第一个简易SSM框架项目

引言

这是一个简易SSM整合项目，适合后端入门的练习项目，其中没有太多的业务操作，主要是这个框架，以及编码的顺序，希望大家有所收获

首先需要先配置环境

数据库环境

创建一个存放书籍的数据库表

create database 'ssmbuild';
use 'ssmbuild';
drop table if exists 'books';
create table 'books'(
'bookID' int(10) not null auto_increment comment '书籍ID';
'bookName' VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名','bookCounts' INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量','detail' VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',KEY 'bookID' ('bookID')
)engine  = innodb default charset = utf8INSERT  INTO 'books'('bookID','bookName','bookCounts','detail')VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

基本环境创建

新建一个maven项目，FristSSMProject，添加web组件

2.导入相关pom依赖

<dependencies><!-- Spring  --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- MyBatis 和 MyBatis-Spring --><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.5.13</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>2.0.7</version></dependency><!-- 数据库连接 --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.33</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.mchange</groupId><artifactId>c3p0</artifactId><version>0.10.1</version></dependency><!-- Servlet/JSP --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>4.0.1</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId><artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><version>2.2</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency><!-- 其他依赖 --><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13.2</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!--    lombok注解驱动--><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version> 1.18.36</version></dependency>
</dependencies>

建议JDK版本为11，不然可能会报错

Unsupported class file major version 61 （如果报这个错误就是版本问题）

Maven资源过滤问题

<!--    静态资源导出问题--><build><resources><resource><directory>src/main/resources</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>true</filtering></resource><resource><directory>src/main/java</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>true</filtering></resource></resources></build>

创建基本结构（实体层，模型层，业务层，控制层），和配置文件

编译Mybatis配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--    配置日志-->
<settings><setting name="LogImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
</settings>
<!--    配置别名--><typeAliases><package name="com.lyc.pojo"/></typeAliases>
<!--    环境变量--><environments default="development"><environment id="development"><transactionManager type="JDBC"/><dataSource type="POOLED"><property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/><property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/><property name="username" value="root"/><property name="password" value="211314"/></dataSource></environment></environments><mappers></mappers>
</configuration>

注：要将lib包导入依赖

编写对应的数据库实体类

package com.lyc.pojo;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
//使用Lombok注解
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class Books {private int bookID;private String bookName;private int bookCounts;private String detail;
}

编写对应的模型层（Mapper接口以及对应的XML文件）

BookMapper.java

package com.lyc.mapper;import com.lyc.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;import java.util.List;public interface BookMapper {//查询所有书籍List<Books> queryAllBook();//根据ID查询书籍Books queryBookByID(@Param("bookID") int id);//修改书籍int updateBook(Books books);//删除书籍int deleteBookByID( @Param("bookID") int id);//增加书籍int addBook(Books books)//根据名称查询书籍Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
}

BookMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.lyc.mapper.BookMapper"><insert id="addBook" parameterType="com.lyc.pojo.Books">insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail})</insert>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="com.lyc.pojo.Books">update ssmbuild.books set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}where bookID = #{bookID}</update><delete id="deleteBookByID" parameterType="int">delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID}</delete><select id="queryAllBook" resultType="com.lyc.pojo.Books" >select * from ssmbuild.books</select><select id="queryBookByID" resultType="com.lyc.pojo.Books">select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID}</select><select id="queryBookByName" resultType="com.lyc.pojo.Books">select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName like concat ('%',#{bookName},'%')</select>
</mapper>

注：不要忘记在Mybatis配置文件中配置mapper映射文件

 <mappers><mapper resource="com/lyc/mapper/BookMapper.xml"/></mappers>

测试数据库是否连接成功

import com.lyc.mapper.BookMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;public class MyTest {@Testpublic void test() throws IOException {String DataSource = "Mybatis-Config.xml";InputStream stream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(DataSource);SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(stream);SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);BookMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BookMapper.class);mapper.queryAllBook().forEach(System.out::println);sqlSession.close();}
}

测试结果

 编写Service层的接口以及实现类

BookService

package com.lyc.service;import com.lyc.pojo.Books;import java.util.List;public interface BookService {//查询所有书籍List<Books> queryAllBook();//根据ID查询书籍Books queryBookByID( int id);//修改书籍int updateBook(Books books);//删除书籍int deleteBookByID( int id);//添加书籍int addBook(Books books);//根据名称查询书籍Books queryBookByName( String bookName);
}

BookServiceImpl.java

package com.lyc.service;import com.lyc.mapper.BookMapper;
import com.lyc.pojo.Books;import java.util.List;public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{//service调dao层//调用dao层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理private BookMapper bookMapper;public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {this.bookMapper = bookMapper;}@Overridepublic List<Books> queryAllBook() {return bookMapper.queryAllBook();}@Overridepublic Books queryBookByID(int id) {return bookMapper.queryBookByID(id);}@Overridepublic int updateBook(Books books) {return bookMapper.updateBook(books);}@Overridepublic int deleteBookByID(int id) {return bookMapper.deleteBookByID(id);}@Overridepublic int addBook(Books books) {return bookMapper.addBook(books);}@Overridepublic Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);}
}

Spring层

配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；

我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件；spring-mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><!--配置整合Mybatis--><!-- 数据库连接池 --><!-- 数据库连接池dbcp  半自动化操作  不能自动连接c3p0  自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
--><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/><property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/><property name="user" value="root"/><property name="password" value="211314"/>
<!--        c3p0的私有属性-->
<!--        连接池极限值--><property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/><property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!--     关闭连接后不自动提交   --><property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/><!--        获得连接超时时间--><property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/><!--        当获取连接失败次数--><property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/></bean>
<!--配置SqlsessionFactory 对象--><bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/><property name="configLocation" value="classpath:applicationContext.xml"/></bean><!--配置扫描Mapper接口包，动态实现Mapper接口注入到spring容器中--><bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"><property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/><property name="basePackage" value="com.lyc.mapper"/></bean>
</beans>

spring整合service层

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttps://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><import resource="spring-mapper.xml"/>
<!--配置扫描service层的bean--><context:component-scan base-package="com.lyc.service"/>
<!--    将BookServiceImpl注入IOC容器-->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.lyc.service.BookServiceImpl"><property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!--  配置事务管理器 --><bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/></bean>
</beans>

Spring层搞定！Spring就是一个容器

SpringMVC层

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"version="4.0">
<!--    配置DispatcherServlet--><servlet><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
<!--    过滤器 防止乱码--><filter><filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>
<!--    session过期时间--><session-config><session-timeout>30</session-timeout></session-config>
</web-app>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttps://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--springMVC核心三要素：处理器映射器，处理器适配器，视图解析器--><mvc:annotation-driven/><!--   过滤静态资源 --><mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--    视图解析器--><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/><property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/></bean>
<!--    扫描关于web的bean--><context:component-scan base-package="com.lyc.controller"/>
</beans>

Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml"/><import resource="classpath:spring/spring-mapper.xml"/><import resource="classpath:spring/spring-service.xml"/>
</beans>

配置文件到这就已经配得差不多了，框架已经搭好了，现在去写前端页面和Controller层

首先理清思路：我们要完成增删改查操作，增加，修改，需要两个页面，加上书籍列表展示页面，就只有三个页面

所以项目结构应为

BookController 类编写  

package com.lyc.controller;import com.lyc.pojo.Books;
import com.lyc.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {//service层调dao层@Autowired@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")private BookService bookService;//查询全部的书籍，并返回到一个书籍展示页面@RequestMapping("/allBook")public String list(Model model){List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();model.addAttribute("list",list);return "allBook";}//跳转到增加书籍页面@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")public String toAddPaper(){return "addBook";}//添加书籍的请求@RequestMapping("/addBook")public String addPaper(Books books){System.out.println("addBook=>"+books);bookService.addBook(books);return "redirect:/book/allBook";//重定向/book/allBook请求，重新查询}//跳转到修改页面@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook/{id}")public String toUpdatePaper(Model model,@PathVariable int id){model.addAttribute("book",bookService.queryBookById(id));return "updateBook";}//修改书籍@RequestMapping("/updateBook")public String updateBook(Books books){bookService.updateBook(books);return "redirect:/book/allBook";}//删除书籍@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id){bookService.deleteBookById(id);return "redirect:/book/allBook";}//查询书籍@RequestMapping("/queryBook")public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){List<Books> list = new ArrayList<>();if(queryBookName!=null&&queryBookName!=""){Books books  = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);list.add(books);model.addAttribute("list",list);return "allBook";}return "redirect:/book/allBook";}
}

编写首页Index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>首页</title><style>a{text-decoration: none;color: black;font-size: 18px;}h3{width: 180px;height: 38px;margin: 100px auto;text-align: center;line-height: 38px;background: deepskyblue;border-radius: 15px;}</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>

书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>书籍列表</title><%--    引入Bootstrap--%><link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container"><div class="row-clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1>欢迎来到我的书屋<small>书籍列表 -- 显示所有书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-4 column"><a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增书籍</a><a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示全部</a></div><div class="col-md-4 column  col-md-offset-4"><form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook/${book.bookName}" method="post" class="form-inline" style="float: right"><input type="text" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍名称" class="form-control" name="queryBookName" required><input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary"></form></div></div><div class="row-clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><table class="table table-hover table-striped"><thead><tr><th>书籍编号</th><th>书籍名称</th><th>书籍数量</th><th>书籍详情</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody><c:forEach var="book" items="${list}"><tr><td>${book.bookID}</td><td>${book.bookName}</td><td>${book.bookCounts}</td><td>${book.detail}</td><td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook/${book.bookID}">更改</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.bookID}">删除</a></td></tr></c:forEach></tbody></table></div></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

添加书籍页面addBook.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>新增书籍</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><%--    引入Bootstrap--%><link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container"><div class="row-clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>新增书籍</small></h1></div></div>
</div><form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post"><div class="form-group"><label for="bkname">书籍名称：</label><input type="text" name="bookName" id="bkname" class="form-control" required></div><div class="form-group"><label for="bkcounts">书籍数量：</label><input type="text" name="bookCounts" id="bkcounts" class="form-control" required></div><div class="form-group"><label for="bkdetail">书籍详情：</label><input type="text" name="detail" id="bkdetail" class="form-control" required></div><div class="form-group"><input type="submit" value="添加" class="form-control"><input type="reset" value="重置" class="form-control"></div></form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

修改书籍页面 updateBook..jsp

 

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>修改信息</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<%--    引入Bootstrap--%><link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container"><div class="row-clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>修改信息</small></h1></div></div></div><form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<%--        出现问题：我们提交了修改的SQL请求,但是请求失败，初次考虑，以为是事务问题，配置完毕事务，依旧失败！查看SQL语句，能否执行成功，：SQL语句执行失败，修改未完成
--%>
<%--        前端传递隐藏域--%><input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.bookID}"><div class="form-group"><label for="bkname">书籍名称：</label><input type="text" name="bookName" id="bkname" class="form-control" value="${book.bookName}" required></div><div class="form-group"><label for="bkcounts">书籍数量：</label><input type="text" name="bookCounts" id="bkcounts" class="form-control" value="${book.bookCounts}" required></div><div class="form-group"><label for="bkdetail">书籍详情：</label><input type="text" name="detail" id="bkdetail" class="form-control" value="${book.detail}" required></div><div class="form-group"><input type="submit" value="修改" class="form-control"></div></form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

测试阶段 

首页：

书籍列表：

增加： 

 

修改： 

 

 查询：

希望对大家有所帮助