【C++项目】从零实现RPC框架「三」：项⽬抽象层实现

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一：🔥 常⽤的零碎功能接⼝类实现

detail.hpp

🦋 简单⽇志宏实现

🧑‍💻 意义：快速定位程序运⾏逻辑出错的位置。

项⽬在运⾏中可能会出现各种问题，出问题不可怕，关键的是要能找到问题，并解决问题。

解决问题的⽅式：

• gdb 调试：逐步调试过于繁琐，缓慢。主要⽤于程序崩溃后的定位。
• 系统运⾏⽇志分析：在任何程序运⾏有可能逻辑错误的位置进⾏输出提⽰，快速定位逻辑问题的位置。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <memory>
#include <filesystem> // c++17
#include <random>
#include <time.h>
#include "Mutex.hpp"namespace rpc
{using namespace LockModule;// 获取一下当前系统的时间std::string CurrentTime(){time_t time_stamp = ::time(nullptr);struct tm curr;localtime_r(&time_stamp, &curr); // 时间戳，获取可读性较强的时间信息Schar buffer[1024];// bugsnprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d",curr.tm_year + 1900,curr.tm_mon + 1,curr.tm_mday,curr.tm_hour,curr.tm_min,curr.tm_sec);return buffer;}// 构成：1. 构建日志字符串 2. 刷新落盘(screen, file)// 1. 日志文件的默认路径和文件名const std::string defaultlogpath = "./log/";const std::string defaultlogname = "log.txt";// 2. 日志等级enum class LogLevel{DEBUG = 1,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,FATAL};std::string Level2String(LogLevel level){switch (level){case LogLevel::DEBUG:return "DEBUG";case LogLevel::INFO:return "INFO";case LogLevel::WARNING:return "WARNING";case LogLevel::ERROR:return "ERROR";case LogLevel::FATAL:return "FATAL";default:return "None";}}// 3. 刷新策略class LogStrategy{public:virtual ~LogStrategy() = default;virtual void SyncLog(const std::string &message) = 0;};// 3.1 控制台策略class ConsoleLogStrategy : public LogStrategy{public:ConsoleLogStrategy(){}~ConsoleLogStrategy(){}void SyncLog(const std::string &message){LockGuard lockguard(_lock);std::cout << message << std::endl;}private:Mutex _lock;};// 3.2 文件级（磁盘）策略class FileLogStrategy : public LogStrategy{public:FileLogStrategy(const std::string &logpath = defaultlogpath, const std::string &logname = defaultlogname): _logpath(logpath), _logname(logname){// 确认_logpath是存在的LockGuard lockguard(_lock);if (std::filesystem::exists(_logpath)){return;}try{std::filesystem::create_directories(_logpath);}catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error &e){std::cerr << e.what() << '\n';}}~FileLogStrategy(){}void SyncLog(const std::string &message){LockGuard lockguard(_lock);std::string log = _logpath + _logname; // ./log/log.txtstd::ofstream out(log, std::ios::app); // 日志写入，一定是追加if (!out.is_open()){return;}out << message << '\n';out.close();}private:std::string _logpath;std::string _logname;Mutex _lock;};// 日志类：构建日志字符串，根据策略，进行刷新class Logger{public:Logger(){// 默认采用ConsoleLogStrategy策略_strategy = std::make_shared<ConsoleLogStrategy>();}void EnableConsoleLog(){_strategy = std::make_shared<ConsoleLogStrategy>();}void EnableFileLog(){_strategy = std::make_shared<FileLogStrategy>();}~Logger(){}// 一条完整的信息：[2024-08-04 12:27:03] [DEBUG] [202938] [main.cc] [16] + 日志的可变部分(<< "hello world" << 3.14 << a << b;)class LogMessage{public:LogMessage(LogLevel level, const std::string &filename, int line, Logger &logger): _currtime(CurrentTime()), _level(level), _pid(::getpid()), _filename(filename), _line(line), _logger(logger){std::stringstream ssbuffer;ssbuffer << "[" << _currtime << "] "<< "[" << Level2String(_level) << "] "<< "[" << _pid << "] "<< "[" << _filename << "] "<< "[" << _line << "] - ";_loginfo = ssbuffer.str();}template <typename T>LogMessage &operator<<(const T &info){std::stringstream ss;ss << info;_loginfo += ss.str();return *this;}~LogMessage(){if (_logger._strategy){_logger._strategy->SyncLog(_loginfo);}}private:std::string _currtime; // 当前日志的时间LogLevel _level;       // 日志等级pid_t _pid;            // 进程pidstd::string _filename; // 源文件名称??int _line;             // 日志所在的行号Logger &_logger;       // 负责根据不同的策略进行刷新std::string _loginfo;  // 一条完整的日志记录};// 就是要拷贝LogMessage operator()(LogLevel level, const std::string &filename, int line){return LogMessage(level, filename, line, *this); // 优化成一次构造一次析构了 连续的构造 + 拷贝构造}private:std::shared_ptr<LogStrategy> _strategy; // 日志刷新的策略方案};Logger logger;#define LOG(Level) logger(Level, __FILE__, __LINE__)
#define ENABLE_CONSOLE_LOG() logger.EnableConsoleLog()
#define ENABLE_FILE_LOG() logger.EnableFileLog()
}

Mutex.hpp 是对Linux下pthread库的封装

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <pthread.h>namespace LockModule
{class Mutex{public:Mutex(const Mutex&) = delete;const Mutex& operator = (const Mutex&) = delete;Mutex(){int n = ::pthread_mutex_init(&_lock, nullptr);(void)n;}~Mutex(){int n = ::pthread_mutex_destroy(&_lock);(void)n;}void Lock(){int n = ::pthread_mutex_lock(&_lock);(void)n;}pthread_mutex_t *LockPtr(){return &_lock;}void Unlock(){int n = ::pthread_mutex_unlock(&_lock);(void)n;}private:pthread_mutex_t _lock;};class LockGuard{public:LockGuard(Mutex &mtx):_mtx(mtx){_mtx.Lock();}~LockGuard(){_mtx.Unlock();}private:Mutex &_mtx;};
}

🦋 Json 序列化/反序列化

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <memory>
#include <jsoncpp/json/json.h>namespace rpc
{class JSON{public:// 实现字符串的序列化static bool Serialize(const Json::Value &val, std::string &body){std::stringstream ss;// 先实例化一个工厂类对象static Json::StreamWriterBuilder swb;// 再使用工厂类对象来生产派生类std::unique_ptr<Json::StreamWriter> sw(swb.newStreamWriter());int ret = sw->write(val, &ss);if (ret != 0){LOG(LogLevel::ERROR) << "Json Serialize failed!";return false;}body = ss.str();return true;}// 实现json字符串的反序列化static bool UnSerialize(const std::string &body, Json::Value &val){// 实例化工厂类对象static Json::CharReaderBuilder crb;std::unique_ptr<Json::CharReader> cr(crb.newCharReader());std::string errs;bool ret = cr->parse(body.c_str(), body.c_str() + body.size(), &val, &errs);if (ret == false){LOG(LogLevel::ERROR) << "Json UnSerialize failed! " << errs;return false;}return true;}};
}

🦋 UUID ⽣成

UUID (UniversallyUniqueIdentifier),也叫通⽤唯⼀识别码，通常由32位16进制数字字符组成。 UUID的标准型式包含32个16进制数字字符，以连字号分为五段，形式为8-4-4-4-12的32个字符，

如：550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000。

在这⾥，uuid⽣成，我们采⽤⽣成8个随机数字，加上8字节序号，共16字节数组⽣成32位16进制字符的组合形式来确保全局唯⼀的同时能够根据序号来分辨数据（随机数⾁眼分辨起来真是太难了…）

#include <iostream>
#include <chrono>