vue-h5:在h5中实现相机拍照加上身份证人相框和国徽框

方案1：排出来照片太糊了，效果不好

1.基础功能

参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45148022/article/details/135696629

https://juejin.cn/post/7327353533618978842?searchId=20241101133433B2BB37A081FD6A02DA60

https://www.freesion.com/article/67641324321/

https://github.com/AlexKratky/vue-camera-lib

效果：

调用组件的

主要组件方法：openCamera,closeCamera

Upload.vue组件

<template><div id="cameraContainer"><div ref="takePhotoDiv" class="take-photo" style="display: none"><video ref="video"  id="video-fix" :width="width" :height="height" autoplay   webkit-playsinline playsinline></video><div class="frame-container"><div class="mask" >
<!--                  头像页图标--><img v-if="props.currPhotoType=='head'" class="img-head" src="../assets/image/idcard1.svg">
<!--                  国徽页图标--><img v-if="props.currPhotoType=='mark'" class="img-mark" src="../assets/image/idcard2.svg"><div class="tips">请将{{props.currPhotoType=='head'?'身份证人像面':'身份证国徽面'}}完全置于取景框内</div></div></div></div>
<!--      拍照按钮--><div id="captureButton"  @click="takePhoto"><div class="cap-inner"></div></div></div><canvas ref="canvas" style="display: none"></canvas><img ref="photo" id="photo" alt="入职文件" style="display: none" /></template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { showToast } from "vant/lib/toast";
import { nextTick, onMounted, ref,inject } from "vue";
import {base64ToBlob, base64ToFile, putFile} from "@/common/services/OSSFile.ts";
import {FileUploadType} from "@/common/enum/FileUploadType.ts";
import {ElLoading} from "element-plus";
const props=defineProps({currPhotoType:String
})
const emit=defineEmits(['okUploadImg'])
const video = ref<HTMLVideoElement | null>(null);
// const frame = ref<HTMLDivElement | null>(null);
const photo = ref<HTMLImageElement | null>(null);
const canvas = ref<HTMLCanvasElement | null>(null);
const mediaStream = ref<any>();
const takePhotoDiv = ref<HTMLDivElement | null>(null);const width=ref()
const height=ref()
onMounted(()=>{//设置摄像头宽高width.value=window.innerHeightheight.value=window.innerWidth})const getVideoMedia = () => {if (video.value) {// ----------兼容性代码------------// 老的浏览器可能根本没有实现 mediaDevices，所以我们可以先设置一个空的对象if (navigator.mediaDevices === undefined) {navigator.mediaDevices = {};}// 一些浏览器部分支持 mediaDevices。我们不能直接给对象设置 getUserMedia
// 因为这样可能会覆盖已有的属性。这里我们只会在没有 getUserMedia 属性的时候添加它。if (navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia === undefined) {navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia = function (constraints) {// 首先，如果有 getUserMedia 的话，就获得它var getUserMedia =navigator.webkitGetUserMedia || navigator.mozGetUserMedia;// 一些浏览器根本没实现它 - 那么就返回一个 error 到 promise 的 reject 来保持一个统一的接口if (!getUserMedia) {return Promise.reject(new Error("getUserMedia is not implemented in this browser"),);}// 否则，为老的 navigator.getUserMedia 方法包裹一个 Promisereturn new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {getUserMedia.call(navigator, constraints, resolve, reject);});};}// ----------兼容性代码------------// 获取用户媒体设备权限navigator.mediaDevices// 强制使用后置摄像头.getUserMedia({ video: { facingMode: { exact: "environment" } }, audio: false })//前置// .getUserMedia({ video: true, audio: false }).then((stream) => {// if (video.value) {//     video.value.srcObject = stream;//     mediaStream.value = stream;// }//兼容性写法if ("srcObject" in video.value) {video.value.srcObject = stream;} else {// 防止在新的浏览器里使用它，应为它已经不再支持了video.value.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(stream);}video.value.onloadedmetadata = function (e) {video.value.play();};}).catch((error) => {console.error("获取相机权限失败:", error);showToast('获取相机权限失败');});}
}const takePhoto = () => {nextTick(async () => {console.log(video.value)if (canvas.value && video.value && photo.value) {const context = canvas.value.getContext("2d");// 设置画布尺寸与取景框相同canvas.value.width = video.value.videoWidth;canvas.value.height = video.value.videoHeight;// 绘制取景框内的画面到画布if (context) {context.drawImage(video.value, 0, 0);// 将画布内容转为图片并显示photo.value.src = canvas.value.toDataURL();photo.value.style.display = "block";// 关闭videoconsole.log('video', video.value);video.value.pause();// 关闭摄像头mediaStream.value?.getTracks().forEach((track: any) => track.stop());video.value=null}}console.log(photo.value)// console.log(photo.value.src)   将文件流传给后台上传，下列代码根据实际情况自定let file:any=photo.value.srclet idtype=props.currPhotoType=='head'?FileUploadType.BIZ_TYPE_IDCARD2:FileUploadType.BIZ_TYPE_IDCARD1//文件名：时间戳+1000以内的随机数let  fileName=new Date().getTime()+ Math.floor(Math.random()*1000)+'.jpg'const loadingInstance = ElLoading.service({ fullscreen: true, background: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.1)', text: '请求中...' });let data = await putFile(fileName,idtype, base64ToFile(file,fileName));if(data){loadingInstance.close()sendValue({file:file,type:props.currPhotoType,url:data})showToast('上传成功！')emit('okUploadImg',{status:1})}else{loadingInstance.close()showToast('上传失败！')emit('okUploadImg',{status:2})}})
}const passValue:any = inject("getIdFile")
//3.孙组件在函数中调用爷爷传递过来的函数,并在()中传递要传递的数据
const sendValue = (file) => {passValue(file)
}
//4.调用这个函数（也可以使用点击事件等方式触发）//关闭相机
const closeCamera=()=>{// 关闭摄像头mediaStream.value?.getTracks().forEach((track: any) => track.stop());video.value=null
}
//dakai相机
const openCamera=()=>{console.log('打开相机')//打开相机if (takePhotoDiv.value) {takePhotoDiv.value.style.display = 'block'getVideoMedia()}
}defineExpose({openCamera,closeCamera
})
</script>
<style scoped lang="less"></style>

#cameraContainer {position: relative;//width: 324px;//height: 216px;width:100vw;height: 100vh;background: #000;overflow: hidden;.take-photo{//height:85.6*6px;//width: 53.98*6px;height: 70%;width: 90%;overflow: hidden;background: #000;position: absolute;top: 50%;left: 50%;transform: translate(-50%, -50%) ;}#video-fix{position: absolute;top: 50%;left: 50%;//transform: translate(-50%, -50%) rotate(90deg);transform: translate(-50%, -50%);}
}#video {object-fit: cover;}.frame-container {position: absolute;top: 0;left: 0;width: 100%;height: 100%;
}.mask {position: absolute;height:85.6*5px;width: 53.98*5px;border: 1px solid #fdfdfd;border-radius: 5px;top: 50%;left: 50%;transform: translate(-50%, -50%);.img-head{position: absolute;bottom: 4.5%;right: 13.7%;height: 28%;width: 53%;transform: rotate(90deg);}.img-mark{position: absolute;top:7%;right: 9%;width: 37%;height: 22.5%;transform: rotate(90deg);}.tips{position: absolute;left: -50%;top: 50%;color: #fff;transform: rotate(90deg);font-size: 14px;background: #555657;border-radius: 5px;}}#frame {position: absolute;top: 50%;left: 50%;transform: translate(-50%, -50%);width: 200px;height: 90px;z-index: 10;background-color: transparent;
}#photo {display: none;}
#captureButton{width: 100px;height: 100px;border-radius: 50%;background: #ffffff;position: absolute;bottom: 50px;left: 50%;transform: translateX(-50%);display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;.cap-inner{background: #fff;width: 85%;height: 85%;border-radius: 50%;border: 3px solid #000;}
}

base64转文件流

/*** @description: Base64 转 File* @param {string} base64 base64格式的字符串* @param {string} fileName 文件名* @return {File}*/
export const base64ToFile = (base64: string, fileName: string): File => {const arr: string[] = base64.split(',');const type = (arr[0].match(/:(.*?);/) as string[])[1];const bstr = atob(arr[1]);let n = bstr.length;const u8arr = new Uint8Array(n);while (n--) {u8arr[n] = bstr.charCodeAt(n);}return new File([u8arr], fileName, { type });
};

调用组件：

<script setup lang="ts">
import {onMounted, ref} from "vue";
import Upload from "@/components/Upload.vue";const props=defineProps({currPhotoType:String
})
const _show=ref(false)
const uploadRef=ref()const goBack =()=> {// window.history.back() // 删掉van-popup打开时添加的history_show.value = false//关闭相机uploadRef.value.closeCamera()
}const openModal=()=>{_show.value=truesetTimeout(()=>{//打开相机uploadRef.value.openCamera()},500)}
onMounted(()=>{})const  okUpload=(e)=>{if(e.status==1){//上传成功,关闭弹框,关闭相机goBack()}if(e.status==2){//上传失败,关闭弹框,关闭相机goBack()}
}defineExpose({openModal
})
</script><template>
<!--全屏弹框组件--><!--  @close="selectProjectCloseHandler"   @open="selectProjectOpenHandler"--><van-popup v-model:show="_show"    :overlay="false"  position="bottom" :style="{ width: '100%', height: '100%'}"><div class="header"><van-nav-bar class="title" left-arrow title="身份证头像页上传" :safe-area-inset-top="true" :fixed="true"@click-left="goBack" /></div><div style="color: red">{{props}}</div><Upload  ref="uploadRef" @okUploadImg="okUpload" :currPhotoType="props.currPhotoType"></Upload></van-popup>
</template><style scoped lang="less"></style>

2.问题及方案

2.1 ios游览器打开video相机默认是全屏的

安卓可以正常用video打开相机，ios有问题,打开时全屏的。

在iOS端的Web控件上使用video标签播放视频时，视频会自动全屏播放。

解决方案
ios端video标签必须加webkit-playsinline、playsinline属性。

android端部分视频也会存在自动全屏问题，添加webkit-playsinline属性。

 <video ref="video"  id="video-fix" :width="width" :height="height" autoplay   webkit-playsinline playsinline></video>

2.2 拍出来的图片角度有问题

拍出来图片是顺时针旋转了90度，所以需要在canvas中给图片转正
下面是一个旋转的demo

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">function drawBeauty(beauty){var mycv = document.getElementById("cv");  var myctx = mycv.getContext("2d");myctx.translate(beauty.width / 2, beauty.height / 2);//调整这里90*3 旋转至正确角度myctx.rotate(((90+90*3) * Math.PI) / 180);myctx.drawImage(beauty, -beauty.width / 2, -beauty.height / 2);}function load(){var beauty = new Image();  //获取本题图片beauty.src = "./asset/WechatIMG134.jpg"; if(beauty.complete){drawBeauty(beauty);}else{beauty.onload = function(){drawBeauty(beauty);};beauty.onerror = function(){window.alert('美女加载失败，请重试');};};   }//loadif (document.all) {window.attachEvent('onload', load);  }else {  window.addEventListener('load', load, false);}</script><canvas id="cv"  width="600" height="300" style="border:1px solid #ccc;margin:20px auto;display: block;">当前浏览器不支持canvas<!-- 如果浏览器支持canvas，则canvas标签里的内容不会显示出来 -->
</canvas>
</body>
</html>

参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30100043/article/details/106355667
https://www.cnblogs.com/html5test/archive/2012/03/01/2375558.html
https://jelly.jd.com/article/6006b1045b6c6a01506c87e6
https://www.cnblogs.com/Joe-and-Joan/p/10957818.html

2.3 拍出来的照片默认是640*480 ，照片不清晰

简而言之：video宽高要设置成 4:3或16:9才行,这里我设置成了1280*720

<video ref="video"  id="video-fix" width="1280" height="720" autoplay   webkit-playsinline playsinline></video>
<canvas ref="canvas" style="display: none" width="1280" height="720"></canvas>

   var constraints = {audio: false,video: {width: { min: 1280, max: 1560 }, height: { min: 720, max: 1440 },facingMode: { exact: "environment" }//设置后置,注释掉就是前置}};navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia(constraints).then(gotStream).catch(handleError)

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15849724/capture-high-resolution-video-image-html5

2.4 本地local能打开电脑前置，不是最终效果

2.5 部分手机打开相机默认是放大的

设置焦距：
https://www.dynamsoft.com/codepool/camera-zoom-control-on-web.html
https://github.com/webrtc/samples/blob/gh-pages/src/content/getusermedia/pan-tilt-zoom/js/main.js

方案2： 最终方案

本方案参考： https://juejin.cn/post/6955036353931247629
本文博主是用react写的，有源码但是本地启动不了，在方案1的基础上对其代码进行简单改写为vue3版本