Android OkHttp

目录

1.build.gradle

2.基本使用

3.POST请求

4.Builder构建者

1.build.gradle

implementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.12.0")

2.基本使用

GET同步请求

public void getSync(View view) {new Thread(){@Overridepublic void run() {Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://httpbin.org/get?a=1&b=2").build();//准备好请求的call对象Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);try {Response response = call.execute();Log.i("TAG", "getSync: "+response.body().string());} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}.start();}

GET异步请求

public void getAsync(View view) {Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://httpbin.org/get?a=1&b=2").build();//准备好请求的call对象Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);//异步请求call.enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {Log.i("TAG", "getAsync onFailure",e);}@Overridepublic void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {if (response.isSuccessful()){Log.i("TAG", "getAsync onResponse: "+response.body().string());}}});}

POST同步请求

public void postSync(View view) {new Thread(){@Overridepublic void run() {FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("a","404").build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://httpbin.org/post").post(formBody).build();   //Request.Builder对象默认get请求//准备好请求的call对象Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);try {Response response = call.execute();Log.i("TAG", "postSync: "+response.body().string());} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}.start();}

POST异步请求

public void postAsync(View view) {FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("a","404").build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://httpbin.org/post").post(formBody).build();//准备好请求的call对象Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);call.enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {Log.i("TAG", "postAsync onFailure",e);}@Overridepublic void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {Log.i("TAG", "postAsync: "+response.body().string());}});
}

3.POST请求

协议规定 POST 提交的数据必须放在请求体中，但协议并没有规定数据必须使用什么编码方式 。常用的数据编码方式有： https://www.runoob.com/http/http-content-type.html

Content-Type：application/x-www-form-urlencoded

数据被编码为名称/值对，默认类型；

• Content-Type：multipart/form-data

数据被编码为一条消息，一般用于文件上传；

• Content-Type：application/octet-stream

提交二进制数据，如果用于文件上传，只能上传一个文件；

• Content-Type：application/json

提交json数据

提交多个文件

@Test
public void uploadFileTest() throws IOException {OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();File file1 = new File("H:\\Users\\ASUS\\Desktop\\f1.txt");File file2 = new File("H:\\Users\\ASUS\\Desktop\\f2.txt");MultipartBody multipartBody = new MultipartBody.Builder().addFormDataPart("f1", file1.getName(), RequestBody.create(file1, MediaType.parse("text/plain"))).addFormDataPart("f2", file2.getName(), RequestBody.create(file2, MediaType.parse("text/plain"))).build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://httpbin.org/post").post(multipartBody).build();Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);Response response = call.execute();System.out.println(response.body().string());}

提交json数据

@Test
public void jsonTest() throws IOException {OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/json"), "{\"a\":1,\"b\":2}");Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://httpbin.org/post").post(requestBody).build();Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);Response response = call.execute();System.out.println(response.body().string());}

4.Builder构建者

OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().build();

拦截器

OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().addInterceptor( new XXX ).build();

OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().addNetworkInterceptor( new XXX ).build();

@Testpublic void interceptorTest() {OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().addInterceptor(new Interceptor() {@NonNull@Overridepublic Response intercept(@NonNull Chain chain) throws IOException {//请求前置处理Request request = chain.request().newBuilder().addHeader("os", "android").addHeader("version", "1.0").build();Response response = chain.proceed(request);//请求后置处理return response;}}).addNetworkInterceptor(new Interceptor() {    //一定先执行addInterceptor后执行addNetworkInterceptor  添加顺序不影响执行@NonNull@Overridepublic Response intercept(@NonNull Chain chain) throws IOException {System.out.println("version" + chain.request().header("version"));return chain.proceed(chain.request());}}).build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://httpbin.org/get?a=1&b=2").build();//准备好请求的call对象Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);try {Response response = call.execute();System.out.println(response.body().string());} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}

缓存与 Cookie

OkHttp按照Http协议规则实现了缓存的处理，缓存是比如：当我们发起第一次请求之后，如果后续还需要进行同样的请求，此时如果符合缓存规则，则可以减少与服务器的网络通信，直接从本地文件缓存中读取响应返回给请求者。但是默认情况下，OkHttp的缓存是关闭状态，需要我们开启。

OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().cache(new Cache(new File("/path/cache"),100))

Cookie是某些网站为了辨别用户身份，进行会话跟踪(比如确定登陆状态)而储存在用户本地终端上的数据（通常经过加密），由用户客户端计算机暂时或永久保存的信息

Map<String, List<Cookie>> cookie = new HashMap<>();@Testpublic void cookieTest() {OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().cookieJar(new CookieJar() {@Overridepublic void saveFromResponse(@NonNull HttpUrl httpUrl, @NonNull List<Cookie> list) {cookie.put(httpUrl.host(), list);            //保存cookie}@NonNull@Overridepublic List<Cookie> loadForRequest(@NonNull HttpUrl httpUrl) {List<Cookie> cookies = cookie.get(httpUrl.host());  return cookies == null ? new ArrayList<>() : cookies;    //加载并返回cookie}}).build();FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("username", "xx").add("password", "xxxxxx").build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.xxx.com/user/login").post(formBody).build();Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);try {Response response = call.execute();System.out.println(response.body().string());} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}