Centos7 安装 MySQL5.7 使用 RPM 方式

1 访问网站 https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/ 选择合适的版本，点击 Download。

2 上传下载好的 mysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 文件到 Centos7 机器，这里放到了 下载 目录。

3 解压 mysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar。

[root@localhost 下载]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm[root@localhost 下载]# ls
mysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4 安装 对应的 rpm。

[root@localhost 下载]# yum install mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
正在检查 mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 将被安装
正在检查 mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 将被安装
正在检查 mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 将被安装
正在检查 mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 将被安装
正在检查 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 将被安装
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.5.7.44-1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 mysql-community-common.x86_64.0.5.7.44-1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs.x86_64.0.5.7.44-1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64.0.5.7.44-1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.5.7.44-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成依赖关系解决===================================================================================================Package                架构   版本         源                                                大小
===================================================================================================
正在安装:mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.44-1.el7 /mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64      120 Mmysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.44-1.el7 /mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64      2.8 Mmysql-community-libs   x86_64 5.7.44-1.el7 /mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64         11 Mmysql-community-libs-compatx86_64 5.7.44-1.el7 /mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64 6.0 Mmysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.44-1.el7 /mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64      796 M事务概要
===================================================================================================
安装  5 软件包总计：936 M
安装大小：936 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction正在安装    : mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                     1/5 正在安装    : mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                       2/5 正在安装    : mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                     3/5 正在安装    : mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                     4/5 正在安装    : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                5/5 验证中      : mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                     1/5 验证中      : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                2/5 验证中      : mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                     3/5 验证中      : mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                       4/5 验证中      : mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64                                     5/5 已安装:mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.44-1.el7  mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.44-1.el7      mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.44-1.el7    mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.44-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.44-1.el7 完毕！

5 启动并检查状态。

[root@localhost 下载]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost 下载]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since 三 2024-05-08 11:54:45 CST; 9s agoDocs: man:mysqld(8)http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.htmlProcess: 26819 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Process: 26757 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Main PID: 26821 (mysqld)Tasks: 27CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service└─26821 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid5月 08 11:54:31 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
5月 08 11:54:45 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

6 查看临时密码，并登陆，设置新密码（1qasw2#ED 为新密码），授权远程访问。

[root@localhost 下载]# sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2024-05-08T03:54:40.275528Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: xjm5_sATw(yn[root@localhost 下载]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '1qasw2#ED';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '1qasw2#ED' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> exit;
Bye

7 设置开机自启动。

[root@localhost 下载]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@localhost 下载]# systemctl daemon-reload

8 修改配置文件字符集编码为 utf8mb4。

[root@localhost 下载]# vim /etc/my.cnf
增加内容：[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4[mysqld]
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character_set_server=utf8mb4

9 重启服务。

[root@localhost 下载]# systemctl restart mysqld

10 防火墙开放 3306 端口。

[root@localhost 下载]# firewall-cmd --state
running
[root@localhost 下载]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost 下载]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

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附录：

数据库命令：

service mysqld status
service mysqld start
service mysqld stop
service mysqld restart

systemctl status mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl stop mysqld
systemctl restart mysqld

mysql 源
http://repo.mysql.com/

使用 MySQL 源方式：

[root@localhost 下载]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost 下载]# yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost 下载]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@localhost 下载]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
[root@localhost 下载]# yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
[root@localhost 下载]# yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community
[root@localhost 下载]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
[root@localhost 下载]# yum install -y mysql-community-server

使用 rpm 方式：
[root@localhost 下载]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@localhost 下载]# yum install mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*

[root@localhost 下载]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost 下载]# systemctl status mysqld
[root@localhost 下载]# sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

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# 1 卸载 mysql
[root@localhost 下载]# yum list installed|grep mysql
mysql-community-client.x86_64               5.7.44-1.el7               @mysql57-community
mysql-community-common.x86_64               5.7.44-1.el7               @mysql57-community
mysql-community-libs.x86_64                 5.7.44-1.el7               @mysql57-community
mysql-community-server.x86_64               5.7.44-1.el7               @mysql57-community
mysql80-community-release.noarch            el7-11                     @/mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch

[root@localhost 下载]# yum remove mysql-community-client.x86_64
[root@localhost 下载]# yum remove mysql-community-common.x86_64
[root@localhost 下载]# yum remove mysql80-community-release.noarch

# 删除多余的文件
[root@localhost 下载]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost 下载]# rm -rf /var/log/mysqld.log 

# 2 卸载 mariadb
## 2.1 使用 yum 卸载
[root@localhost /]# yum list installed|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs.x86_64                         1:5.5.68-1.el7             @anaconda
[root@localhost /]# yum remove mariadb-libs.x86_64

## 2.2 使用 rpm 卸载：
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

[root@localhost /]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

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# MySQL5.7
ALTER USER '用户名'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密码';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# MySQL8.0
ALTER USER '用户名'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 跳过密码输入
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables

重启登录，然后更改密码。

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参考：
MySQL官网
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-yum-repo.html

centos7 安装 Mysql 5.7.28，详细完整教程
https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoweite1/article/details/103555491

CentOS7安装MySQL5.7：使用RPM安装包方式（推荐）
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/40Z8P_pr745pmENa6zeBEw

CentOS7安装MySQL5.7：使用Yum存储库方式
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/nBkBxkYFhHSiyixDP9HWXA

CentOS 7安装mysql 5.7 (官网rpm方式)
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32702685/article/details/122578635

Centos7 两种方式安装 MySQL5.7 步骤 yum 、本地 tar 文件
https://blog.csdn.net/agonie201218/article/details/135476981

源 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 的 GPG 密钥已安装，但是不适用于此软件包。请检查源的公钥 URL 是否配置正确。
https://blog.csdn.net/saindy5828/article/details/136190498

mysql之validate_password_policy
https://blog.csdn.net/wltsysterm/article/details/79649484

Centos7环境下修改MySql密码策略
https://blog.csdn.net/f_yuqing/article/details/118446658

MySQL数据库密码策略以及修改密码方式
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_64341393/article/details/135282738

MySQL5.7和8.0版本修改用户名和密码教程
https://blog.csdn.net/tiansyun/article/details/132073689

[对比] MySQL5.7和MySQL8.0中修改密码的方式对比
https://blog.csdn.net/dber_ablewang/article/details/132606038

Mysql 8.0 使用mysql_native_password加密创建远程root用户
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1439706

【说站】MySQL8.0配置mysql_native_password方法教程
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2175351

linux下mysql 和 mysqld、service和systemctl区别
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46483006/article/details/125761575

MySQL 8 如何修改密码 —— 全面攻略 ?
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2404978

MySQL 5.7 与 8.0 分别修改用户密码
https://blog.csdn.net/lizhengyu891231/article/details/121969276

MySQL数据库密码策略以及修改密码方式
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_64341393/article/details/135282738

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