ESP8266 WiFi物联网智能插座—下位机软件实现

目录

1、软件架构

2、开发环境 

3、软件功能

4、程序设计

4.1、初始化

4.2、主循环状态机

4.3、初始化模式

4.4、配置模式

4.5、运行模式

4.6、重启模式

4.7、升级模式

5、程序功能特点

5.1、日志管理

5.2、数据缓存队列

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本篇博文开始讲解下位机插座节点的MCU软件程序是如何实现。

1、软件架构

下位机软件架构采用前后台控制系统，使用状态机思维实现程序设计。

2、开发环境 

开发环境使用Arduino IDE，IDE安装过程可参见：https://handsome-man.blog.csdn.net/article/details/121195905

智能插座的控制器是ESP8266，需要在IDE中安装该开发包，如下图所示：

3、软件功能

下位机软件整功能如下图所示：

4、程序设计

4.1、初始化

节点上电后会执行初始化，初始化程序顺序执行，代码如下所示：

  Init_Log();Log.verboseln("config start!");Log.verboseln("init IO");Init_IO();Log.verboseln("IO OK!");Log.verboseln("init EEPROM");Init_EEPROM();if(Device_VariableInitial(MODE1) == STATUS_SUCCESS){Log.verboseln("EEPROM OK!");}else{Log.errorln("EEPROM ERROR!");}Log.verboseln("init data queue");Init_queue();Log.verboseln("data queue OK!");Log.verboseln("init WiFi and server");if(Init_WIFI() == STATUS_SUCCESS){Log.verboseln("WiFi and server OK!");}else{Log.errorln("WiFi and server ERROR!");}Log.verboseln("init time");Init_Time();Log.verboseln("time OK!");Log.verboseln("init electrical parameter");// Init_BL0942();  // 串口初始化时，已经初始化波特率Log.verboseln("electrical parameter OK!");Log.verboseln("config end!");program_state.run_state = INIT_STATE;

初始化时候有两点需要注意：

1、节点的日志打印和采集电参数据使用同一路UART，在正式版本软件中，为了避免出现数据错乱的问题，需要将日志打印功能关闭，使#define LOG_OFF 0。

 /********************************************************************************** \brief  初始化log日志模块**** \param  无**** \retval 无********************************************************************************/
void Init_Log(void)
{Serial.begin(4800, SERIAL_8N1);  // 4800bps 无校验Serial.println();Log.setPrefix(printPrefix); // set prefix similar to NLogLog.setSuffix(printSuffix); // set suffix Log.begin(LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE, &Serial);Log.setShowLevel(false);    // Do not show loglevel, we will do this in the prefix#if LOG_OFFDeInit_Log();#endif
}

 2、E2PROM使用ESP8266内置的Flash模拟。默认情况下，每次线烧程序、OTA升级程序，这部分存储的配置并不会覆盖或者更新，只有上位机下发更新配置参数才会修改。如果想线烧程序更改配置，需要先将标志位#define DEVICE_FLAG   0XAA55修改成非0XAA55的其他数值。

4.2、主循环状态机

在主循环中使用1ms周期调度维护软件状态机，节点运行有5种状态模式：初始化模式、配置模式、运行模式、重启模式和升级模式。节点默认处于运行模式，代码如下所示：

    switch(program_state.run_state){// 初始化模式case INIT_STATE:Init_State();break;// 配置模式case CONFIG_STATE:Config_State();break;// 运行模式case RUN_STATE:Run_State();break;// 重启模式case RESET_STATE:Reset_State();break;// 升级模式case UPDATA_STATE:Updata_State();break;}

4.3、初始化模式

初始化模式中初始化一些变量数据。

初始化模式中，有一个机制，第一次连接立刻上传一次数据到服务器，否则就按照默认的60秒周期上报数据，第一次上报数据会很慢。代码如下所示：

 /********************************************************************************** \brief  初始化状态逻辑**** \param  无**** \retval 无********************************************************************************/
void Init_State(void)
{wifi_send_data.device_head = DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID1;wifi_send_data.device_id = DeviceParamSave.device_id;memcpy(&(wifi_send_data.software_version), &(DeviceParamSave.software_version), 15);memcpy(&(wifi_send_data.hardware_version), &(DeviceParamSave.hardware_version), 15);memcpy(&(wifi_send_data.release_time), &(DeviceParamSave.release_time), 10);wifi_send_data.upload_cycle = DeviceParamSave.upload_cycle;wifi_send_data.sample_cycle = DeviceParamSave.sample_cycle;program_state.run_state_time = (DeviceParamSave.upload_cycle * 1000);  // 第一次连接立刻上传一次数据到服务器program_state.run_state = RUN_STATE;
}

4.4、配置模式

配置模式可接收上位机下发的配置参数，存储到节点E2PROM中。

配置模式有超时机制，3分钟上位机未下发配置参数，自动跳转到运行模式。

更新配置参数后，由配置模式切换到重启模式，节电重启。

代码如下所示：

 /********************************************************************************** \brief  配置状态逻辑**** \param  无**** \retval 无********************************************************************************/
void Config_State(void)
{program_state.config_state_time++;if(program_state.config_state_time >= CYCLE_TIME_180SEC){LED_OFF;program_state.config_state_time = 0;program_state.run_state = RUN_STATE;Log.warningln("config timeout");Log.warningln("switch run state");}// 处理WiFi接收的数据if(wifi_receive_flag == true){if(receive_data[0] == DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID4){memcpy(&wifi_receive_config, receive_data, sizeof(ReceiveConfig_t));if((wifi_receive_config.device_old_head == (DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID4)) && (wifi_receive_config.device_old_id == (DeviceParamSave.device_id) || (wifi_receive_config.device_old_id == 0XFFFF))){crc_temp = check_crc16((uint8_t *)&wifi_receive_config, wifi_receive_config.device_len - 2);if(wifi_receive_config.crc == crc_temp){if(wifi_receive_config.device_config_type == 0) // 默认配置{Log.verboseln("default setting...");DeviceParamSave.device_flag = DEVICE_FLAG;if((wifi_receive_config.device_new_head != 0) && (wifi_receive_config.device_new_head !=  DeviceParamSave.device_head)){DeviceParamSave.device_head = wifi_receive_config.device_new_head;}else{Log.verboseln("DEVICE_HEAD 0 or invariant");}if((wifi_receive_config.device_new_id != 0) && (wifi_receive_config.device_new_id !=  DeviceParamSave.device_id)){DeviceParamSave.device_id = wifi_receive_config.device_new_id;}else{Log.verboseln("DEVICE_ID 0 or invariant");}if((strcmp(wifi_receive_config.software_version, "") != 0) && (strcmp(wifi_receive_config.software_version, DeviceParamSave.software_version) != 0)){memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.software_version), &(wifi_receive_config.software_version), 15);}else{Log.verboseln("SW_VERSION null or invariant");}if((strcmp(wifi_receive_config.hardware_version, "") != 0) && (strcmp(wifi_receive_config.hardware_version, DeviceParamSave.hardware_version) != 0)){memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.hardware_version), &(wifi_receive_config.hardware_version), 15);}else{Log.verboseln("HW_VERSION null or invariant");}if((strcmp(wifi_receive_config.release_time, "") != 0) && (strcmp(wifi_receive_config.release_time, DeviceParamSave.release_time) != 0)){memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.release_time), &(wifi_receive_config.release_time), 10);}else{Log.verboseln("RELEASE_TIME null or invariant");}if((wifi_receive_config.upload_cycle != 0) && (wifi_receive_config.upload_cycle !=  DeviceParamSave.upload_cycle)){DeviceParamSave.upload_cycle = wifi_receive_config.upload_cycle;}else{Log.verboseln("UPLOAD_CYCLE 0 or invariant");}if((wifi_receive_config.sample_cycle != 0) && (wifi_receive_config.sample_cycle !=  DeviceParamSave.sample_cycle)){DeviceParamSave.sample_cycle = wifi_receive_config.sample_cycle;}else{Log.verboseln("SAMPLE_CYCLE 0 or invariant");}if((strcmp(wifi_receive_config.wifi_ssid, "") != 0) && (strcmp(wifi_receive_config.wifi_ssid, DeviceParamSave.wifi_ssid) != 0)){memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.wifi_ssid), &(wifi_receive_config.wifi_ssid), 64);}else{Log.verboseln("WIFI_SSID null or invariant");}if((strcmp(wifi_receive_config.wifi_password, "") != 0) && (strcmp(wifi_receive_config.wifi_password, DeviceParamSave.wifi_password) != 0)){memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.wifi_password), &(wifi_receive_config.wifi_password), 64);}else{Log.verboseln("WIFI_PASSWORD null or invariant");}if((strcmp(wifi_receive_config.server_ip, "") != 0) && (strcmp(wifi_receive_config.server_ip, DeviceParamSave.server_ip) != 0)){memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.server_ip), &(wifi_receive_config.server_ip), 64);}else{Log.verboseln("SERVER_IP null or invariant");}if((wifi_receive_config.server_port != 0) && (wifi_receive_config.server_port !=  DeviceParamSave.server_port)){DeviceParamSave.server_port = wifi_receive_config.server_port;}else{Log.verboseln("SERVER_PORT 0 or invariant");}}else if(wifi_receive_config.device_config_type == 1) // 恢复出厂设置{Log.verboseln("factory data reset...");DeviceParamSave.device_flag = DEVICE_FLAG;DeviceParamSave.device_head = DEVICE_HEAD;DeviceParamSave.device_id = DEVICE_ID;memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.software_version), SW_VERSION, strlen(SW_VERSION));memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.hardware_version), HW_VERSION, strlen(HW_VERSION));memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.release_time), RELEASE_TIME, strlen(RELEASE_TIME));DeviceParamSave.upload_cycle = UPLOAD_CYCLE;DeviceParamSave.sample_cycle = SAMPLE_CYCLE;memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.wifi_ssid), WIFI_SSID, strlen(WIFI_SSID));memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.wifi_password), WIFI_PASSWORD, strlen(WIFI_PASSWORD));memcpy(&(DeviceParamSave.server_ip), SERVER_IP, strlen(SERVER_IP));DeviceParamSave.server_port = SERVER_PORT;}DeviceParamSave.crc = check_crc16((uint8_t *)&DeviceParamSave, sizeof(DeviceParamSave_t) - 2);Log.verboseln("DEVICE_HEAD:0X%X", DeviceParamSave.device_head);Log.verboseln("DEVICE_ID:0X%X", DeviceParamSave.device_id);Log.verboseln("SW_VERSION:%S", DeviceParamSave.software_version);Log.verboseln("HW_VERSION:%S", DeviceParamSave.hardware_version);Log.verboseln("RELEASE_TIME:%S", DeviceParamSave.release_time);Log.verboseln("UPLOAD_CYCLE:%d", DeviceParamSave.upload_cycle);Log.verboseln("SAMPLE_CYCLE:%d", DeviceParamSave.sample_cycle);Log.verboseln("WIFI_SSID:%S", DeviceParamSave.wifi_ssid);Log.verboseln("WIFI_PASSWORD:%S", DeviceParamSave.wifi_password);Log.verboseln("SERVER_IP:%S", DeviceParamSave.server_ip);Log.verboseln("SERVER_PORT:%d", DeviceParamSave.server_port);if(Device_SaveParam() == STATUS_SUCCESS){// 成功响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_config.device_old_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_SUCCESS;program_state.config_state_time = 0;program_state.run_state = RESET_STATE;  // 配置成功，重启节点Log.verboseln("config successful");Log.verboseln("switch reset state");}else{// 失败响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_config.device_old_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_ERROR;Log.errorln("config fail");}}else{// 失败响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_config.device_old_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_ERROR;Log.errorln("verify error");}}else{// 失败响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_config.device_old_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_ERROR;Log.errorln("frame error");}// WiFi发送响应组包wifi_send_state.device_head = DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID2;wifi_send_state.device_len = sizeof(SendState_t);wifi_send_state.device_id = DeviceParamSave.device_id;memcpy(&(wifi_send_state.software_version), &(DeviceParamSave.software_version), 15);memcpy(&(wifi_send_state.hardware_version), &(DeviceParamSave.hardware_version), 15);wifi_send_state.crc = check_crc16((uint8_t *)&wifi_send_state, wifi_send_state.device_len - 2);WIFI_send_data((char *)&wifi_send_state, wifi_send_state.device_len);}// 清除数据缓存memset(receive_data, 0, wifi_receive_config.device_len);  memset((char *)&wifi_send_state, 0, wifi_send_state.device_len);memset((char *)&wifi_receive_config, 0, wifi_receive_config.device_len);wifi_receive_flag = false;  // 处理完成后，方可接收WiFi新数据}
}

4.5、运行模式

只有在运行模式下，上位机才可以切换到配置模式、重启模式和升级模式，其他模式暂不支持远程控制模式切换。

运行模式下可周期上报节点数据，以及支持上位机控制继电器开关。

代码如下所示：

 /********************************************************************************** \brief  运行状态逻辑**** \param  无**** \retval 无********************************************************************************/
void Run_State(void)
{program_state.run_state_time++;// 处理WiFi接收的数据if(wifi_receive_flag == true){if(receive_data[0] == DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID3){memcpy(&wifi_receive_mode_data, receive_data, sizeof(ReceiveData_Mode_t));if((wifi_receive_mode_data.device_head == (DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID3)) && (wifi_receive_mode_data.device_id == (DeviceParamSave.device_id) || (wifi_receive_mode_data.device_id == 0XFFFF))){crc_temp = check_crc16((uint8_t *)&wifi_receive_mode_data, wifi_receive_mode_data.device_len - 2);if(wifi_receive_mode_data.crc == crc_temp){if(wifi_receive_mode_data.switch_mode == 0){program_state.run_state = RUN_STATE;Log.verboseln("keep run state");}else if(wifi_receive_mode_data.switch_mode == 1){RELAY_OFF;  // 进入配置模式，要断开继电器program_state.run_state = CONFIG_STATE;Log.verboseln("switch config state");}else if(wifi_receive_mode_data.switch_mode == 2){RELAY_OFF;  // 进入升级模式，要断开继电器program_state.run_state = UPDATA_STATE;Log.verboseln("switch updata state");}else if(wifi_receive_mode_data.switch_mode == 3){RELAY_OFF;  // 进入重启模式，要断开继电器program_state.run_state = RESET_STATE;Log.verboseln("switch reset state");}// 成功响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_mode_data.device_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_SUCCESS;}else{// 失败响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_mode_data.device_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_ERROR;Log.errorln("verify error");}}else{// 失败响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_mode_data.device_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_ERROR;Log.errorln("frame error");}// WiFi发送响应组包wifi_send_state.device_head = DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID2;wifi_send_state.device_len = sizeof(SendState_t);wifi_send_state.device_id = DeviceParamSave.device_id;memcpy(&(wifi_send_state.software_version), &(DeviceParamSave.software_version), 15);memcpy(&(wifi_send_state.hardware_version), &(DeviceParamSave.hardware_version), 15);wifi_send_state.crc = check_crc16((uint8_t *)&wifi_send_state, wifi_send_state.device_len - 2);WIFI_send_data((char *)&wifi_send_state, wifi_send_state.device_len);}if(receive_data[0] == DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID5){memcpy(&wifi_receive_control_data, receive_data, sizeof(ReceiveData_Control_t));if((wifi_receive_control_data.device_head == (DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID5)) && (wifi_receive_control_data.device_id == (DeviceParamSave.device_id) || (wifi_receive_control_data.device_id == 0XFFFF))){crc_temp = check_crc16((uint8_t *)&wifi_receive_control_data, wifi_receive_control_data.device_len - 2);if(wifi_receive_control_data.crc == crc_temp){if(wifi_receive_control_data.relay_state == 0){RELAY_OFF;}else{RELAY_ON;}// 成功响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_control_data.device_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_SUCCESS;}else{// 失败响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_control_data.device_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_ERROR;Log.errorln("verify error");}}else{// 失败响应wifi_send_state.state_id = ((wifi_receive_control_data.device_head - DeviceParamSave.device_head) << 4) + STATUS_ERROR;Log.errorln("frame error");}// WiFi发送响应组包wifi_send_state.device_head = DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID2;wifi_send_state.device_len = sizeof(SendState_t);wifi_send_state.device_id = DeviceParamSave.device_id;memcpy(&(wifi_send_state.software_version), &(DeviceParamSave.software_version), 15);memcpy(&(wifi_send_state.hardware_version), &(DeviceParamSave.hardware_version), 15);wifi_send_state.crc = check_crc16((uint8_t *)&wifi_send_state, wifi_send_state.device_len - 2);WIFI_send_data((char *)&wifi_send_state, wifi_send_state.device_len);}// 清除数据缓存memset(receive_data, 0, wifi_receive_control_data.device_len);  memset((char *)&wifi_send_state, 0, wifi_send_state.device_len);memset((char *)&wifi_receive_mode_data, 0, wifi_receive_mode_data.device_len);memset((char *)&wifi_receive_control_data, 0, wifi_receive_control_data.device_len);wifi_receive_flag = false;  // 处理完成后，方可接收WiFi新数据}// 采集电压、电流和电耗，统计设备有效运行时间// 在逻辑上设定，采样时间要小于等于上传云端时间// 此项目中采样周期必须设定为1秒if((program_state.run_state_time % DeviceParamSave.sample_cycle) == 0){Updata_BL0942();wifi_send_data.voltage = getVoltage();     // 电压wifi_send_data.current = getCurrent();     // 电流wifi_send_data.power = getActivePower();   // 功率wifi_send_data.electricity = getEnergy();  // 电量if(wifi_send_data.power > 0.5)  // 功率大于0.5W，认为有负载{run_start_flag = true;  }else{run_start_flag = false; }}// 上传数据到服务器if(program_state.run_state_time >= (DeviceParamSave.upload_cycle * 1000)){program_state.run_state_time = 0;  // 上传周期时间要大于采样周期时间hours = run_time_ms / 3600000;minutes = (run_time_ms % 3600000) / 60000;seconds = (run_time_ms % 60000) / 1000;time_data = String(hours) + '-' + String(minutes) + '-' + String(seconds);memcpy(&(wifi_send_data.run_time), time_data.c_str(), time_data.length());for(uint8_t i = time_data.length(); i < 12; i++){wifi_send_data.run_time[i] = 0x00;}wifi_send_data.device_len = sizeof(SendData_t);wifi_send_data.crc = check_crc16((uint8_t *)&wifi_send_data, wifi_send_data.device_len - 2);WIFI_send_data((char *)&wifi_send_data, wifi_send_data.device_len);}
}

4.6、重启模式

确保缓存区数据都发送出去并且断开WiFi和服务器连接后节点重启。代码如下所示：

 /********************************************************************************** \brief  重启状态逻辑**** \param  无**** \retval 无********************************************************************************/
void Reset_State(void)
{if(tk_queue_empty(&send_dataqueue) == true)  // 确保发送缓存区的数据都发送后才可以重启{delay(3000);  // 重启节点的ACK可能还未发送出去，需要有延时DeInit_WIFI();ESP.restart();}
}

4.7、升级模式

当所有发送缓存区的数据都发送完成后，才可以执行升级功能。

目前升级仅支持局域网升级，升级前节点会发送升级的IP和端口给上位机。

升级超时时间默认设置为180秒，超时后节点切换到重启模式。

代码如下所示：

 /********************************************************************************** \brief  升级状态逻辑**** \param  无**** \retval 无********************************************************************************/
void Updata_State(void)
{static bool state_flag = false;if(Init_OTA() == STATUS_SUCCESS){if(state_flag == false){state_flag = true;// WiFi发送升级IP和端口wifi_send_updata.device_head = DeviceParamSave.device_head + FUNCTION_ID6;wifi_send_updata.device_len = sizeof(SendUpdata_t);wifi_send_updata.device_id = DeviceParamSave.device_id;memcpy(&(wifi_send_updata.software_version), &(DeviceParamSave.software_version), 15);memcpy(&(wifi_send_updata.hardware_version), &(DeviceParamSave.hardware_version), 15);memcpy(&(wifi_send_updata.updata_ip), ota_ip, strlen(ota_ip));wifi_send_updata.updata_port = OTA_PORT;wifi_send_updata.crc = check_crc16((uint8_t *)&wifi_send_updata, wifi_send_updata.device_len - 2);WIFI_send_data((char *)&wifi_send_updata, wifi_send_updata.device_len);memset((char *)&wifi_send_updata, 0, wifi_send_updata.device_len);}if(tk_queue_empty(&send_dataqueue) == true)  // 确保发送缓存区的数据都发送后才可以升级{OTA_updata();}}program_state.updata_state_time++;if(program_state.updata_state_time >= CYCLE_TIME_180SEC) {LED_OFF;program_state.updata_state_time = 0;program_state.run_state = RESET_STATE;Log.warningln("updata timeout");Log.warningln("switch reset state");}
}

5、程序功能特点

5.1、日志管理

下位机支持日志管理，可自定义串口打印不同等级的日志。

不过打印日志的串口和驱动BL0942的串口共用一路，所以在发布正式程序时，需要屏蔽日志打印功能。

日志管理部分代码如下所示：

 /********************************************************************************** \brief  初始化log日志模块**** \param  无**** \retval 无********************************************************************************/
void Init_Log(void)
{Serial.begin(4800, SERIAL_8N1);  // 4800bps 无校验Serial.println();Log.setPrefix(printPrefix); // set prefix similar to NLogLog.setSuffix(printSuffix); // set suffix Log.begin(LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE, &Serial);Log.setShowLevel(false);    // Do not show loglevel, we will do this in the prefix#if LOG_OFFDeInit_Log();#endif
}

5.2、数据缓存队列

发送和接收数据支持FIFO缓存方式写入和读取数据，可自定义缓存区大小。

本项目中程序基本是顺序结构运行，不存在外部中断和定时任务对数据的干扰，并且发送和接收数据的数据量也不是很大，即使暂不使用FIFO缓存也可以满足使用要求。

数据缓存部分代码如下所示：

 /********************************************************************************** \brief  初始化数据缓存**** \param  无**** \retval 无********************************************************************************/
void Init_queue(void)
{// 清空缓冲区memset(send_dataqueue_pool, 0, SEND_DATAQUEUE_POOL_SIZE);memset(receive_dataqueue_pool, 0, RECEIVE_DATAQUEUE_POOL_SIZE);memset(serial_receive_dataqueue_pool, 0, SERIAL_RECEIVE_DATAQUEUE_POOL_SIZE);// 静态方式创建一个循环队列,存满不能再存tk_queue_init(&send_dataqueue, send_dataqueue_pool, sizeof(send_dataqueue_pool), sizeof(send_dataqueue_pool[0]), false);tk_queue_init(&receive_dataqueue, receive_dataqueue_pool, sizeof(receive_dataqueue_pool), sizeof(receive_dataqueue_pool[0]), false);tk_queue_init(&serial_receive_dataqueue, serial_receive_dataqueue_pool, sizeof(serial_receive_dataqueue_pool), sizeof(serial_receive_dataqueue_pool[0]), false);
}