3.springcloudalibaba gateway项目搭建

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前言

前面已经完成了springcloudalibaba项目搭建，接下来搭建gateway项目，这里启动两个服务，一个是gateway服务，一个是server服务，请求从gateway到server服务。

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一、搭建gateway项目

1.1 pom配置

  <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-loadbalancer</artifactId></dependency>

这里的lb需要加上，否则使用 lb://方式寻找服务，启动后请求报错如下

Service Unavailable 503

完整的pom如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.springcloudalibaba</groupId><artifactId>gateway</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>gateway</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><properties><java.version>8</java.version><spring-boot.version>2.6.13</spring-boot.version><spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version></properties><dependencies><!-- SpringCloud Gateway --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-loadbalancer</artifactId></dependency><!-- SpringCloud Alibaba Nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><!-- SpringCloud Alibaba Nacos Config --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><!-- SpringCloud 微服务 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><!-- SpringCloud Alibaba 微服务 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><!-- SpringBoot 依赖配置 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-boot.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.6.0</version><configuration><excludes><exclude><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></exclude></excludes></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>

1.2 新增配置如下

spring:cloud:gateway:discovery:locator:#开启服务发现功能，从注册中心获取服务列表，（nacos->服务管理->服务列表）#默认服务名称需要为大写，可以通过配置lower-case-service-id: true 改变这一规则enabled: trueroutes:- id: server #payment_route    #路由的ID，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名uri: lb://server         #匹配后提供服务的路由地址predicates:- Path=/server/**- Method=GET,POST

• -Path=/server/**： 匹配 /server/路径下的到server服务

二、新增server服务

2.1 pom配置

这要增加web模块和增加@EnableDiscoveryClient到启动类即可
server端pom配置如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.springcloudalibaba</groupId><artifactId>server</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>server</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><properties><java.version>8</java.version><spring-boot.version>2.6.13</spring-boot.version><spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!-- SpringCloud Alibaba Nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><!-- SpringCloud Alibaba Nacos Config --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><!-- SpringCloud 微服务 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><!-- SpringCloud Alibaba 微服务 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><!-- SpringBoot 依赖配置 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-boot.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.6.0</version><configuration><excludes><exclude><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></exclude></excludes></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>

2.2新增测试接口如下

package com.springcloudalibaba.gateway.control;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class Control {@RequestMapping(value = "/hello")public String index() {System.out.println("testname: ");return "testName";}}

三、测试验证

3.1 分别启动两个服务，查看nacos是否注册成功

查看日志，和查看nacos上的服务，可以知道已经注册成功了。

3.2 测试

这里新增了一个hello的接口，请求地址如下
http://localhost:8080/server/hello

这个请求会先到gateway服务然后再去请求server服务，http://localhost:8080/server/hello–>
http://localhost:8081/hello,可以看到返回结果和server中的代码返回一致，测试成功。

总结

1.alibaba lb的包和gateway的一起使用，否则使用lb方式查找服务会有问题，导致请求失败。
2.- Path=/server/** 表示路径带server的路由到你指定的服务中去，真正请求的时候会去掉server这一截。