在 Dev-C++中编译运行GUI 程序介绍（三）有趣示例一组

在 Dev-C++中编译运行GUI程序介绍（三）有趣示例一组

前期见
在 Dev-C++中编译运行GUI 程序介绍（一）基础 https://blog.csdn.net/cnds123/article/details/147019078

在 Dev-C++中编译运行GUI 程序介绍（二）示例：祝福程序 https://blog.csdn.net/cnds123/article/details/147019350

本文给出一组可以在 Dev-C++中编译运行的GUI 应用程序。

示例2、简单的猜数字游戏

下面是一个简单的猜数字游戏源码，您可以在 Dev-C++ 中编译和运行它。这个程序创建了一个基本的 GUI 界面，用户可以通过输入数字来进行猜测，程序会提示用户猜的数字是太高、太低还是猜对了。并有猜中计数和“重玩”按钮功能。

运行效果：

源码如下：

#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>using namespace std;// 全局变量
HWND hwndInput, hwndButton, hwndOutput, hwndCountLabel;
int randomNumber;
int guessCount = 0; // 猜中计数// 生成随机数
void generateRandomNumber() {randomNumber = rand() % 100 + 1; // 生成 1 到 100 之间的随机数guessCount = 0; // 重置猜中计数
}// 消息处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {switch (msg) {case WM_CREATE: {// 创建说明标签CreateWindow("STATIC", "请输入1到100之间的数字：", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,50, 20, 200, 25, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);// 创建输入框hwndInput = CreateWindow("EDIT", "", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_NUMBER,50, 50, 100, 25, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);// 创建猜测按钮hwndButton = CreateWindow("BUTTON", "猜测", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,50, 100, 100, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)1, NULL, NULL);// 创建重玩按钮CreateWindow("BUTTON", "重玩", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,160, 100, 100, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)2, NULL, NULL);// 创建输出框hwndOutput = CreateWindow("STATIC", "", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,50, 150, 200, 25, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);// 创建猜中计数标签hwndCountLabel = CreateWindow("STATIC", "猜测次数: 0", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,50, 180, 200, 25, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);generateRandomNumber(); // 生成第一个随机数// 设置光标焦点到输入框SetFocus(hwndInput);break;}case WM_COMMAND: {if (LOWORD(wParam) == 1) { // 按钮被点击char buffer[10];GetWindowText(hwndInput, buffer, sizeof(buffer)); // 获取输入的文本int guess = atoi(buffer); // 将字符串转换为整数// 进行猜测判断string message;guessCount++; // 增加猜测次数if (guess < randomNumber) {message = "太低了！";} else if (guess > randomNumber) {message = "太高了！";} else {message = "恭喜你，猜对了！";// 不重置猜测次数，直到用户选择“重玩”}// 更新输出框和猜中计数标签SetWindowText(hwndOutput, message.c_str());SetWindowText(hwndCountLabel, ("猜测次数: " + to_string(guessCount)).c_str());// 设置光标焦点到输入框SetFocus(hwndInput);}else if (LOWORD(wParam) == 2) { // 重玩按钮被点击generateRandomNumber(); // 生成新的随机数SetWindowText(hwndOutput, ""); // 清空输出框SetWindowText(hwndCountLabel, "猜测次数: 0"); // 重置猜中计数SetWindowText(hwndInput, ""); // 清空输入框SetFocus(hwndInput); // 设置光标焦点到输入框}break;}case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {srand(static_cast<unsigned int>(time(0))); // 设置随机种子// 注册窗口类const char CLASS_NAME[] = "GuessNumberWindow";WNDCLASS wc = {};wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;RegisterClass(&wc);// 创建窗口HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, CLASS_NAME, "猜数字游戏", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(hwnd);// 消息循环MSG msg;while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}

示例3、剪子、包袱、锤游戏

剪子、包袱、锤（又称石头剪刀布）游戏规则

胜负关系：

剪子 胜 包袱（剪刀剪开布）。

包袱 胜 锤（布包裹石头）。

锤 胜 剪子（石头砸坏剪刀）。

手势相同：平局，重新对决。

界面如下

源码如下：

//剪子、包袱、锤游戏
#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <sstream>using namespace std;// 全局变量
HWND hwndOutput, hwndComputerChoice;
int computerChoice;// 生成计算机的选择
void generateComputerChoice() {computerChoice = rand() % 3; // 0 = 剪子, 1 = 包袱, 2 = 锤
}// 消息处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {switch (msg) {case WM_CREATE: {// 创建剪子按钮CreateWindow("BUTTON", "剪子 (X)", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,50, 50, 100, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)1, NULL, NULL);// 创建包袱按钮CreateWindow("BUTTON", "包袱 (Q)", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,50, 100, 100, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)2, NULL, NULL);// 创建锤按钮CreateWindow("BUTTON", "锤 (P)", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,50, 150, 100, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)3, NULL, NULL);// 创建新局按钮CreateWindow("BUTTON", "新局", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,50, 200, 100, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)4, NULL, NULL);// 创建输出框hwndOutput = CreateWindow("STATIC", "", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,200, 50, 200, 100, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);// 创建计算机选择显示框hwndComputerChoice = CreateWindow("STATIC", "", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,200, 150, 200, 25, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);// 设置随机种子srand(static_cast<unsigned int>(time(0)));break;}case WM_COMMAND: {if (LOWORD(wParam) >= 1 && LOWORD(wParam) <= 3) { // 剪子、包袱或锤按钮被点击int userChoice = LOWORD(wParam) - 1; // 0 = 剪子, 1 = 包袱, 2 = 锤generateComputerChoice(); // 生成计算机选择// 计算机选择对应的输出来显示string computerChoiceStr;if (computerChoice == 0) computerChoiceStr = "剪子 (X)";else if (computerChoice == 1) computerChoiceStr = "包袱 (Q)";else if (computerChoice == 2) computerChoiceStr = "锤 (P)";// 判断输赢string result;if (userChoice == computerChoice) {result = "平局！";} else if ((userChoice == 0 && computerChoice == 1) || (userChoice == 1 && computerChoice == 2) || (userChoice == 2 && computerChoice == 0)) {result = "你输了！";} else {result = "你赢了！";}// 更新输出框和计算机选择框SetWindowText(hwndOutput, result.c_str());SetWindowText(hwndComputerChoice, ("计算机选择: " + computerChoiceStr).c_str());} else if (LOWORD(wParam) == 4) { // 新局按钮被点击SetWindowText(hwndOutput, ""); // 清空输出框SetWindowText(hwndComputerChoice, ""); // 清空计算机选择框}break;}case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {// 注册窗口类const char CLASS_NAME[] = "RockPaperScissorsWindow";WNDCLASS wc = {};wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;RegisterClass(&wc);// 创建窗口HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, CLASS_NAME, "剪子、包袱、锤游戏", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 420, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(hwnd);// 消息循环MSG msg;while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}

示例4、简单计算器

可以在 Dev-C++ 中编译和运行简单计算器（通过计算机键盘输入数）。

界面如下：

代码如下：

#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>using namespace std;// 全局变量
HWND hwndInput1, hwndInput2, hwndOutput, hwndButtonAdd, hwndButtonSub, hwndButtonMul, hwndButtonDiv;// 计算结果并显示
void Calculate(char operation) {char buffer1[100], buffer2[100];GetWindowText(hwndInput1, buffer1, sizeof(buffer1)); // 获取第一个输入框的文本GetWindowText(hwndInput2, buffer2, sizeof(buffer2)); // 获取第二个输入框的文本double num1 = atof(buffer1); // 转换为 doubledouble num2 = atof(buffer2); // 转换为 doubledouble result = 0.0;// 根据操作符进行计算switch (operation) {case '+': result = num1 + num2; break;case '-': result = num1 - num2; break;case '*': result = num1 * num2; break;case '/':if (num2 != 0) {result = num1 / num2;} else {SetWindowText(hwndOutput, "错误：除以零");return;}break;}// 显示结果stringstream ss;ss << result;SetWindowText(hwndOutput, ss.str().c_str());
}// 消息处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {switch (msg) {case WM_CREATE: {// 创建输入框1hwndInput1 = CreateWindow("EDIT", "", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_NUMBER,50, 20, 100, 30, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);// 创建输入框2hwndInput2 = CreateWindow("EDIT", "", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_NUMBER,50, 60, 100, 30, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);// 创建输出框hwndOutput = CreateWindow("STATIC", "", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,50, 100, 200, 30, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);// 创建加法按钮hwndButtonAdd = CreateWindow("BUTTON", "+", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,200, 20, 30, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)1, NULL, NULL);// 创建减法按钮hwndButtonSub = CreateWindow("BUTTON", "-", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,200, 60, 30, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)2, NULL, NULL);// 创建乘法按钮hwndButtonMul = CreateWindow("BUTTON", "*", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,250, 20, 30, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)3, NULL, NULL);// 创建除法按钮hwndButtonDiv = CreateWindow("BUTTON", "/", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,250, 60, 30, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)4, NULL, NULL);break;}case WM_COMMAND: {if (LOWORD(wParam) == 1) { // 加法按钮被点击Calculate('+');} else if (LOWORD(wParam) == 2) { // 减法按钮被点击Calculate('-');} else if (LOWORD(wParam) == 3) { // 乘法按钮被点击Calculate('*');} else if (LOWORD(wParam) == 4) { // 除法按钮被点击Calculate('/');}break;}case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {// 注册窗口类const char CLASS_NAME[] = "SimpleCalculator";WNDCLASS wc = {};wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;RegisterClass(&wc);// 创建窗口HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, CLASS_NAME, "简单计算器", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 400, 200, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(hwnd);// 消息循环MSG msg;while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}

示例5、改进版的简单计算器

下面是一个改进版的简单计算器，界面上包含数字按键（0-9）和基本的运算按键（加、减、乘、除）。用户可以通过点击数字按键和运算符按键来输入数字和运算，然后按下“=”按钮来计算结果。

界面如下：

代码如下：

#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <sstream>using namespace std;// 全局变量
HWND hwndDisplay;
string currentInput = ""; // 当前输入// 更新显示框
void UpdateDisplay() {SetWindowText(hwndDisplay, currentInput.c_str());
}// 处理数字和操作符的按钮点击
void ButtonClick(char value) {currentInput += value; // 追加输入UpdateDisplay();
}// 计算结果并显示
void Calculate() {double num1 = 0.0, num2 = 0.0;char operation = '+';size_t pos = 0;// 解析输入for (char c : currentInput) {if (c == '+' || c == '-' || c == '*' || c == '/') {num1 = atof(currentInput.substr(0, pos).c_str());operation = c;pos++;break;}pos++;}if (pos < currentInput.length()) {num2 = atof(currentInput.substr(pos).c_str());} else {return; // 没有足够的输入进行计算}double result = 0.0;// 根据操作符进行计算switch (operation) {case '+': result = num1 + num2; break;case '-': result = num1 - num2; break;case '*': result = num1 * num2; break;case '/':if (num2 != 0) {result = num1 / num2;} else {currentInput = "错误：除以零";UpdateDisplay();return;}break;}// 显示结果stringstream ss;ss << result;currentInput = ss.str(); // 更新为结果UpdateDisplay();
}// 消息处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {switch (msg) {case WM_CREATE: {// 创建显示框hwndDisplay = CreateWindow("EDIT", "", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_RIGHT | ES_READONLY,10, 10, 280, 30, hwnd, NULL, NULL, NULL);// 创建按钮const char* buttons[] = {"7", "8", "9", "+","4", "5", "6", "-","1", "2", "3", "*","0", ".", "=", "/"};int x = 10, y = 50;for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {CreateWindow("BUTTON", buttons[i], WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,x, y, 65, 40, hwnd, (HMENU)(INT_PTR)(i + 1), NULL, NULL);x += 70;if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0) {x = 10;y += 45;}}// 创建"清空"按钮CreateWindow("BUTTON", "清空", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,10, 230, 280, 30, hwnd, (HMENU)17, NULL, NULL);break;}case WM_COMMAND: {int id = LOWORD(wParam);if (id >= 1 && id <= 16) {const char* buttonValues[] = {"7", "8", "9", "+","4", "5", "6", "-","1", "2", "3", "*","0", ".", "=", "/"};if (buttonValues[id - 1][0] == '=') {Calculate();} else {ButtonClick(buttonValues[id - 1][0]);}} else if (id == 17) { // 清空按钮currentInput = "";UpdateDisplay();}break;}case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {// 注册窗口类const char CLASS_NAME[] = "SimpleCalculator";WNDCLASS wc = {};wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;RegisterClass(&wc);// 创建窗口HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, CLASS_NAME, "手持计算器", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 315, 310, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);if (hwnd == NULL) {return 0;}ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(hwnd);// 消息循环MSG msg = {};while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}

示例6、绘制直线、圆和三角形

Windows API中的GDI（Graphics Device Interface，图形设备接口）是一个用于处理图形和图像输出的子系统。它允许程序与各种输出设备（如显示器、打印机等设备无关性）进行交互，绘制图形、文本和图像。

GDI的作用

1. 绘制图形：GDI提供了一系列函数，用于绘制基本形状（如线条、矩形、圆形、多边形等）。程序员可以使用这些函数在窗口上绘制想要的图形。
2. 文本处理：GDI也可以用于绘制文本。它支持多种字体和文本格式，程序员可以选择字体、大小和颜色来显示文本。
3. 图像处理：GDI能够加载并显示位图（BMP）、图标等图像格式。程序员可以将图像绘制到窗口或打印机上。
4. 设备无关性：GDI使得程序可以不依赖于特定的硬件设备。无论是在显示器上绘制，还是在打印机上输出，GDI提供的接口都是一致的。这意味着，程序可以在不同的输出设备上运行，而不需要进行太多修改。
5. 设备上下文（DC）：在GDI中，设备上下文是一种数据结构，表示绘图设备的状态。程序在绘图时需要获取设备上下文，以便使用它来进行绘图操作。

GDI的基本操作

1. 创建窗口：在窗口上绘制图形的第一步是创建一个窗口。这可以通过Windows API中的函数来实现。
2. 获取设备上下文：在绘制之前，程序需要获取窗口的设备上下文（HDC），这样才能在窗口上进行绘制。
3. 绘制操作：
   • 使用GDI函数绘制图形（如MoveToEx和LineTo绘制直线）。
   • 使用TextOut函数绘制文本。
   • 使用BitBlt函数复制图像。
4. 释放资源：绘制完成后，程序需要释放获取的设备上下文，以避免资源泄露。

先看效果图：

源码如下：

#include <windows.h>LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {switch (msg) {case WM_PAINT: {PAINTSTRUCT ps;HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);// 设置颜色HPEN hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 2, RGB(0, 0, 255)); // 蓝色SelectObject(hdc, hPen);// 画直线MoveToEx(hdc, 50, 50, NULL); // 起点LineTo(hdc, 200, 50); // 终点// 画圆Ellipse(hdc, 50, 70, 150, 170); // x1, y1, x2, y2// 画三角形POINT vertices[] = { {200, 70}, {250, 170}, {150, 170} };Polygon(hdc, vertices, 3);// 释放资源DeleteObject(hPen);EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);break;}case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {const char CLASS_NAME[] = "SampleWindowClass";WNDCLASS wc = {};wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; // 设置窗口过程wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;RegisterClass(&wc);// 创建窗口HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, CLASS_NAME, "绘图示例", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 400, 400, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);if (hwnd == NULL) {return 0;}ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(hwnd);// 消息循环MSG msg;while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}

示例7、绘制红五角星

使用Windows API中的GDI (图形设备接口)。

先看效果图：

源码如下：

#include <windows.h>
#include <math.h>#define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846 // 定义π（如未定义）// 计算五角星顶点的函数
void DrawStar(HDC hdc, int centerX, int centerY, int size) {POINT points[10];double angle;int i;// 计算五角星的顶点for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {angle = (i * 36.0) * (M_PI / 180.0); // 角度转换为弧度// 外部顶点if (i % 2 == 0) {points[i].x = centerX + (int)(size * cos(angle));points[i].y = centerY - (int)(size * sin(angle));}// 内部顶点else {points[i].x = centerX + (int)(size * 0.5 * cos(angle));points[i].y = centerY - (int)(size * 0.5 * sin(angle));}}// 绘制五角星HPEN hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 2, RGB(255, 0, 0)); // 红色SelectObject(hdc, hPen);SelectObject(hdc, GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH)); // 无填充Polygon(hdc, points, 10); // 绘制五角星// 释放资源DeleteObject(hPen);
}// 消息处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {switch (msg) {case WM_PAINT: {PAINTSTRUCT ps;HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);// 设置背景颜色FillRect(hdc, &ps.rcPaint, (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1));// 绘制红五角星DrawStar(hdc, 200, 150, 100);EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);break;}case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {const char CLASS_NAME[] = "StarDrawingWindow";WNDCLASS wc = {};wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; // 设置窗口过程wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;RegisterClass(&wc);// 创建窗口HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, CLASS_NAME, "绘制红五角星", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 400, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);if (hwnd == NULL) {return 0;}ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(hwnd);// 消息循环MSG msg;while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}