简易图书管理系统（面向对象思想）

目录

前言

       1.整体思路

2.Book包

2.1Book类

2.2BookList类

3.user包

3.1User类

3.2NormalUser类

3.3AdminUser类

4.operation

4.1IOPeration接口

4.2ExitOperation类

4.3FindOperation类

4.4ShowOperation类

4.5AddOperation类

4.6DelOperation类

4.7BorrowOperation类

4.8ReturnOperation类

5.Text类

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前言

该图书管理系统充分展示面向对象思想，是类与对象，封装，继承，多态，抽象类，接口等知识的融合体现。

若有不了解的内容，可以查看本博主的曾写的相关内容。

面向对象程序三大特性一：封装（超详细）_WHabcwu的博客-CSDN博客

面向对象程序三大特性一：多态（超详细）_WHabcwu的博客-CSDN博客

面向对象程序三大特性一：多态（超详细）_WHabcwu的博客-CSDN博客

抽象类的顶级理解_WHabcwu的博客-CSDN博客

接口的顶级理解_WHabcwu的博客-CSDN博客

需求：登录的用户分为普通用户和管理员，实现界面目录的需求（均用姓名索引）。 

普通用户登录后界面：

管理员用户登录后界面：

图书管理系统已有图书如下：

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1.整体思路

面向对象思想解决问题主要分为这3步：

• 找出其中的所有的对象
• 实现所有的对象
• 完成对象之间的交互

在图书管理系统中我们可以想到这几个对象：书，用户（普通用户和管理员），存放书的书架。 

操作太多这里推荐新建将所有的操作都单独封装成一个类。

分为三个包进行实现：

book包里面实现书类和书架类

operation包里实现我们的操作类

user包里实现普通用户类与管理员类

其中所有的操作都实现名为IOperation的接口。便于统一管理（多态的体现）

普通用户和管理员都继承用户User这个父类。

实现所有类如下：

 

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2.Book包

2.1Book类

在这个类实现的是我们图书该有的属性，与相应的构造方法，以及为了方便我们打印而重写的toString方法

package book;public class Book {private String name;private String author;private int price;private String type;private boolean isBorrowed;public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {this.name = name;this.author = author;this.price = price;this.type = type;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getAuthor() {return author;}public void setAuthor(String author) {this.author = author;}public int getPrice() {return price;}public void setPrice(int price) {this.price = price;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String type) {this.type = type;}public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {isBorrowed = borrowed;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +", author='" + author + '\'' +", price=" + price +", type='" + type + '\'' +", "+(isBorrowed==false?"未被借出":"已被借出")+'}';}
}

2.2BookList类

我们需要存放很多Book的数组，操作的数组，加入图书管理系统已有图书。

public class BookList {private Book books[]=new Book[100];private  int useSize;public BookList() {this.books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",10,"小说");this.books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",9,"小说");this.books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",19,"小说");this.useSize = 3;}public int getUseSize() {return useSize;}public void setUseSize(int useSize) {this.useSize = useSize;}public Book getbook(int pose){return books[pose];}public void setbook(int pose,Book book){books[pose]=book;}public Book[] getBooks() {return books;}
}

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3.user包

3.1User类

这里的User类是作为NormalUser类与AdminUser类的父类，是一个抽象类。

package user;import book.BookList;
import operation.IOperation;public abstract class User {protected String name;IOperation iOperations[];public User(String name) {this.name = name;}public abstract int menu();public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList){iOperations[choice].work(bookList);}}

3.2NormalUser类

package user;import operation.*;import java.util.Scanner;public class NormalUser extends User {public NormalUser(String name) {super(name);this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{new ExitOperation(), new FindOperation(),new BorrowOperation(), new ReturnOperation(),new ShowOperation()};}@Overridepublic int menu() {System.out.println("**************************");System.out.println("1.查阅图书");System.out.println("2.借阅图书");System.out.println("3.归还图书");System.out.println("4.显示图书");System.out.println("0.退出系统");System.out.println("**************************");System.out.println("请输入你的操作");Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);int choice = scanner.nextInt();return choice;}}

3.3AdminUser类

package user;import operation.*;import java.util.Scanner;public class AdminUser extends User{public AdminUser(String name) {super(name);this.iOperations=new IOperation[]{new ExitOperation(),new FindOperation(),new AddOperation(), new DelOperation(),new ShowOperation()};}public int menu(){System.out.println("**************************");System.out.println("1.查找图书");System.out.println("2.新增图书");System.out.println("3.删除图书");System.out.println("4.显示图书");System.out.println("0.退出系统");System.out.println("**************************");Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入你的操作");int choice=scanner.nextInt();return choice;}
}

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4.operation

4.1IOPeration接口

会有一个work的抽象方法，参数类型为BookList的

package operation;import book.BookList;public interface IOperation {
void work(BookList bookList);
}

4.2ExitOperation类

用于退出该系统

package operation;import book.BookList;public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {System.out.println("退出系统");}
}

4.3FindOperation类

用于查找图书

package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;public class FindOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {int size=bookList.getUseSize();Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入你要查询的书名");String name=scanner.nextLine();for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {Book book = bookList.getbook(i);if(book.getName().equals(name)){System.out.println("找到这本书，信息如下");System.out.println(book);return;}}System.out.println("查无此书");}
}

4.4ShowOperation类

用于展示所有图书

package operation;import book.Book;
import book.BookList;public class ShowOperation implements IOperation {@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {int size=bookList.getUseSize();for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {Book book = bookList.getbook(i);System.out.println(book);}}
}

4.5AddOperation类

用于添加图书

package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class AddOperation implements IOperation {@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {int size=bookList.getUseSize();if(size==bookList.getBooks().length){System.out.println("书架已满，无法添加图书");return;}Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入添加书的书名");String name=scanner.nextLine();System.out.println("请输入添加书的作者");String author=scanner.nextLine();System.out.println("请输入添加书的类型");String type=scanner.nextLine();System.out.println("请输入添加书的价格");int price=scanner.nextInt();Book book = new Book(name, author, price, type);for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {if(bookList.getbook(i).getName().equals(name)){System.out.println("该书已有，不再存入");return;}}bookList.setbook(size,book);bookList.setUseSize(size+1);}}

4.6DelOperation类

用于删除图书

package operation;import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;public class DelOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入要删除书的书名");String name=scanner.nextLine();int size = bookList.getUseSize();int i=0;for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {if(bookList.getbook(i).getName().equals(name)){break;}}if(i==size){System.out.println("你要删除的书不存在");return;}int j=0;for ( j = i; j <size-1; j++) {bookList.setbook(j,bookList.getbook(j+1));}bookList.setbook(j,null);bookList.setUseSize(size-1);System.out.println("删除成功");}
}

4.7BorrowOperation类

package operation;import book.BookList;import java.util.Scanner;public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入要借阅书的书名");int size=bookList.getUseSize();String name=scanner.nextLine();for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {if(bookList.getbook(i).getName().equals(name)){bookList.getbook(i).setBorrowed(true);System.out.println("成功借出");return;}}System.out.println("你要借的书不存在");}
}

4.8ReturnOperation类

package operation;import book.BookList;import java.util.Scanner;public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入要还的书的书名");int size=bookList.getUseSize();String name=scanner.nextLine();for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {if(bookList.getbook(i).getName().equals(name)){bookList.getbook(i).setBorrowed(false);System.out.println("成功归还");return;}}System.out.println("你要还的书不存在");}
}

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5.Text类

import java.util.Scanner;import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;public class Text {
public static User login(){Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入你的姓名");String name=scanner.nextLine();System.out.println("请输入你的身份:> 1.管理员  2.普通用户");int choice=scanner.nextInt();if(choice==1){return new AdminUser(name);}else {return new NormalUser(name);}}public static void main(String[] args) {BookList bookList = new BookList();User user=login();int choice=-1;do{choice=user.menu();user.doOperation(choice,bookList);}while (choice!=0);}
}

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