安装IK分词器；IK分词器配置扩展词库：配置扩展字典-扩展词，配置扩展停止词字典-停用词

本文 ElasticSearch 版本为：7.17.9，为了对应 spring-boot-starter-parent 的 2.7.9 版本

安装IK分词器

官网资源：IK Analyzer GitHub 页面

IK分词器 下载地址：https://release.infinilabs.com/analysis-ik/stable/，下载与 ES 对应的 IK分词器 版本

然后解压下载的 zip 文件，不要直接解压到本文件夹下，里面直接就是所有文件，选择解压到 XXX 文件夹即可。

解压好的文件放在 ElasticSearch 目录下的 plugins 文件夹下重启 ES 即可使用（Windows和Linux同理）

IK分词配置扩展词库

IK分词器 不是 ElasticSearch 自带的分词器，需要用户自己全装。一般是安装在 ElasticSearch 的 plugins 文件夹中的，要扩展 IK分词器 的词库，只需要修改 IK分词器 目录中的 config 目录中的 IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml 文件：

默认配置文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE properties SYSTEM "http://java.sun.com/dtd/properties.dtd">
<properties><comment>IK Analyzer 扩展配置</comment><!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展字典 --><entry key="ext_dict"></entry><!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展停止词字典--><entry key="ext_stopwords"></entry><!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展字典 --><!-- <entry key="remote_ext_dict">words_location</entry> --><!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展停止词字典--><!-- <entry key="remote_ext_stopwords">words_location</entry> -->
</properties>

需要我们指定自己的字典文件名去进行扩展，如：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE properties SYSTEM "http://java.sun.com/dtd/properties.dtd">
<properties><comment>IK Analyzer 扩展配置</comment><!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展字典 --><entry key="ext_dict">dict.dic</entry><!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展停止词字典--><entry key="ext_stopwords">stopwords.dic</entry><!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展字典 --><!-- <entry key="remote_ext_dict">words_location</entry> --><!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展停止词字典--><!-- <entry key="remote_ext_stopwords">words_location</entry> -->
</properties>

修改配置之后，这两个配置的文件也要去对应的新建，与 IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml 文件平级即可

配置好之后，重启 ElasticSearch 即可生效。

配置扩展字典-扩展词

新增 dict.dic 文件，配置如下：

搬砖
画大饼
已读不回
舔狗
摆烂

配置停止词字典-停用词

在已有的 stopword.dic 文件配置停用词，配置之后，这些词不会被解析出来：

测试

配置字典前

使用 ElasticSearch 的可视化界面 Kibana 的调试工具 Dev Tools 调用解析接口测试：

# `IK Analyzer` 扩展字典。
POST /_analyze
{"analyzer": "ik_smart","text": "小明是一个Java程序员，白天摸鱼学习ElasticSearch，晚上加班到九点，搬砖完之后，去找他的女神画大饼，女神却已读不回，小明认清自己是个舔狗，直接摆烂，吸食海洛因"
}

解析结果：

#! Elasticsearch built-in security features are not enabled. Without authentication, your cluster could be accessible to anyone. See https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.17/security-minimal-setup.html to enable security.
{"tokens" : [{"token" : "小明","start_offset" : 0,"end_offset" : 2,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 0},{"token" : "是","start_offset" : 2,"end_offset" : 3,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 1},{"token" : "一个","start_offset" : 3,"end_offset" : 5,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 2},{"token" : "java","start_offset" : 5,"end_offset" : 9,"type" : "ENGLISH","position" : 3},{"token" : "程序员","start_offset" : 9,"end_offset" : 12,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 4},{"token" : "白天","start_offset" : 13,"end_offset" : 15,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 5},{"token" : "摸鱼","start_offset" : 15,"end_offset" : 17,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 6},{"token" : "学习","start_offset" : 17,"end_offset" : 19,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 7},{"token" : "elasticsearch","start_offset" : 19,"end_offset" : 32,"type" : "ENGLISH","position" : 8},{"token" : "晚上","start_offset" : 33,"end_offset" : 35,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 9},{"token" : "加班","start_offset" : 35,"end_offset" : 37,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 10},{"token" : "到","start_offset" : 37,"end_offset" : 38,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 11},{"token" : "九点","start_offset" : 38,"end_offset" : 40,"type" : "TYPE_CQUAN","position" : 12},{"token" : "搬","start_offset" : 41,"end_offset" : 42,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 13},{"token" : "砖","start_offset" : 42,"end_offset" : 43,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 14},{"token" : "完","start_offset" : 43,"end_offset" : 44,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 15},{"token" : "之后","start_offset" : 44,"end_offset" : 46,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 16},{"token" : "去","start_offset" : 47,"end_offset" : 48,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 17},{"token" : "找他","start_offset" : 48,"end_offset" : 50,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 18},{"token" : "的","start_offset" : 50,"end_offset" : 51,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 19},{"token" : "女神","start_offset" : 51,"end_offset" : 53,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 20},{"token" : "画","start_offset" : 53,"end_offset" : 54,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 21},{"token" : "大饼","start_offset" : 54,"end_offset" : 56,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 22},{"token" : "女神","start_offset" : 57,"end_offset" : 59,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 23},{"token" : "却已","start_offset" : 59,"end_offset" : 61,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 24},{"token" : "读","start_offset" : 61,"end_offset" : 62,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 25},{"token" : "不回","start_offset" : 62,"end_offset" : 64,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 26},{"token" : "小明","start_offset" : 65,"end_offset" : 67,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 27},{"token" : "认清","start_offset" : 67,"end_offset" : 69,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 28},{"token" : "自己","start_offset" : 69,"end_offset" : 71,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 29},{"token" : "是","start_offset" : 71,"end_offset" : 72,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 30},{"token" : "个","start_offset" : 72,"end_offset" : 73,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 31},{"token" : "舔","start_offset" : 73,"end_offset" : 74,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 32},{"token" : "狗","start_offset" : 74,"end_offset" : 75,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 33},{"token" : "直接","start_offset" : 76,"end_offset" : 78,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 34},{"token" : "摆","start_offset" : 78,"end_offset" : 79,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 35},{"token" : "烂","start_offset" : 79,"end_offset" : 80,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 36},{"token" : "吸食","start_offset" : 81,"end_offset" : 83,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 37},{"token" : "海洛因","start_offset" : 83,"end_offset" : 86,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 38}]
}

配置字典后

使用 ElasticSearch 的可视化界面 Kibana 的调试工具 Dev Tools 调用解析接口测试：

# `IK Analyzer` 扩展字典。
POST /_analyze
{"analyzer": "ik_smart","text": "小明是一个Java程序员，白天摸鱼学习ElasticSearch，晚上加班到九点，搬砖完之后，去找他的女神画大饼，女神却已读不回，小明认清自己是个舔狗，直接摆烂，吸食海洛因"
}

解析结果：

#! Elasticsearch built-in security features are not enabled. Without authentication, your cluster could be accessible to anyone. See https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.17/security-minimal-setup.html to enable security.
{"tokens" : [{"token" : "小明","start_offset" : 0,"end_offset" : 2,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 0},{"token" : "是","start_offset" : 2,"end_offset" : 3,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 1},{"token" : "一个","start_offset" : 3,"end_offset" : 5,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 2},{"token" : "java","start_offset" : 5,"end_offset" : 9,"type" : "ENGLISH","position" : 3},{"token" : "程序员","start_offset" : 9,"end_offset" : 12,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 4},{"token" : "白天","start_offset" : 13,"end_offset" : 15,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 5},{"token" : "摸鱼","start_offset" : 15,"end_offset" : 17,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 6},{"token" : "学习","start_offset" : 17,"end_offset" : 19,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 7},{"token" : "elasticsearch","start_offset" : 19,"end_offset" : 32,"type" : "ENGLISH","position" : 8},{"token" : "晚上","start_offset" : 33,"end_offset" : 35,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 9},{"token" : "加班","start_offset" : 35,"end_offset" : 37,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 10},{"token" : "到","start_offset" : 37,"end_offset" : 38,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 11},{"token" : "九点","start_offset" : 38,"end_offset" : 40,"type" : "TYPE_CQUAN","position" : 12},{"token" : "搬砖","start_offset" : 41,"end_offset" : 43,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 13},{"token" : "完","start_offset" : 43,"end_offset" : 44,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 14},{"token" : "之后","start_offset" : 44,"end_offset" : 46,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 15},{"token" : "去","start_offset" : 47,"end_offset" : 48,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 16},{"token" : "找他","start_offset" : 48,"end_offset" : 50,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 17},{"token" : "女神","start_offset" : 51,"end_offset" : 53,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 18},{"token" : "画大饼","start_offset" : 53,"end_offset" : 56,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 19},{"token" : "女神","start_offset" : 57,"end_offset" : 59,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 20},{"token" : "却","start_offset" : 59,"end_offset" : 60,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 21},{"token" : "已读不回","start_offset" : 60,"end_offset" : 64,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 22},{"token" : "小明","start_offset" : 65,"end_offset" : 67,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 23},{"token" : "认清","start_offset" : 67,"end_offset" : 69,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 24},{"token" : "自己","start_offset" : 69,"end_offset" : 71,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 25},{"token" : "是","start_offset" : 71,"end_offset" : 72,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 26},{"token" : "个","start_offset" : 72,"end_offset" : 73,"type" : "CN_CHAR","position" : 27},{"token" : "舔狗","start_offset" : 73,"end_offset" : 75,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 28},{"token" : "直接","start_offset" : 76,"end_offset" : 78,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 29},{"token" : "摆烂","start_offset" : 78,"end_offset" : 80,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 30},{"token" : "吸食","start_offset" : 81,"end_offset" : 83,"type" : "CN_WORD","position" : 31}]
}

可以看到网络热词 “搬砖”、“画大饼”、“已读不回”、“舔狗”、“摆烂” 均可以正确识别，敏感词 “海洛因” 没有解析。