通过vue-pdf和print-js实现PDF和图片在线预览

npm install vue-pdf
npm install print-js

<template><div><!-- PDF 预览模态框 --><a-modal:visible="showDialog":footer="null"@cancel="handleCancel":width="800":maskClosable="true":keyboard="true"><div style="overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; height: 600px"><!-- 使用 sticky 定位打印按钮 --><div style="position: sticky; top: 0; background: white; padding: 0px 0; z-index: 1;"><a-buttonshape="round"icon="file-pdf"@click="handlePrint"size="small"style="margin-bottom: 10px">打印</a-button></div><div id="printFrom"><pdfv-if="isPdf"ref="pdf"v-for="item in pageTotal":src="previewFileSrc":key="item":page="item"></pdf><imgv-else-if="isImage":src="previewImage"style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 500px; display: block; margin: 0 auto"/><div v-else style="text-align: center"><p>不支持预览此文件类型</p><a :href="previewFileSrc" download>下载文件</a></div></div></div></a-modal></div>
</template><script>
import Vue from "vue";
import { ACCESS_TOKEN } from "@/store/mutation-types";
import { getFileAccessHttpUrl } from "@/api/manage";
import pdf from "vue-pdf";
import printJS from "print-js";const FILE_TYPE_ALL = "all";
const FILE_TYPE_IMG = "image";
const FILE_TYPE_TXT = "file";export default {name: "AutoFilePreview",components: { pdf },props: {// 是否显示预览showDialog: {type: Boolean,default: false,},},data() {return {fileUrl: null,printData: {printable: "printFrom",header: "",ignore: ["no-print"],},previewImage: "",previewFileSrc: "",pageTotal: null,isImage: false,isPdf: false,};},watch: {fileUrl: {immediate: true,handler(newVal) {if (newVal) {this.previewFileSrc = newVal;this.checkFileType();}},},showDialog: {immediate: true,handler(newVal) {if (newVal && this.fileUrl) {this.previewFileSrc = this.fileUrl;this.checkFileType();}},},},methods: {handlePrint() {printJS({printable: "printFrom",type: "html",header: "",targetStyles: ["*"],style: "@page {margin:0 10mm};",ignoreElements: ["no-print"],});this.test();},async checkFileType() {// 重置状态this.isImage = false;this.isPdf = false;// 获取文件类型const fileType = this.matchFileType(this.fileUrl);if (fileType === "image") {this.previewImage = this.fileUrl;this.isImage = true;this.pageTotal = 1;} else if (fileType === "pdf") {this.isPdf = true;await this.getTotal();} else {// 其他文件类型直接下载this.isImage = false;this.isPdf = false;}},async getTotal() {try {// 多页pdf的src中不能直接使用后端获取的pdf地址// 需要使用下述方法的返回值作为urlconst loadingTask = pdf.createLoadingTask(this.previewFileSrc);this.previewFileSrc = loadingTask;// 获取页码const pdfDoc = await loadingTask.promise;this.pageTotal = pdfDoc.numPages;} catch (error) {console.error("PDF加载错误:", error);this.$message.error("PDF文件加载失败");}},matchFileType(fileName) {// 后缀获取let suffix = "";// 获取类型结果let result = "";// 从URL中提取文件名const urlParts = fileName.split("/");const fullFileName = urlParts[urlParts.length - 1];try {// 截取文件后缀suffix = fullFileName.substr(fullFileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1, fullFileName.length);// 文件后缀转小写，方便匹配suffix = suffix.toLowerCase();} catch (err) {suffix = "";}// fileName无后缀返回 falseif (!suffix) {result = false;return result;}const fileTypeList = [// 图片类型{ typeName: "image", types: ["png", "jpg", "jpeg", "bmp", "gif"] },// 文本类型{ typeName: "txt", types: ["txt"] },// excel类型{ typeName: "excel", types: ["xls", "xlsx"] },{ typeName: "word", types: ["doc", "docx"] },{ typeName: "pdf", types: ["pdf"] },{ typeName: "ppt", types: ["ppt"] },// 视频类型{ typeName: "video", types: ["mp4", "m2v", "mkv"] },// 音频{ typeName: "radio", types: ["mp3", "wav", "wmv"] },];for (let i = 0; i < fileTypeList.length; i++) {const fileTypeItem = fileTypeList[i];const typeName = fileTypeItem.typeName;const types = fileTypeItem.types;result = types.some(function(item) {return item === suffix;});if (result) {return typeName;}}return "other";},handleCancel() {this.$emit("update:showDialog", false);},loadFileUrl(url) {this.fileUrl = url}},
};
</script><style lang="less" scoped>
/* 可以根据需要添加样式 */
</style>

父组件调用

 <a-button:ghost="true"type="primary"icon="eye"size="small"@click="showFilePreview(text)">预览</a-button>
<auto-file-preview ref="autoFilePreview" :show-dialog.sync="showPreview"></auto-file-preview>

showFilePreview(url){this.showPreview = truethis.$refs.autoFilePreview.loadFileUrl(this.getImgView(url))
}

show-dialog是否展示true,false

效果：

进阶版，支持word，excel，音频，视频预览，组件使用方式相同

先安装所需依赖：
npm install xlsx mammoth

<template><div><a-modal:visible="showDialog":footer="null"@cancel="handleCancel":width="800":maskClosable="true":keyboard="true"><div style="overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; height: 600px"><div style="position: sticky; top: 0; background: white; padding: 10px 0; z-index: 1;"><a-buttonshape="round"icon="file-pdf"@click="handlePrint"size="small"style="margin-bottom: 10px">打印</a-button></div><div id="printFrom"><pdfv-if="isPdf"ref="pdf"v-for="item in pageTotal":src="previewFileSrc":key="item":page="item"></pdf><imgv-else-if="isImage":src="previewImage"style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 500px; display: block; margin: 0 auto"/><pre v-else-if="isText" style="white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;">{{ textContent }}</pre><table v-else-if="isExcel"><tr v-for="(row, index) in excelData" :key="index"><td v-for="(value, key) in row" :key="key">{{ value }}</td></tr></table><pre v-else-if="isWord" style="white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;">{{ wordContent }}</pre><videov-else-if="isVideo"controlsstyle="max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 0 auto"><source :src="previewFileSrc" :type="getVideoType(previewFileSrc)" />您的浏览器不支持视频标签。</video><audiov-else-if="isAudio"controlsstyle="display: block; margin: 0 auto"><source :src="previewFileSrc" :type="getAudioType(previewFileSrc)" />您的浏览器不支持音频标签。</audio><div v-else-if="isUnsupported" style="text-align: center"><p>不支持预览此文件类型</p><a :href="previewFileSrc" download>下载文件</a></div></div></div></a-modal></div>
</template><script>
import pdf from "vue-pdf";
import printJS from "print-js";
import * as XLSX from "xlsx";
import mammoth from "mammoth";export default {name: "AutoFilePreview",components: { pdf },props: {showDialog: {type: Boolean,default: false,},},data() {return {fileUrl: null,previewImage: "",previewFileSrc: "",pageTotal: null,isImage: false,isPdf: false,isText: false,isExcel: false,isWord: false,isVideo: false,isAudio: false,isUnsupported: false,textContent: "",excelData: [],wordContent: "",};},watch: {fileUrl: {immediate: true,handler(newVal) {if (newVal) {this.previewFileSrc = newVal;this.checkFileType();}},},showDialog: {immediate: true,handler(newVal) {if (newVal && this.fileUrl) {this.previewFileSrc = this.fileUrl;this.checkFileType();}},},},methods: {handlePrint() {printJS({printable: "printFrom",type: "html",header: "",targetStyles: ["*"],style: "@page {margin:0 10mm};",ignoreElements: ["no-print"],});},async checkFileType() {this.isImage = false;this.isPdf = false;this.isText = false;this.isExcel = false;this.isWord = false;this.isVideo = false;this.isAudio = false;this.isUnsupported = false;const fileType = this.matchFileType(this.fileUrl);if (fileType === "image") {this.previewImage = this.fileUrl;this.isImage = true;this.pageTotal = 1;} else if (fileType === "pdf") {this.isPdf = true;await this.getTotal();} else if (fileType === "txt") {await this.fetchTextFile();this.isText = true;} else if (fileType === "excel") {await this.fetchExcelFile();this.isExcel = true;} else if (fileType === "word") {await this.fetchWordFile();this.isWord = true;} else if (fileType === "video") {this.isVideo = true;} else if (fileType === "audio") {this.isAudio = true;} else {this.isUnsupported = true;}},async getTotal() {try {const loadingTask = pdf.createLoadingTask(this.previewFileSrc);const pdfDoc = await loadingTask.promise;this.pageTotal = pdfDoc.numPages;} catch (error) {console.error("PDF加载错误:", error);this.$message.error("PDF文件加载失败");}},matchFileType(fileName) {let suffix = "";try {suffix = fileName.split(".").pop().toLowerCase();} catch (e) {suffix = "";}const fileTypeList = [{ typeName: "image", types: ["png", "jpg", "jpeg", "bmp", "gif"] },{ typeName: "pdf", types: ["pdf"] },{ typeName: "txt", types: ["txt"] },{ typeName: "excel", types: ["xls", "xlsx"] },{ typeName: "word", types: ["doc", "docx"] },{ typeName: "video", types: ["mp4", "webm", "ogg", "mov", "avi"] },{ typeName: "audio", types: ["mp3", "wav", "ogg", "aac"] },];for (const fileTypeItem of fileTypeList) {if (fileTypeItem.types.includes(suffix)) {return fileTypeItem.typeName;}}return "other";},async fetchTextFile() {try {const response = await fetch(this.fileUrl);this.textContent = await response.text();} catch (error) {console.error("加载文本文件失败:", error);this.$message.error("文件加载失败");}},async fetchExcelFile() {try {const response = await fetch(this.fileUrl);const arrayBuffer = await response.arrayBuffer();const workbook = XLSX.read(arrayBuffer, { type: "array" });const firstSheetName = workbook.SheetNames[0];const worksheet = workbook.Sheets[firstSheetName];this.excelData = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(worksheet);} catch (error) {console.error("加载 Excel 文件失败:", error);this.$message.error("文件加载失败");}},async fetchWordFile() {try {const response = await fetch(this.fileUrl);const arrayBuffer = await response.arrayBuffer();const result = await mammoth.extractRawText({ arrayBuffer });this.wordContent = result.value;} catch (error) {console.error("加载 Word 文件失败:", error);this.$message.error("文件加载失败");}},getVideoType(url) {let suffix = "";try {suffix = url.split(".").pop().toLowerCase();} catch (e) {suffix = "";}const videoTypes = {mp4: "video/mp4",webm: "video/webm",ogg: "video/ogg",mov: "video/quicktime",avi: "video/x-msvideo",};return videoTypes[suffix] || "video/mp4";},getAudioType(url) {let suffix = "";try {suffix = url.split(".").pop().toLowerCase();} catch (e) {suffix = "";}const audioTypes = {mp3: "audio/mpeg",wav: "audio/wav",ogg: "audio/ogg",aac: "audio/aac",};return audioTypes[suffix] || "audio/mpeg";},handleCancel() {this.$emit("update:showDialog", false);},loadFileUrl(url) {this.fileUrl = url;},},
};
</script><style lang="less" scoped>
/* 可以根据需要添加样式 */
</style>