options(/utf-8 $<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,/MTd,/MT>)
link_directories($ENV{Qt5_DIR}/lib)
link_directories($ENV{Qt5_DIR}/plugins/platforms)
link_directories($ENV{Qt5_DIR}/plugins/imageformats)
link_libraries(UxTheme Winmm Version ws2_32 imm32 dwmapi)link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,Qt5FontDatabaseSupportd,Qt5FontDatabaseSupport>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,Qt5UiToolsd,Qt5UiTools>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,Qt5AccessibilitySupportd,Qt5AccessibilitySupport>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,Qt5EventDispatcherSupportd,Qt5EventDispatcherSupport>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,Qt5ThemeSupportd,Qt5ThemeSupport>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,Qt5UiToolsd,Qt5UiTools>)link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qtpcre2d,qtpcre2>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qtlibpngd,qtlibpng>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qtharfbuzzd,qtharfbuzz>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qtfreetyped,qtfreetype>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qwindowsd,qwindows>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qicnsd,qicns>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qtgad,qtga>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qtiffd,qtiff>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qwbmpd,qwbmp>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qtiffd,qtiff>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qwebpd,qwebp>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qgifd,qgif>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qjpegd,qjpeg>)
link_libraries($<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,qicod,qico>)message("-- Qt5_DIR: " $ENV{Qt5_DIR})
find_package(Qt5 COMPONENTS Core Gui Widgets Network REQUIRED)include_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/3rdparty/webview2loader/include)
include_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/3rdparty/wil/include)
link_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/3rdparty/webview2loader/lib)
link_libraries(Qt5::Core Qt5::Gui Qt5::Widgets Qt5::Network WebView2LoaderStatic)file(GLOB SRCS *.ui *.cpp *.h)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} WIN32 ${SRCS})
set_directory_properties(PROPERTIES VS_STARTUP_PROJECT ${PROJECT_NAME})
# 环境变量的路径不能带双引号
# message("VCINSTALLDIR: " $ENV{VCINSTALLDIR})
# find_file(VSPATH NAMES "vcruntime140d.dll" PATHS $ENV{VCINSTALLDIR}  REQUIRED NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
# file(TO_NATIVE_PATH ${VSPATH} VSPATH) 
#message("VC CRT PATH: " ${VSPATH})
# set(VSPATH $<IF:$<CONFIG:Debug>,$ENV{VCINSTALLDIR}/Redist/MSVC/14.29.30133/onecore/debug_nonredist/x64/Microsoft.VC142.DebugCRT,$ENV{VCINSTALLDIR}/Redist/MSVC/14.29.30133/x64/Microsoft.VC142.CRT> CACHE STRING "VCRT" FORCE)
# string(CONCAT VSPATH ${VSPATH} ";$ENV{Qt5_DIR}\\bin")set_target_properties(${PROJECT_NAME} PROPERTIESVS_DEBUGGER_WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}VS_DEBUGGER_ENVIRONMENT "Path=$ENV{Qt5_DIR}\\bin"WIN32_EXECUTABLE TRUE)

用Qt Designer设计一个简单的窗口类型

类型名字很简单，就是MainWindow。这个窗口仅启用了布局，没有添加任何控件。UI代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0"><class>MainWindow</class><widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow"><property name="geometry"><rect><x>0</x><y>0</y><width>800</width><height>600</height></rect></property><property name="windowTitle"><string>MainWindow</string></property><widget class="QWidget" name="central_widget"><layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="vl1"><property name="spacing"><number>0</number></property><property name="leftMargin"><number>0</number></property><property name="topMargin"><number>0</number></property><property name="rightMargin"><number>0</number></property><property name="bottomMargin"><number>0</number></property><item><widget class="QWidget" name="browser_widget" native="true"><layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="vl2"/></widget></item></layout></widget></widget><resources/><connections/>
</ui>

声明信号槽

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QThread>#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string>
#include <tchar.h>
#include "wrl.h"
#include "wil/com.h"
#include "WebView2.h"#define PROFILE_DATA "cw_webview2"namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{Q_OBJECTpublic:explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~MainWindow();void load_webview2(HWND hWnd);void task_run();HRESULT cb_create_environment(HWND, HRESULT, ICoreWebView2Environment *);HRESULT cb_create_controller(HWND, HRESULT, ICoreWebView2Controller *);HRESULT on_navigate_started(ICoreWebView2 *, ICoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventArgs *);HRESULT cb_execute_script(HRESULT, LPCWSTR);HRESULT on_webmessage_received(ICoreWebView2 *, ICoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventArgs *);HRESULT on_navigate_completed(ICoreWebView2*, ICoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs*);// HRESULT cb_deliver(HWND, HRESULT, ...);signals:void prepare();void load_auth_page();void put_name();void put_password();void click_login();void wait(int iminute);protected:void resizeEvent(QResizeEvent* evt) override;void closeEvent(QCloseEvent*) override;protected slots:void on_prepare();void on_load_auth_page();void on_put_name();void on_put_password();void on_click_login();void on_wait(int iminute);private:Ui::MainWindow *ui;// Pointer to WebViewControllerwil::com_ptr<ICoreWebView2Controller> m_controller;bool m_brunning = false;QThread* m_task;// Pointer to WebView windowwil::com_ptr<ICoreWebView2_15> m_webview;Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<ICoreWebView2ExecuteScriptCompletedHandler> js_cb;Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<ICoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventHandler> msg_cb;
};#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

在合适的时机填入账号密码

本来想做成弹框让用户输入账号密码，忽然发现这种做法对信息部门的同事不太友好，各位读者如有请自行修改。示例代码中的网关地址、用户名和密码是乱写的。

#include "MainWindow.h"
#include "ui_MainWindow.h"#include <QResizeEvent>
#include <QRect>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QStandardPaths>
#include <QDir>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QTimer>
#include <QApplication>using namespace Microsoft::WRL;MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :QMainWindow(parent),ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{ui->setupUi(this);load_webview2((HWND)ui->browser_widget->winId());setWindowTitle(u8"自动连接外网工具");connect(this, SIGNAL(prepare()), this, SLOT(on_prepare()), Qt::QueuedConnection);connect(this, SIGNAL(load_auth_page()), this, SLOT(on_load_auth_page()), Qt::QueuedConnection);connect(this, SIGNAL(put_name()), this, SLOT(on_put_name()), Qt::QueuedConnection);connect(this, SIGNAL(put_password()), this, SLOT(on_put_password()), Qt::QueuedConnection);connect(this, SIGNAL(click_login()), this, SLOT(on_click_login()), Qt::QueuedConnection);connect(this, SIGNAL(wait(int)), this, SLOT(on_wait(int)), Qt::QueuedConnection);
}MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{delete ui;
}HRESULT MainWindow::on_navigate_started(ICoreWebView2 *webview,ICoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventArgs *args)
{wil::unique_cotaskmem_string uri;args->get_Uri(&uri);QString zurl = QString::fromStdWString(uri.get());// std::wstring source(uri.get());// if (source.substr(0, 5) != L"https")// {//     args->put_Cancel(true);// }qInfo().noquote() << "navigate: " << zurl;return S_OK;
}HRESULT MainWindow::cb_execute_script(HRESULT errorCode, LPCWSTR resultObjectAsJson)
{LPCWSTR URL = resultObjectAsJson;//doSomethingWithURL(URL);qInfo() << "executed javascript.";return S_OK;
}HRESULT MainWindow::on_webmessage_received(ICoreWebView2 *webview,ICoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventArgs *args)
{wil::unique_cotaskmem_string message;args->TryGetWebMessageAsString(&message);// processMessage(&message);//webview->PostWebMessageAsString(message.get());QString zmsg = QString::fromStdWString(message.get());qInfo().noquote() << "message: " << zmsg;return S_OK;
}HRESULT MainWindow::on_navigate_completed(ICoreWebView2 *webview,ICoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventArgs *args)
{BOOL bsuccess;COREWEBVIEW2_WEB_ERROR_STATUS ierror;args->get_IsSuccess(&bsuccess);args->get_WebErrorStatus(&ierror);LPWSTR lpuri;webview->get_Source(&lpuri);QString zuri = QString::fromStdWString(lpuri);qInfo().noquote() << "complate : " << bsuccess << ", " << ierror << ", " << zuri;return S_OK;
}void MainWindow::resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *evt)
{if (!m_controller)return;RECT rc;QRect qrc =  ui->browser_widget->rect();rc.left = qrc.left();rc.top = qrc.top();rc.right = qrc.right();rc.bottom = qrc.bottom();m_controller->put_Bounds(rc);
}void MainWindow::closeEvent(QCloseEvent *)
{m_brunning = false;m_task->terminate();QThread::sleep(1);m_task->deleteLater();m_task = nullptr;
}void MainWindow::on_prepare()
{if (!m_webview)return;m_webview->NavigateToString(L"Preparing...");
}void MainWindow::on_load_auth_page()
{if (!m_webview)return;m_webview->Navigate(L"http://1.1.1.3/ac_portal/default/pc.html?tabs=pwd");qInfo() << "begin load auth page";
}void MainWindow::on_put_name()
{if (!m_webview)return;m_webview->ExecuteScript(L"$('#password_name').val('test1');""window.chrome.webview.postMessage('put name ok.');",js_cb.Get());
}void MainWindow::on_put_password()
{if (!m_webview)return;m_webview->ExecuteScript(L"$('#password_pwd').val('123456');""window.chrome.webview.postMessage('put password ok.');",js_cb.Get());
}void MainWindow::on_click_login()
{if (!m_webview)return;m_webview->ExecuteScript(L"$('#password_submitBtn').click();""window.chrome.webview.postMessage('click login ok.');",js_cb.Get());
}void MainWindow::on_wait(int iminute)
{QString zhtml = QString("Already wairted %1 minutes.").arg(iminute);if (!m_webview)return;m_webview->NavigateToString(zhtml.toStdWString().c_str());
}HRESULT MainWindow::cb_create_controller(HWND hWnd, HRESULT result,ICoreWebView2Controller *controller)
{if (!controller)return E_POINTER;m_controller = controller;wil::com_ptr<ICoreWebView2> webview;HRESULT ir =  m_controller->get_CoreWebView2(&webview);if (FAILED(ir))return ir;ir = webview->QueryInterface(IID_ICoreWebView2_15, (void **)&m_webview);if (FAILED(ir))return ir;// Add a few settings for the webview// The demo step is redundant since the values are the default settingswil::com_ptr<ICoreWebView2Settings> settings;m_webview->get_Settings(&settings);settings->put_IsScriptEnabled(TRUE);settings->put_AreDefaultScriptDialogsEnabled(TRUE);settings->put_IsWebMessageEnabled(TRUE);// Resize WebView to fit the bounds of the parent windowRECT bounds;GetClientRect(hWnd, &bounds);m_controller->put_Bounds(bounds);m_webview->NavigateToString(L"Preparing...");// <NavigationEvents>// Step 4 - Navigation events// register an ICoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventHandler to cancel any non-https navigationEventRegistrationToken token;auto nav_func = std::bind(&MainWindow::on_navigate_started, this, std::placeholders::_1,std::placeholders::_2);auto nav_cb = Callback<ICoreWebView2NavigationStartingEventHandler>(nav_func);m_webview->add_NavigationStarting(nav_cb.Get(), &token);auto com_func = std::bind(&MainWindow::on_navigate_completed, this, std::placeholders::_1,std::placeholders::_2);auto com_cb = Callback<ICoreWebView2NavigationCompletedEventHandler>(com_func);m_webview->add_NavigationCompleted(com_cb.Get(), &token);// </NavigationEvents>// <Scripting>// Step 5 - Scripting// Schedule an async task to add initialization script that freezes the Object object// 注入脚本//webview->AddScriptToExecuteOnDocumentCreated(L"Object.freeze(Object);", nullptr);// Schedule an async task to get the document URLauto js_func = std::bind(&MainWindow::cb_execute_script, this, std::placeholders::_1,std::placeholders::_2);js_cb = Callback<ICoreWebView2ExecuteScriptCompletedHandler>(js_func);//webview->ExecuteScript(L"window.document.URL;", js_cb.Get());// </Scripting>// <CommunicationHostWeb>// Step 6 - Communication between host and web content// Set an event handler for the host to return received message back to the web contentauto msg_func = std::bind(&MainWindow::on_webmessage_received, this, std::placeholders::_1,std::placeholders::_2);msg_cb = Callback<ICoreWebView2WebMessageReceivedEventHandler>(msg_func);m_webview->add_WebMessageReceived(msg_cb.Get(), &token);// Schedule an async task to add initialization script that// 1) Add an listener to print message from the host// 2) Post document URL to the host// 注入脚本//webview->AddScriptToExecuteOnDocumentCreated(//    L"window.chrome.webview.addEventListener(\'message\', event => alert(event.data));" \//    L"window.chrome.webview.postMessage(window.document.URL);",//    nullptr);// </CommunicationHostWeb>m_task = QThread::create(&MainWindow::task_run, this);m_task->setParent(this);m_task->start();return S_OK;
}void MainWindow::load_webview2(HWND hWnd)
{MainWindow *obj = this;auto func = &MainWindow::cb_create_environment;auto fn = [hWnd, obj, func](HRESULT result, ICoreWebView2Environment * env)->HRESULT{return (obj->*func)(hWnd, result, env);};auto cb = Callback<ICoreWebView2CreateCoreWebView2EnvironmentCompletedHandler>(fn);QDir d(QStandardPaths::writableLocation(QStandardPaths::TempLocation));auto ztemp = d.absoluteFilePath(PROFILE_DATA).toStdWString();HRESULT ir = CreateCoreWebView2EnvironmentWithOptions(nullptr, ztemp.c_str(), nullptr, cb.Get());if (FAILED(ir)){qCritical() << "create webview2 failed. code: " << ir;QTimer::singleShot(3000, [](){QApplication::quit();_Exit(1);});QMessageBox::warning(this,windowTitle(),u8"严重错误。程序即将退出。\n""请检查Microsoft Edge WebView2 Runtime是否存在。\n");}
}void MainWindow::task_run()
{if (!m_controller || !m_webview)return;m_brunning = true;while (m_brunning){emit on_prepare();QThread::sleep(3);if (!m_brunning)break;emit load_auth_page();QThread::sleep(10);if (!m_brunning)break;emit put_name();QThread::sleep(3);if (!m_brunning)break;emit put_password();QThread::sleep(3);if (!m_brunning)break;emit click_login();for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){QThread::sleep(60);if (!m_brunning)break;emit wait(i + 1);}}
}HRESULT MainWindow::cb_create_environment(HWND hWnd, HRESULT result, ICoreWebView2Environment *env)
{MainWindow *obj = this;auto func = &MainWindow::cb_create_controller;auto fn = [hWnd, obj, func](HRESULT result, ICoreWebView2Controller * controller)->HRESULT{return (obj->*func)(hWnd, result, controller);};// Create a CoreWebView2Controller and get the associated CoreWebView2 whose parent is the main window hWndauto cb = Callback<ICoreWebView2CreateCoreWebView2ControllerCompletedHandler>(fn);HRESULT hr = env->CreateCoreWebView2Controller(hWnd, cb.Get());return hr;
}

免责声明

此代码仅供技术研究娱乐之用，禁止用于商业用途，否则一切后果自负。

作者：岬淢箫声

岬淢箫声的博客_CSDN博客-C/C++,MFC/VC,桌面H5领域博主https://caowei.blog.csdn.net/

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