英语语法 - 祈使句 | 虚拟语气

目录

[ 祈使句 ]

1. [ 及物动词原形 + 宾语 + (状语) | 不及物动词原形 + (状语) | be + 表语 + (状语) ]

2. [ Don't + 及物动词原形 + 宾语 | don't + 不及物动词原形 ]

3. [ don't be + 表语 ]

4. 特殊 + you

[ 虚拟语气 ]

1. [ 条件状语从句 - 虚拟语气 ]

现在时态虚拟语气

将来时态虚拟语气

过去时态虚拟语气，表示惋惜

虚拟语气时态

虚拟条件状语从句省略 IF

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[ 祈使句 ]

1. [ 及物动词原形 + 宾语 + (状语) | 不及物动词原形 + (状语) | be + 表语 + (状语) ]

        Let's go shopping.  我们去购物吧

        Hurry up!

        Put down your weapon

        Be quiet!

        Shut up!

        Get away!

        Open your mouth and say "ah"

        kill him!

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2. [ Don't + 及物动词原形 + 宾语 | don't + 不及物动词原形 ]

        Don't touch the machine!

        Don't tell her.

        Don't go!

        Please，don't die!

        Don't come close!

        Don't kill me，please!

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3. [ don't be + 表语 ]

        Don't be afraid!

        Don't be shy!

        Don't be late again!

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4. 特殊 + you

        You get out of my room!

        You go first，and I will catch you up.

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[ 虚拟语气 ]

用来表示动作状态不是事实，不可能发生，是主观愿望

1. [ 条件状语从句 - 虚拟语气 ]

        If it were Sunday tomorrow，I would go to the park with my girlfriend.

        如果明天是星期天，我就会和我女朋友去公园

假设的情况	if 从句中的谓语动词形式	复合句主语的谓语动词形式
与现在的事实相反	谓语动词过去式 were + 表语 didn't  + 动词原形 / were not	would should  (not) + 动词原形 could    (not) + be + 表语 might
与过去的事实相反	had + 过去分词 had not + 过去分词 hadn't + 过去分词 had been + 表语 had not been + 表语	would should  (not) +  have + 过去分词 could  (not) + have been + 表语 might
与将来的事实相反	谓语动词过去式 | should + 动词原形 were + 表语 didn't + 动词原形 / were not	would should  (not) + 动词原形 could    (not) + be + 表语 might

现在时态虚拟语气

        If I had one million yuan now，I wouldn't teach you English.

        If I had a girlfriend now，I would not have a blind date.

        If she saw Nick now，she would ask him for a book.

        If I didn't know you，I wouldn't pay money.

        被动：

        If my friend were(was) here，the problem would be solved.

        If you were found by her now，you would be killed.

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将来时态虚拟语气

        If it were Saturday tomorrow，I would go home.

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过去时态虚拟语气，表示惋惜

        If you had met Nick three years ago，you would have passed the exam.

        If I had met you in the street last night，I would have bought you a dinner.

        If I had not gone to college，I would have gotten married at that time.

        If I had joined his company five years ago，I would have been famous.

        If they hadn't taken the plane last year，they wouldn't have been dead.

        If you had been my student three years ago，you would have mastered English.

        被动：

        If my leader hadn't gone to the hotel last night，he wouldn't have been brought to a dark room.

        If the hero had not been killed in the war 70 years ago，he would have been chosen as a leader.

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虚拟语气时态

从句过去，主句现在

        If you had listened to me last week，you would passed your exam now.

        If you had read more English novels，you could increase your vocabulary now.

        If you had met me ten years ago，you would be my secretary.

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虚拟条件状语从句省略 IF

虚拟条件状语从句中有 were，had，should 可以把 if 省略

将were，had，should放到主语前面构成倒装

        If I were you，I wouldn't do it.

        Were I you，I wouldn't do it.

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