RabbitMQ(四)

SpringBoot整合

1、生产者工程

①创建module

②配置POM

添加如下依赖：

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId></dependency>
</dependencies>

③YAML

spring: rabbitmq: host: 192.168.xxx.xxxport: 5672 username: guest password: 123456 virtual-host: /

④主启动类

package com.xxx.mq;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;/*** @ClassName: RabbitMQProducerMainType* @Package: com.xxx.mq* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/@SpringBootApplication
public class RabbitMQProducerMainType {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(RabbitMQProducerMainType.class, args);}}

⑤测试程序

在src目录下的test目录内新建测试类：

package com.xxx.mq.test;import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;/*** @ClassName: RabbitMQTest* @Package: com.xxx.mq.test* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitMQTest {public static final String EXCHANGE_DIRECT = "exchange.direct.order";public static final String ROUTING_KEY = "order";@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Testpublic void test01SendMessage() {rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE_DIRECT, ROUTING_KEY, "Hello Rabbit!SpringBoot!");}}

2、消费者工程

①创建module

②配置POM

添加如下依赖：

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency></dependencies>

③YAML

增加日志打印的配置：

新建名为application的yml文件。

文件内配置：

spring:rabbitmq:host: 192.168.xxx.xxxport: 5672username: guestpassword: 123456virtual-host: /
logging:level:com.xxx.mq.listener.MyMessageListener: info

将host修改为自己的地址。

④主启动类

package com.xxx.mq;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;/*** @ClassName: RabbitMQConsumerMainType* @Package: com.xxx.mq* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/@SpringBootApplication
public class RabbitMQConsumerMainType {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(RabbitMQConsumerMainType.class, args);}}

⑤监听器

新建子包listener，并编写监听类：

package com.xxx.mq.listener;import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** @ClassName: MyMessageListener* @Package: com.xxx.mq.listener* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/@Component
@Slf4j
public class MyMessageListener {public static final String EXCHANGE_DIRECT = "exchange.direct.order";public static final String ROUTING_KEY = "order";public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue.order";//    写法一：监听 + 在 RabbitMQ 服务器上创建交换机、队列@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue(value = QUEUE_NAME, durable = "true"),exchange = @Exchange(value = EXCHANGE_DIRECT),key = {ROUTING_KEY}))
//    写法二：监听
//    @RabbitListener(queues = {QUEUE_NAME})public void processMessage(String dataString, Message message, Channel channel) {log.info("消费端接收到了消息：" + dataString);}
}

3、@RabbitListener注解属性对比

①bindings属性

• 表面作用：
  • 指定交换机和队列之间的绑定关系
  • 指定当前方法要监听的队列
• 隐藏效果：如果RabbitMQ服务器上没有这里指定的交换机和队列，那么框架底层的代码会创建它们

②queues属性

@RabbitListener(queues = {QUEUE_TEST})

• 作用：指定当前方法要监听的队列
• 注意：此时框架不会创建相关交换机和队列，必须提前创建好

先启动生产者端代码，此时会立即执行完成。然后执行消费者端代码，等待消息。
在生产者端module下的test内有创建好的测试代码，执行test01SendMessage测试方法，结果如图所示：


可以看到收到了生产者测试代码中的消息。前面的报错是因为我先启动了消费者端代码，此时找不到对应的交换机以及消息队列，当启动生产者端代码后就不会报错了，可以正确的接收到消息。