Oracle的控制文件多路复用，控制文件备份，控制文件手工恢复

一.配置控制文件多路复用 

 1.查询Oracle的控制文件所在位置

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl

 spfile多路复用控制文件

2.修改control_files参数：

SQL> alter system set 
control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control05.ctl' 
scope=spfile;

3.关闭数据库 

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down

 4. 进行文件拷贝（必须在数据库关闭下复制文件）

[oracle@cz ~]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl
[oracle@cz ~]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl
[oracle@cz ~]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control05.ctl

5. 连接数据库 

[oracle@cz ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

6. 启动数据库

SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1169149952 bytes
Fixed Size		    2252624 bytes
Variable Size		  738197680 bytes
Database Buffers	  419430400 bytes
Redo Buffers		    9269248 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

 7.查询控制文件信息

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control05.ctl

二.控制文件的损坏模拟与重建