使用 YoctoProject集成Qt6

By Toradex胡珊逢

在嵌入式领域中Qt 作为普遍选择的 UI 方案目前已经发布 Qt6 版本。本文将介绍如何为 Toradex 的计算机模块使用 Yocto Project 将 Qt6 集成到镜像里。

首先根据这里的说明，准备好Yocto Project 的编译环境。这里我们选择 Toradex 最新的 Linux BSP V6 为例，其基于 kirkstone 分支，这也是一个 LTS 版本。

进入layers 目录，使用下面命令下载 Qt6.4.3 版本的 meta-qt6 文件。

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git clone -b 6.4.3 git://code.qt.io/yocto/meta-qt6.git

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在meta-qt6/classes/ 目录下创建 populate_sdk_qt6.bbclass 文件。

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SUMMARY = "Meta package for building an installable Qt6 toolchain and SDK"

inherit populate_sdk populate_sdk_qt6_base

TOOLCHAIN_HOST_TASK:append = " nativesdk-packagegroup-qt6-toolchain-host"

TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK:append = " packagegroup-qt6-modules"

FEATURE_PACKAGES_qtcreator-debug = "packagegroup-qt6-qtcreator-debug"

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在meta-qt6/recipes-qt/packagegroups/ 目录下创建 packagegroup-qt6-qtcreator-debug.bb 文件。

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SUMMARY = "Remote debugging tools for QtCreator integration"

LICENSE = "MIT"

inherit packagegroup

# Override by distro if needed

VIRTUAL-RUNTIME_qtcreator-debug-ssh-daemon ?= "openssh-sshd"

RDEPENDS:${PN} = " \

gdbserver \

${VIRTUAL-RUNTIME_qtcreator-debug-ssh-daemon} \

openssh-sftp-server \

qtdeclarative \

"

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在meta-toradex-demos/recipes-images/images/ 目录下创建 packagegroup-tdx-qt6.bb 文件。

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SUMMARY = "Packagegroup which provides most QT6 libraries and a QT6 demo"

PACKAGE_ARCH = "${MACHINE_ARCH}"

inherit packagegroup

PROVIDES = "${PACKAGES}"

PACKAGES += " \

${PN}-fonts \

${PN}-libs \

"

RRECOMMENDS:${PN} = " \

${PN}-fonts \

${PN}-libs \

"

SUMMARY:${PN}-fonts = "Some fonts useful for QT5"

RRECOMMENDS:${PN}-fonts = " \

ttf-dejavu-common \

ttf-dejavu-sans \

ttf-dejavu-sans-mono \

ttf-dejavu-serif \

"

SUMMARY:${PN}-libs = "QT5 libraries"

RRECOMMENDS:${PN}-libs = " \

qt3d \

qtbase \

qtcharts \

qtcoap \

qtconnectivity \

qtdatavis3d \

qtdeclarative \

qtimageformats \

qtlottie \

qtmqtt \

qtmultimedia \

qtnetworkauth \

qtopcua \

qtquick3d \

qtquicktimeline \

qtremoteobjects \

qtscxml \

qtsensors \

qtserialbus \

qtserialport \

qtsvg \

qttools \

qttranslations \

qtvirtualkeyboard \

${@bb.utils.contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'wayland', 'qtwayland', '', d)} \

qtwebchannel \

qtwebsockets \

"

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在meta-toradex-demos/recipes-images/images/ 目录下创建 tdx-reference-multimedia-qt6-image.bb 文件。

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require tdx-reference-minimal-image.bb

SUMMARY = "Toradex Embedded Linux Reference Multimedia Image"

DESCRIPTION = "Image for BSP verification with QT and multimedia features"

inherit populate_sdk_qt6

#Prefix to the resulting deployable tarball name

export IMAGE_BASENAME = "Reference-Multimedia-Image"

IMAGE_FEATURES += " \

${@bb.utils.contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'wayland', 'weston', \

bb.utils.contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'x11', 'x11-base', '', d), d)} \

"

IMAGE_INSTALL += " \

packagegroup-tdx-cli \

packagegroup-tdx-graphical \

packagegroup-tdx-qt6 \

packagegroup-fsl-isp \

\

bash \

coreutils \

less \

makedevs \

mime-support \

net-tools \

util-linux \

v4l-utils \

\

gpicview \

media-files \

"

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在build/conf/bblayers.conf 将 meta-qt6 添加进来，并移除原来的 meta-qt5。

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# LAYER_CONF_VERSION is increased each time build/conf/bblayers.conf

# changes incompatibly

LCONF_VERSION = "7"

BBPATH = "${TOPDIR}"

BBFILES ?= ""

BBLAYERS ?= " \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-nxp \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-freescale \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-freescale-3rdparty \

\

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-bsp-common \

\

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-oe \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-filesystems \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-gnome \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-xfce \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-networking \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-multimedia \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-python \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-freescale-distro \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-demos \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-qt5 \

\

\

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-distro \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-yocto/meta-poky \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/openembedded-core/meta \

"

#${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-qt5

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build/conf/local.conf 添加下面两个配比，移除 X11 和 directfb 相关配置。

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DISTRO_FEATURES:remove = " directfb x11"

IMAGE_INSTALL:remove = " gpicview"

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最后使用bitbake 命令即可编译包含 Qt6 的镜像和 SDK。