threejs(3)-详解材质与纹理

一、Matcap(MeshMatcapMaterial)材质原理与应用

Matcap是一张含有光照信息的贴图，通常是直接截取材质球截图来使用。因此Matcap可以很好的模拟静止光源下的光照效果。

最直接的方式就是直接使用在View空间下的模型法向量的xy分量去采样Matcap。

另外还有一种常见的方式是通过View空间下的模型法向量叉乘视角向量，然后用得到的新的向量的xy分量去采样。

在开始之前，首先需要明确Matcap的使用，最重要的是如何去采样，并且采样的范围是在单位球内，例如下图，采样不能采到蓝色背景部分。

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入顶点法向量辅助器
import { VertexNormalsHelper } from "three/examples/jsm/helpers/VertexNormalsHelper.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
// controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");// 实例化加载器gltf
const gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();
// 加载模型
gltfLoader.load(// 模型路径"./model/Duck.glb",// 加载完成回调(gltf) => {console.log(gltf);scene.add(gltf.scene);let duckMesh = gltf.scene.getObjectByName("LOD3spShape");let matcapTexture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/matcaps/54584E_B1BAC5_818B91_A7ACA3-512px.png");let preMaterial = duckMesh.material;duckMesh.material = new THREE.MeshMatcapMaterial({matcap: matcapTexture,map: preMaterial.map,});}
);

二、Lambert(MeshLambertMaterial)材质与各种贴图应用

不包含任何镜面属性，所以不反映周围环境。它经常被用来代表天然材质，例如：岩石、木材、砖等。Lambert材质可以在光线追踪渲染中透明和折射。

贴图+高光贴图

贴图+高光贴图+环境贴图

贴图+高光贴图+环境贴图 +环境光遮蔽贴图

贴图+高光贴图+环境贴图 +环境光遮蔽贴图+凹凸贴图

贴图+高光贴图+环境贴图 +环境光遮蔽贴图+凹凸贴图+法线贴图

贴图+高光贴图+环境贴图 +环境光遮蔽贴图+凹凸贴图+法线贴图+置换贴图

三、phong网格(MeshPhongMaterial)材质镜面高光材质应用

一种用于具有镜面高光的光泽表面的材质（例如涂漆木材）。

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入顶点法向量辅助器
import { VertexNormalsHelper } from "three/examples/jsm/helpers/VertexNormalsHelper.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
// controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;// 设置环境贴图scene.background = envMap;// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;planeMaterial.envMap = envMap;
});// 环境光
let ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, 0.3);
scene.add(ambientLight);// 点光源
let pointLight = new THREE.PointLight(0xffffff, 1);
pointLight.position.set(0, 3, 0);
scene.add(pointLight);// 添加纹理
let textureLoader = new THREE.TextureLoader();
let colorTexture = textureLoader.load("./texture/watercover/CityNewYork002_COL_VAR1_1K.png"
);
colorTexture.colorSpace = THREE.SRGBColorSpace;
// 高光贴图
let specularTexture = textureLoader.load("./texture/watercover/CityNewYork002_GLOSS_1K.jpg"
);
// 法线贴图
let normalTexture = textureLoader.load("./texture/watercover/CityNewYork002_NRM_1K.jpg"
);
// 凹凸贴图
let dispTexture = textureLoader.load("./texture/watercover/CityNewYork002_DISP_1K.jpg"
);
// 环境光遮蔽贴图
let aoTexture = textureLoader.load("./texture/watercover/CityNewYork002_AO_1K.jpg"
);// 创建平面
let planeGeometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(1, 1, 200, 200);
// let planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({
//   map: colorTexture,
//   specularMap: specularTexture,
//   transparent: true,
//   // normalMap: normalTexture,x
//   bumpMap: dispTexture,
//   displacementMap: dispTexture,
//   displacementScale: 0.02,
//   aoMap: aoTexture,
// });
let planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({map: colorTexture,specularMap: specularTexture,transparent: true,normalMap: normalTexture,bumpMap: dispTexture,displacementMap: dispTexture,displacementScale: 0.02,aoMap: aoTexture,
});
let plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeometry, planeMaterial);
plane.rotation.x = -Math.PI / 2;
scene.add(plane);

四、phong材质实现玻璃水晶效果

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入顶点法向量辅助器
import { VertexNormalsHelper } from "three/examples/jsm/helpers/VertexNormalsHelper.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
// controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图// envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;// 设置环境贴图scene.background = envMap;// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;// 实例化加载器gltfconst gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();// 加载模型gltfLoader.load(// 模型路径"./model/Duck.glb",// 加载完成回调(gltf) => {console.log(gltf);scene.add(gltf.scene);// 添加环境光const ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, 1);scene.add(ambientLight);let duckMesh = gltf.scene.getObjectByName("LOD3spShape");let preMaterial = duckMesh.material;duckMesh.material = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({// color: 0xffffff,map: preMaterial.map,refractionRatio: 0.7,reflectivity: 0.99,envMap: envMap,});});
});

五、StandardMaterial(MeshStandardMaterial)精讲凹凸_置换_环境遮蔽—法向—粗糙度等贴图

MeshStandardMaterial和MeshPhysicalMaterial类是PBR物理材质，可以更好的模拟光照计算，相比光网格材质MeshPhongMaterial渲染效果更逼真。

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入顶点法向量辅助器
import { VertexNormalsHelper } from "three/examples/jsm/helpers/VertexNormalsHelper.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
// controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图// envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;// 设置环境贴图scene.background = envMap;// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;let params = {aoMap: true,};// 实例化加载器gltfconst gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();// 实例化加载器dracoconst dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader();// 设置draco路径dracoLoader.setDecoderPath("./draco/");// 设置gltf加载器draco解码器gltfLoader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader);// 加载模型gltfLoader.load(// 模型路径"./model/sword/sword.gltf",// 加载完成回调(gltf) => {console.log(gltf);scene.add(gltf.scene);let mesh = gltf.scene.getObjectByName("Pommeau_Plane001");console.log(mesh.material);// mesh.material.aoMap = undefined;let aoMap = mesh.material.aoMap;gui.add(params, "aoMap").onChange((value) => {mesh.material.aoMap = value ? aoMap : null;mesh.material.needsUpdate = true;});});
});

六、了解MeshPhysicalMaterial物理网络材质应用与物理效果

物理材质（MeshPhysicalMaterial）」是对标准材质的一种扩展，可以理解为「标准材质 Pro」，这意味着它同样基于 PBR 技术，有更好的显示效果以及需要消耗比标准材质还要多的计算资源。

除此之外，它还提供了包含透明度的众多属性，用于给物体添加更多细节，例如：

clearcoat 属性：一些材料（如汽车漆、碳纤维和湿润表面）需要在另一层不规则或粗糙的表面上覆盖一个透明反射层。clearcoat 近似这种效果，无需单独使用透明表面；
transmission 属性：使用 .opacity 的一个限制是高度透明材料反射较少。而通过 transmission 属性则能为玻璃等薄而透明的表面提供更真实的效果；
reflectivity 属性：可以使非金属材料更灵活地反射光线；
sheen 属性: 可用于表示布和织物材料；

七、透明物体的通透性_厚度_衰减颜色_衰减距离效果

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入顶点法向量辅助器
import { VertexNormalsHelper } from "three/examples/jsm/helpers/VertexNormalsHelper.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
// controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图// envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;// 设置环境贴图scene.background = envMap;// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;let params = {aoMap: true,};// 实例化加载器gltfconst gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();// 实例化加载器dracoconst dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader();// 设置draco路径dracoLoader.setDecoderPath("./draco/");// 设置gltf加载器draco解码器gltfLoader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader);// 加载模型// gltfLoader.load(//   // 模型路径//   "./model/sword/sword.gltf",//   // 加载完成回调//   (gltf) => {//     console.log(gltf);//   }// );
});let thicknessMap = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/diamond/diamond_emissive.png"
);
// 创建立方体
const geometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry(1, 1, 1);
// 创建材质
const material = new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({transparent: true,transmission: 0.95,roughness: 0.05,thickness: 2,attenuationColor: new THREE.Color(0.9, 0.9, 0),attenuationDistance: 1,thicknessMap: thicknessMap,
});
// 创建立方体网格模型
const cube = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material);
// 添加立方体到场景
scene.add(cube);gui.add(cube.material, "attenuationDistance", 0, 10).name("衰减距离");
gui.add(cube.material, "thickness", 0, 2).name("厚度");

八、透明物体的折射率和反射率

// ior
gui.add(cube.material, "ior", 0, 2).name("折射率");
// reflectivity
gui.add(cube.material, "reflectivity", 0, 1).name("反射率");

九、清漆效果与清漆粗糙度_清漆法向_清漆相关贴图

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入顶点法向量辅助器
import { VertexNormalsHelper } from "three/examples/jsm/helpers/VertexNormalsHelper.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
// controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图// envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;// 设置环境贴图scene.background = envMap;// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;let params = {aoMap: true,};// 实例化加载器gltfconst gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();// 实例化加载器dracoconst dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader();// 设置draco路径dracoLoader.setDecoderPath("./draco/");// 设置gltf加载器draco解码器gltfLoader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader);// 加载模型// gltfLoader.load(//   // 模型路径//   "./model/sword/sword.gltf",//   // 加载完成回调//   (gltf) => {//     console.log(gltf);//   }// );
});let thicknessMap = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/diamond/diamond_emissive.png"
);let normalMap = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/diamond/diamond_normal.png"
);let carbonNormal = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/carbon/Carbon_Normal.png"
);let scratchNormal = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/carbon/Scratched_gold_01_1K_Normal.png"
);
// 创建立方体
const geometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry(1, 1, 1);// 创建材质
const material = new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({transparent: true,color: 0xffff00,roughness: 0.5,clearcoat: 1,clearcoatRoughness: 0,// clearcoatMap: thicknessMap,// clearcoatRoughnessMap: thicknessMap,clearcoatNormalMap: scratchNormal,normalMap: carbonNormal,clearcoatNormalScale: new THREE.Vector2(0.1, 0.1),
});// 创建立方体网格模型
const cube = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material);
// 添加立方体到场景
scene.add(cube);gui.add(cube.material, "attenuationDistance", 0, 10).name("衰减距离");
gui.add(cube.material, "thickness", 0, 2).name("厚度");
// ior
gui.add(cube.material, "ior", 0, 2).name("折射率");
// reflectivity
gui.add(cube.material, "reflectivity", 0, 1).name("反射率");

十、布料和织物材料光泽效果

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
// controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图// envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;// 设置环境贴图scene.background = envMap;// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;let params = {aoMap: true,};// 实例化加载器gltfconst gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();// 实例化加载器dracoconst dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader();// 设置draco路径dracoLoader.setDecoderPath("./draco/");// 设置gltf加载器draco解码器gltfLoader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader);// 加载模型// gltfLoader.load(//   // 模型路径//   "./model/sword/sword.gltf",//   // 加载完成回调//   (gltf) => {//     console.log(gltf);//   }// );
});let thicknessMap = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/diamond/diamond_emissive.png"
);let normalMap = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/diamond/diamond_normal.png"
);let carbonNormal = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/carbon/Carbon_Normal.png"
);let scratchNormal = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/carbon/Scratched_gold_01_1K_Normal.png"
);let sofaNormal = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/sofa/normal.png");let brickRoughness = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/brick/brick_roughness.jpg"
);let brickColor = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/brick/brick_diffuse.jpg"
);// 创建球几何体
const sphereGeometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(1, 32, 32);
// 创建球材质
const sphereMaterial = new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({color: 0x222288,sheen: 1,sheenColor: 0xffffff,roughness: 1,sheenRoughness: 1,sheenColorMap: brickRoughness,
});
// 创建球体
const sphere = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeometry, sphereMaterial);
scene.add(sphere);console.log(sphereMaterial);

十一、肥皂泡、油滴、蝴蝶翅膀等薄膜的虹彩效应

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
// controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图// envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;// 设置环境贴图scene.background = envMap;// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;let params = {aoMap: true,};// 实例化加载器gltfconst gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();// 实例化加载器dracoconst dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader();// 设置draco路径dracoLoader.setDecoderPath("./draco/");// 设置gltf加载器draco解码器gltfLoader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader);// 加载模型// gltfLoader.load(//   // 模型路径//   "./model/sword/sword.gltf",//   // 加载完成回调//   (gltf) => {//     console.log(gltf);//   }// );
});let thicknessMap = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/diamond/diamond_emissive.png"
);let normalMap = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/diamond/diamond_normal.png"
);let carbonNormal = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/carbon/Carbon_Normal.png"
);let scratchNormal = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/carbon/Scratched_gold_01_1K_Normal.png"
);let sofaNormal = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/sofa/normal.png");let brickRoughness = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/brick/brick_roughness.jpg"
);let brickColor = new THREE.TextureLoader().load("./texture/brick/brick_diffuse.jpg"
);// 创建球几何体
const sphereGeometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(1, 32, 32);
// 创建球材质
const sphereMaterial = new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({color: 0xffffff,roughness: 0.05,transmission: 1,thickness: 0.1,iridescence: 1,reflectivity: 1,iridescenceIOR: 1.3,iridescenceThicknessRange: [100, 400],iridescenceThicknessMap: brickRoughness,
});
// 创建球体
const sphere = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeometry, sphereMaterial);
scene.add(sphere);console.log(sphereMaterial);// gui 控制iridescence
gui.add(sphereMaterial, "iridescence", 0, 1).name("彩虹色");
// gui 控制reflectivity
gui.add(sphereMaterial, "reflectivity", 0, 1).name("反射率");
// gui 控制iridescenceIOR
gui.add(sphereMaterial, "iridescenceIOR", 0, 3).name("彩虹色折射率");
// gui 控制iridescenceThicknessRangelet iridescenceThickness = {min: 100,max: 400,
};
gui.add(iridescenceThickness, "min", 0, 1000).name("彩虹色最小厚度").onChange(() => {sphereMaterial.iridescenceThicknessRange[0] = iridescenceThickness.min;});
gui.add(iridescenceThickness, "max", 0, 1000).name("彩虹色最大厚度").onChange(() => {sphereMaterial.iridescenceThicknessRange[1] = iridescenceThickness.max;});

十二、清除物体_几何体_材质_纹理保证性能和内存不泄漏

不用的物体记得清除，保证性能

import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls";
// 导入动画库
import gsap from "gsap";
// 导入dat.gui
import * as dat from "dat.gui";
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader";
import { MeshBasicMaterial } from "three";
// 目标：点光源// const gui = new dat.GUI();
// 1、创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 2、创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(75,window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight,0.1,1000
);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.set(0, 0, 10);
scene.add(camera);// 初始化渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();
// 设置渲染的尺寸大小
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
// 开启场景中的阴影贴图
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.physicallyCorrectLights = true;// console.log(renderer);
// 将webgl渲染的canvas内容添加到body
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// // 使用渲染器，通过相机将场景渲染进来
// renderer.render(scene, camera);// 创建轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置控制器阻尼，让控制器更有真实效果,必须在动画循环里调用.update()。
controls.enableDamping = true;// 添加坐标轴辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);
// 设置时钟
const clock = new THREE.Clock();// 创建绘制纹理贴图的画布
function createImage() {const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");canvas.width = 256;canvas.height = 256;const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");ctx.fillStyle = `rgb(${Math.random() * 255}, ${Math.random() * 255}, ${Math.random() * 255})`;ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 256, 256);return canvas;
}function render() {//创建球const sphereGeometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(2,Math.random() * 64,Math.random() * 32);//  创建canvas纹理贴图const texture = new THREE.CanvasTexture(createImage());const sphereMaterial = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({map: texture,// color: Math.random() * 0xffffff,});const sphere = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeometry, sphereMaterial);scene.add(sphere);controls.update();renderer.render(scene, camera);//   渲染下一帧的时候就会调用render函数requestAnimationFrame(render);// 清除场景中的物体scene.remove(sphere);// // 清除几何体sphereGeometry.dispose();// // 清除材质sphereMaterial.dispose();// // 清除纹理贴图texture.dispose();
}render();// 监听画面变化，更新渲染画面
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {//   console.log("画面变化了");// 更新摄像头camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;//   更新摄像机的投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();//   更新渲染器renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);//   设置渲染器的像素比renderer.setPixelRatio(window.devicePixelRatio);
});

十三、物理材质设置超逼真宝石戒指

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
// scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
// let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
// rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {
//   // 设置球形贴图
//   // envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;
//   envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;
//   // 设置环境贴图
//   // scene.background = envMap;
//   scene.background = new THREE.Color(0xe2d0e0);
//   // 设置环境贴图
//   scene.environment = envMap;//   let params = {
//     aoMap: true,
//   };
//   // 实例化加载器gltf
//   const gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();
//   // 实例化加载器draco
//   const dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader();
//   // 设置draco路径
//   dracoLoader.setDecoderPath("./draco/");
//   // 设置gltf加载器draco解码器
//   gltfLoader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader);
//   // 加载模型
//   gltfLoader.load(
//     // 模型路径
//     "./model/damon/scene.glb",
//     // 加载完成回调
//     (gltf) => {
//       console.log(gltf);
//       let diamond = gltf.scene.getObjectByName("blast1_diamond_0");
//       diamond.material.flatShading = true;
//       scene.add(gltf.scene);
//     }
//   );
// });
// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图// envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;// 设置环境贴图// scene.background = envMap;scene.background = new THREE.Color(0xe2d0e0);// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;
});
const loader = new THREE.ObjectLoader();
loader.load("./model/damon/scene.json", (object) => {scene.add(object);
});

十四、巧用物理发光属性打造逼真IPHONE产品

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 5;
camera.position.y = 2;
camera.position.x = 2;
camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
// scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
controls.autoRotate = true;// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图// envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;// 设置环境贴图// scene.background = envMap;scene.background = new THREE.Color(0x7aaff5);// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;let params = {aoMap: true,};// 实例化加载器gltfconst gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();// 实例化加载器dracoconst dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader();// 设置draco路径dracoLoader.setDecoderPath("./draco/");// 设置gltf加载器draco解码器gltfLoader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader);// 加载模型gltfLoader.load(// 模型路径"./model/mobile/scene.glb",// 加载完成回调(gltf) => {console.log(gltf);scene.add(gltf.scene);});
});
// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
// let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
// rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {
//   // 设置球形贴图
//   // envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;
//   envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;
//   // 设置环境贴图
//   // scene.background = envMap;
//   scene.background = new THREE.Color(0xe2d0e0);
//   // 设置环境贴图
//   scene.environment = envMap;
// });
// const loader = new THREE.ObjectLoader();
// loader.load("./model/damon/scene.json", (object) => {
//   scene.add(object);
// });

十五、限制控制器位移-旋转角度避免3d场景穿帮

// 导入threejs
import * as THREE from "three";
// 导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from "three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js";
// 导入lil.gui
import { GUI } from "three/examples/jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js";
// 导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js";
// 导入gltf加载器
import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js";
// 导入draco解码器
import { DRACOLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/DRACOLoader.js";
// 创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene();// 创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, // 视角window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, // 宽高比0.1, // 近平面1000 // 远平面
);// 创建渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, // 开启抗锯齿
});
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);// 设置相机位置
camera.position.z = 0;
camera.position.y = 1.8;
camera.position.x = 5;
camera.lookAt(0, 1.2, 0);// 添加世界坐标辅助器
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5);
scene.add(axesHelper);// 添加轨道控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// 设置带阻尼的惯性
controls.enableDamping = true;
// 设置阻尼系数
controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;
// 设置旋转速度
// controls.autoRotate = true;
controls.target.set(0, 1.2, 0);
// 禁用平移
controls.enablePan = false;
// 设置最小距离
controls.minDistance = 3;
// 设置最大距离
controls.maxDistance = 5;
// 设置垂直的最小角度
controls.minPolarAngle = Math.PI / 2 - Math.PI / 12;
// 设置垂直的最大角度
controls.maxPolarAngle = Math.PI / 2;// 设置水平的最小角度
controls.minAzimuthAngle = Math.PI / 2 - Math.PI / 12;
// 设置水平的最大角度
controls.maxAzimuthAngle = Math.PI / 2 + Math.PI / 12;
// 渲染函数
function animate() {controls.update();requestAnimationFrame(animate);// 渲染renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
animate();// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {// 重置渲染器宽高比renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);// 重置相机宽高比camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;// 更新相机投影矩阵camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
});let eventObj = {Fullscreen: function () {// 全屏document.body.requestFullscreen();console.log("全屏");},ExitFullscreen: function () {document.exitFullscreen();console.log("退出全屏");},
};// 创建GUI
const gui = new GUI();
// 添加按钮
gui.add(eventObj, "Fullscreen").name("全屏");
gui.add(eventObj, "ExitFullscreen").name("退出全屏");
// 控制立方体的位置
// gui.add(cube.position, "x", -5, 5).name("立方体x轴位置");// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图
let rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader();
rgbeLoader.load("./texture/Alex_Hart-Nature_Lab_Bones_2k.hdr", (envMap) => {// 设置球形贴图// envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;envMap.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularRefractionMapping;// 设置环境贴图// scene.background = envMap;scene.background = new THREE.Color(0xe2d0e0);// 设置环境贴图scene.environment = envMap;let params = {aoMap: true,};// 实例化加载器gltfconst gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();// 实例化加载器dracoconst dracoLoader = new DRACOLoader();// 设置draco路径dracoLoader.setDecoderPath("./draco/");// 设置gltf加载器draco解码器gltfLoader.setDRACOLoader(dracoLoader);// 加载模型gltfLoader.load(// 模型路径"./model/liveroom-scene.glb",// 加载完成回调(gltf) => {console.log(gltf);scene.add(gltf.scene);});
});
// rgbeLoader 加载hdr贴图