ubuntu22.04新机使用（换源，下载软件，安装显卡驱动，锁屏长亮）

换源

国内有很多Ubuntu的镜像源，包括阿里的、网易的，还有很多教育网的源，比如：清华源、中科大源。推荐使用中科大源，快得很。

/etc/apt/sources.list

编辑/etc/apt/sources.list文件, 在文件最前面添加以下条目(操作前请做好相应备份)：
中科大源

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

然后执行命令：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

其他几份国内源如下，可按需添加：
清华源：

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

阿里源：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

网易163源：

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

星火商店

使用linux不方便的一点是软件的下载，需要软件的linux版本，可以去软件的官网找到linux版本下载，推荐直接使用星火商店下载，十分方便。星火商店官网：https://spark-app.store/

选择软件本体下载，换源后可以安装软件本体可以自动安装依赖：

点击开始下载，选择第一个下载：

使用apt下载：

sudo apt install ./xxxx.deb

安装成功后可选择自己需要的应用下载，十分方便：

安装显卡驱动

1.官网下载驱动

根据自己显卡选择驱动，官网地址：https://www.nvidia.cn/Download/index.aspx?lang=cn#
下载后放到英文路径下，中文容易乱码。

2.关闭secure boot

查看secure boot

mokutil --sb-state

如果是enabled，开机时进入bios将secure boot调整为disabled。

3.更新软件列表和安装必要软件、依赖

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install g++
sudo apt-get install gcc
sudo apt-get install make

4.禁用默认驱动

在安装NVIDIA驱动以前需要禁止系统自带显卡驱动nouveau。

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

在打开文件的末尾添加：

blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0

最后更新一下系统的initramfs镜像文件：

sudo update-initramfs -u

重启，lsmod没有输出的话就说明禁用了nouveau。

lsmod | grep nouveau

5.进入tty模式

sudo telinit 3

输入用户名和密码登录。

禁用X-window服务：

sudo service gdm3 stop

6.给下载的驱动文件权限，安装驱动

sudo chmod 777 NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-535.129.03.run 
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-535.129.03.run –no-opengl-files -no-x-check

7.安装选项：

这两个问题选No，其他的选accept，continue install，yes等正面词汇。

• Would you like to register the kernel module souces with DKMS? This will allow DKMS to automatically build a new module, if you install a different kernel later? No
• Nvidia’s 32-bit compatibility libraries? No

8.启动图形界面

sudo service gdm3 start

9.查看驱动

nvidia-smi

屏幕的分辨率可以调整了：

锁屏长亮

长按window键 + L 即可常亮锁屏。短按就是取消常亮锁屏