（二）毛子整洁架构（CQRS/Dapper/领域事件处理器/垂直切片）

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项目地址

• 教程作者：
• 教程地址：

• 代码仓库地址：

• 所用到的框架和插件：

dbt 
airflow

一、Application 层

1.1 定义CQRS的接口以及其他服务

1. Command

• 用于处理除查询以外的

1. ICommand.cs

using Bookify.Domain.Abstractions;
using MediatR;
namespace Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Messaging;
//无返回值的命令
public interface ICommand : IRequest<Result>
{
}
//返回一个TReponse的命令
public interface ICommand<TReponse> : IRequest<Result<TReponse>>
{
}

2. ICommandHandler.cs

namespace Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Messaging;
public interface ICommandHandler<TCommand> : IRequestHandler<TCommand, Result>where TCommand : ICommand
{
}public interface ICommandHandler<TCommand, TResponse> : IRequestHandler<TCommand, Result<TResponse>>where TCommand : ICommand<TResponse>
{
}

2. IQuery查询

• 用于查询
  IQuery.cs

using Bookify.Domain.Abstractions;
using MediatR;
namespace Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Messaging;
public interface IQuery<TResponse> : IRequest<Result<TResponse>>
{
}

• IQueryHandler.cs

using Bookify.Domain.Abstractions;
using MediatR;
namespace Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Messaging;
public interface IQueryHandler<TQuery, TResponse> : IRequestHandler<TQuery, Result<TResponse>>where TQuery : IQuery<TResponse>
{
}

3. 当前时间服务接口

• 用于提供当前时间

namespace Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Clock;public interface IDateTimeProvider
{DateTime UtcNow { get; }
}

4. 邮件发送服务接口

• 发送邮件的服务

namespace Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Email;
public interface IEmailService
{Task SendAsync(Domain.Users.Email recipient, string subject, string body);
}

1.2 ReserveBooking Command

1. 处理传入的参数

• ReserveBookingCommand.cs：返回值是Guid，参数时4个

using Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Messaging;
namespace Bookify.Application.Bookings.ReserveBooking;
public record ReserveBookingCommand(Guid ApartmentId,Guid UserId,DateOnly StartDate,DateOnly EndDate) : ICommand<Guid>;

2. ReserveBookingCommandHandler

• 用于保存预定的处理方法

internal sealed class ReserveBookingCommandHandler : ICommandHandler<ReserveBookingCommand, Guid>
{private readonly IUserRepository _userRepository;private readonly IApartmentRepository _apartmentRepository;private readonly IBookingRepository _bookingRepository;private readonly IUnitOfWork _unitOfWork;private readonly PricingService _pricingService;private readonly IDateTimeProvider _dateTimeProvider;public ReserveBookingCommandHandler(IUserRepository userRepository,IApartmentRepository apartmentRepository,IBookingRepository bookingRepository,IUnitOfWork unitOfWork,PricingService pricingService,IDateTimeProvider dateTimeProvider){_userRepository = userRepository;_apartmentRepository = apartmentRepository;_bookingRepository = bookingRepository;_unitOfWork = unitOfWork;_pricingService = pricingService;_dateTimeProvider = dateTimeProvider;}public async Task<Result<Guid>> Handle(ReserveBookingCommand request, CancellationToken cancellationToken){// Check if the user existsUser? user = await _userRepository.GetByIdAsync(request.UserId, cancellationToken);if (user is null){return Result.Failure<Guid>(UserErrors.NotFound);}// Check if the apartment existsApartment? apartment = await _apartmentRepository.GetByIdAsync(request.ApartmentId, cancellationToken);if (apartment is null){return Result.Failure<Guid>(ApartmentErrors.NotFound);}//创建预定时间段var duration = DateRange.Create(request.StartDate, request.EndDate);// Check if the booking duration is validif (await _bookingRepository.IsOverlappingAsync(apartment, duration, cancellationToken)){return Result.Failure<Guid>(BookingErrors.Overlap);}var booking = Booking.Reserve(apartment,user.Id,duration,_dateTimeProvider.UtcNow,_pricingService);//添加booking_bookingRepository.Add(booking);//保存await _unitOfWork.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);return booking.Id;}
}

3. BookingReservedDomainEvent

• 处理 BookingReservedDomainEvent 事件的逻辑，这里只是一个处理的函数，并没有自动执行，只有当发布了事件之后，才会触发

namespace Bookify.Application.Bookings.ReserveBooking;/// 处理 BookingReservedDomainEvent 事件
internal sealed class BookingReservedDomainEventHandler : INotificationHandler<BookingReservedDomainEvent>
{private readonly IBookingRepository _bookingRepository;private readonly IUserRepository _userRepository;private readonly IEmailService _emailService;public BookingReservedDomainEventHandler(IEmailService emailService, IUserRepository userRepository, IBookingRepository bookingRepository){_emailService = emailService;_userRepository = userRepository;_bookingRepository = bookingRepository;}public async Task Handle(BookingReservedDomainEvent notification, CancellationToken cancellationToken){//通过事件里传来的 BookingId 从数据库查出预订信息。Booking? booking = await _bookingRepository.GetByIdAsync(notification.BookingId, cancellationToken);if (booking is null){return;}//根据 booking.UserId 查出用户信息。User? user = await _userRepository.GetByIdAsync(booking.UserId, cancellationToken);if (user is null){return;}//通过用户信息发送邮件。await _emailService.SendAsync(user.Email,"Booking reserved!","You have 10 minutes to confirm this booking");}
}

1.3 Query使用Sql查询

• 所有查询，直接使用Dapper

1. 创建Dapper的链接接口

• 用于连接数据库用

namespace Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Data;
//Dapper链接数据库的工厂接口
public interface ISqlConnectionFactory
{IDbConnection CreateConnection();
}

2. GetBookingQuery

• GetBookingQuery：传入BookingID,返回BookingResponse

using Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Messaging;
namespace Bookify.Application.Bookings.GetBooking;
public sealed record GetBookingQuery(Guid BookingId) : IQuery<BookingResponse>;

• BookingResponse.cs

namespace Bookify.Application.Bookings.GetBooking;
public sealed class BookingResponse
{public Guid Id { get; init; }public Guid UserId { get; init; }public Guid ApartmentId { get; init; }    public int Status { get; init; }public decimal PriceAmount { get; init; }public string PriceCurrency { get; init; }public decimal CleaningFeeAmount { get; init; }public string CleaningFeeCurrency { get; init; }public decimal AmenitiesUpChargeAmount { get; init; }public string AmenitiesUpChargeCurrency { get; init; }public decimal TotalPriceAmount { get; init; }public string TotalPriceCurrency { get; init; }public DateOnly DurationStart { get; init; }public DateOnly DurationEnd { get; init; }public DateTime CreatedOnUtc { get; init; }
}

3. QueryHandler

using System.Data;
using Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Data;
using Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Messaging;
using Bookify.Domain.Abstractions;
using Dapper;namespace Bookify.Application.Bookings.GetBooking;
internal sealed class GetBookingQueryHandler : IQueryHandler<GetBookingQuery, BookingResponse>
{private readonly ISqlConnectionFactory _sqlConnectionFactory;public GetBookingQueryHandler(ISqlConnectionFactory sqlConnectionFactory){_sqlConnectionFactory = sqlConnectionFactory;}public async Task<Result<BookingResponse>> Handle(GetBookingQuery request, CancellationToken cancellationToken){//创建数据库连接using IDbConnection connection = _sqlConnectionFactory.CreateConnection();//执行的sqlconst string sql = """SELECTid AS Id,apartment_id AS ApartmentId,user_id AS UserId,status AS Status,price_for_period_amount AS PriceAmount,price_for_period_currency AS PriceCurrency,cleaning_fee_amount AS CleaningFeeAmount,cleaning_fee_currency AS CleaningFeeCurrency,amenities_up_charge_amount AS AmenitiesUpChargeAmount,amenities_up_charge_currency AS AmenitiesUpChargeCurrency,total_price_amount AS TotalPriceAmount,total_price_currency AS TotalPriceCurrency,duration_start AS DurationStart,duration_end AS DurationEnd,created_on_utc AS CreatedOnUtcFROM bookingsWHERE id = @BookingId""";//执行sqlBookingResponse? booking = await connection.QueryFirstOrDefaultAsync<BookingResponse>(sql,new{request.BookingId});return booking;}
}

二、垂直切片

2.1 Validator中间件

• 只Command进行验证，并且自动注入验证器

1. 创建中间件

• 只作用于 Command 类型，进行验证，并且会自动注入验证器，不用每次手动添加validator对于command的请求

namespace Bookify.Application.Abstractions.Behaviors;//只对继承IBaseCommand接口，进行处理
public class ValidationBehavior<TRequest, TResponse>: IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse> //IPipelineBehavior 是 MediatR 提供的接口，在请求发送到 handler 之前或之后插入额外逻辑where TRequest : IBaseCommand  //指定 TRequest 必须实现 IBaseCommand 接口
{//1.获取所有的验证器private readonly IEnumerable<IValidator<TRequest>> _validators;//2.构造函数注入所有的验证器public ValidationBehavior(IEnumerable<IValidator<TRequest>> validators){_validators = validators;}//3.IPipelineBehavior核心方法public async Task<TResponse> Handle(TRequest request,RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next,CancellationToken cancellationToken){if (!_validators.Any()){return await next();}//4.创建一个验证上下文对象，将请求传入给 FluentValidation 使用var context = new ValidationContext<TRequest>(request);//5.使用 LINQ 查询验证器，获取验证结果var validationErrors = _validators.Select(validator => validator.Validate(context)).Where(validationResult => validationResult.Errors.Any()).SelectMany(validationResult => validationResult.Errors).Select(validationFailure => new ValidationError(validationFailure.PropertyName,validationFailure.ErrorMessage)).ToList();//6.如果验证失败，抛出 ValidationException 异常if (validationErrors.Any()){throw new Exceptions.ValidationException(validationErrors);}return await next();}
}

2. 创建ValidationError

• 用于存储验证错误的实例

1. 创建一个ValidationError的类

namespace Bookify.Application.Exceptions;public sealed record ValidationError(string PropertyName, string ErrorMessage);

2. 实例化ValidationError，并且将错误存储到列表里

public sealed class ValidationException : Exception
{public ValidationException(IEnumerable<ValidationError> errors){Errors = errors;}public IEnumerable<ValidationError> Errors { get; }

3. 注册服务

1. 注册中间件，在MR服务里
2. 注册所有的validator
   

2.2 LoggingBehavior中间件

• 我们对Command 进行特殊单独的Logging逻辑，因为这里使用了Dapper直接写了sql，所以，没有必要使用日志记录Sql，这样提高了程序性能

1. 创建中间件

• 只对IBaseCommand实现的类进行特殊化logging处理

public class LoggingBehavior<TRequest, TResponse>: IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse>where TRequest : IBaseCommand
{private readonly ILogger<TRequest> _logger;public LoggingBehavior(ILogger<TRequest> logger){_logger = logger;}public async Task<TResponse> Handle(TRequest request,RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next,CancellationToken cancellationToken){string name = request.GetType().Name;try{_logger.LogInformation("Executing command {Command}", name);TResponse result = await next();_logger.LogInformation("Command {Command} processed successfully", name);return result;}catch (Exception exception){_logger.LogError(exception, "Command {Command} processing failed", name);throw;}}
}

2. 注册服务

configuration.AddOpenBehavior(typeof(LoggingBehavior<,>));