SpringBoot 自动配置

Condition

自定义条件：

• 定义条件类：自定义类实现Condition接口，重写 matches 方法，在 matches 方法中进行逻辑判断，返回boolean值 。 matches 方法两个参数：
  • context：上下文对象，可以获取属性值，获取类加载器，获取BeanFactory等。
  • metadata：元数据对象，用于获取注解属性。
• 判断条件： 在初始化Bean时，使用 @Conditional(条件类.class)注解

SpringBoot 提供的常用条件注解：

• ConditionalOnProperty：判断配置文件中是否有对应属性和值才初始化Bean
• ConditionalOnClass：判断环境中是否有对应字节码文件才初始化Bean
• ConditionalOnMissingBean：判断环境中没有对应Bean才初始化Bean

示例1：导入Jedis坐标后，加载该Bean，没导入，则不加载

public class User {
}

public class Role {
}

@Configuration
public class UserConfig {@Bean@Conditional(ClassCondition.class)public User user(){return new User();}
}

public class ClassCondition implements Condition {/**** @param context 上下文对象。用于获取环境，IOC容器，ClassLoader对象* @param metadata 注解元对象。 可以用于获取注解定义的属性值* @return*/@Overridepublic boolean matches(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {//1.需求： 导入Jedis坐标后创建Bean//思路：判断redis.clients.jedis.Jedis.class文件是否存在boolean flag = true;try {Class<?> cls = Class.forName("redis.clients.jedis.Jedis");} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {flag = false;}return flag;}

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootConditionApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {//启动SpringBoot的应用，返回Spring的IOC容器ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(SpringbootConditionApplication.class, args);Object user = context.getBean("user");System.out.println(user);}}

示例2：将类的判断定义为动态的。判断哪个字节码文件存在可以动态指定

@Configuration
public class UserConfig {@Bean@ConditionOnClass("redis.clients.jedis.Jedis")public User user(){return new User();}}

@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Conditional(ClassCondition.class)
public @interface ConditionOnClass {String[] value();
}

public class ClassCondition implements Condition {/**** @param context 上下文对象。用于获取环境，IOC容器，ClassLoader对象* @param metadata 注解元对象。 可以用于获取注解定义的属性值* @return*/@Overridepublic boolean matches(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {//获取注解属性值  valueMap<String, Object> map = metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(ConditionOnClass.class.getName());//System.out.println(map);String[] value = (String[]) map.get("value");boolean flag = true;try {for (String className : value) {Class<?> cls = Class.forName(className);}} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {flag = false;}return flag;}
}

示例3：ConditionalOnProperty配置作用

@Configuration
public class UserConfig {@Bean@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring",havingValue = "zhangsan")public User user(){return new User();}}

application.properties

spring=zhagnsan

@Import注解

@Enable*底层依赖于@Import注解导入一些类，使用@Import导入的类会被Spring加载到IOC容器中。而@Import提供4中用法：

• 导入Bean
• 导入配置类
• 导入 ImportSelector 实现类。一般用于加载配置文件中的类
• 导入 ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar 实现类。

示例0：Enable

@EnableUser
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootEnableApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(SpringbootEnableApplication.class, args);//获取BeanObject user = context.getBean("user");System.out.println(user);}

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Import(UserConfig.class)
public @interface EnableUser {
}

public class UserConfig {@Beanpublic User user() {return new User();}@Beanpublic Role role() {return new Role();}
}

示例一：导入Bean

@Import(User.class)
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootEnableApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(SpringbootEnableApplication.class, args);User user = context.getBean(User.class);System.out.println(user);
}

示例二：导入配置类

public class UserConfig {@Beanpublic User user() {return new User();}@Beanpublic Role role() {return new Role();}
}

@Import(UserConfig.class)
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootEnableApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(SpringbootEnableApplication.class, args);User user = context.getBean(User.class);System.out.println(user);Role role = context.getBean(Role.class);System.out.println(role);
}

示例3：导入ImportSelector的实现类

public class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {@Overridepublic String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {return new String[]{"com.release.domain.User", "com.release.domain.Role"};}
}

@Import(MyImportSelector.class)
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootEnableApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(SpringbootEnableApplication.class, args);User user = context.getBean(User.class);System.out.println(user);Role role = context.getBean(Role.class);System.out.println(role);
}

示例4：导入 ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar 实现类

public class MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {@Overridepublic void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = BeanDefinitionBuilder.rootBeanDefinition(User.class).getBeanDefinition();registry.registerBeanDefinition("user", beanDefinition);}
}

@Import({MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class})
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootEnableApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(SpringbootEnableApplication.class, args);Object user = context.getBean("user");System.out.println(user);Map<String, User> map = context.getBeansOfType(User.class);System.out.println(map);
}

@EnableAutoConfiguration 注解

• @EnableAutoConfiguration 注解内部使用 @Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)来加载配置类。

• 配置文件位置：META-INF/spring.factories，该配置文件中定义了大量的配置类，当 SpringBoot 应用启动时，会自动加载这些配置类，初始化Bean

• 并不是所有的Bean都会被初始化，在配置类中使用Condition来加载满足条件的Bean

示例：自定义redis-starter。要求当导入redis坐标时，SpringBoot自动创建Jedis的Bean。
实现步骤：

• 1.创建 redis-spring-boot-autoconfigure 模块
• 2.创建 redis-spring-boot-starter 模块,依赖 redis-spring-boot-autoconfigure的模块
• 3.在 redis-spring-boot-autoconfigure 模块中初始化 Jedis 的 Bean。并定义META-INF/spring.factories 文件
• 4.在测试模块中引入自定义的 redis-starter 依赖，测试获取 Jedis 的Bean，操作 redis。

3.在 redis-spring-boot-autoconfigure 模块中初始化 Jedis 的 Bean。并定义META-INF/spring.factories 文件

@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RedisProperties.class)
@ConditionalOnClass(Jedis.class)
public class RedisAutoConfiguration {/*** 提供Jedis的bean*/@Bean@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "jedis")public Jedis jedis(RedisProperties redisProperties) {System.out.println("RedisAutoConfiguration....");return new Jedis(redisProperties.getHost(), redisProperties.getPort());}
}

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "redis")
public class RedisProperties {private String host = "localhost";private int port = 6379;public String getHost() {return host;}public void setHost(String host) {this.host = host;}public int getPort() {return port;}public void setPort(int port) {this.port = port;}
}

META-INF/spring.factories

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\com.release.redis.config.RedisAutoConfiguration

4.在测试模块中引入自定义的 redis-starter 依赖，测试获取 Jedis 的Bean，操作 redis。

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootEnableApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(SpringbootEnableApplication.class, args);Jedis jedis = context.getBean(Jedis.class);System.out.println(jedis);@Beanpublic Jedis jedis(){return  new  Jedis("123.56.72.62",6379);}}