C语言实现五子棋(n子棋)

五子棋的历史背景：

五子棋起源于中国，是全国智力运动会竞技项目之一，是一种两人对弈的纯策略型棋类游戏。双方分别使用黑白两色的棋子，下在棋盘直线与横线的交叉点上，先形成五子连珠者获胜。

五子棋容易上手，老少皆宜，而且趣味横生，引人入胜。它不仅能增强思维能力，提高智力，而且富含哲理，有助于修身养性。

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不难看出，五子棋是我们中华民族发明的，我们必须了解他，作为程序员，我们更加要懂得如何把五子棋的代码给敲出来，我研究了一天了，调试了无数次，修改了无数错误，到最后运行成功的那一刹那，我就很开心，就想以博客的形式分享给大家！

一.设计过程步骤

ps:整个五子棋一共有三个文件，200多行代码，不复杂，多琢磨，很好懂，分为text.c，game.h，game.c文件，在最后会给出完整代码。

1.初始化二维数组

为了数组里面存放的每个数是我们想初始化的，我们初始化一个二维数组(方阵的格式，即 n*n)用来存放棋子，里面的元素可以按照我们的意愿来初始化；在此代码中将数组中每个元素初始化为一个空格。

#define ROW 5
#define COL 5
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0; int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < ROW; i++){for (int j = 0; j < COL; j++){board[i][j] = ' ';}}
}

2.构造一个棋盘

在初始化一个数组后的基础上我们来构造一个棋盘，使得整个代码的结构更加清晰，可读性高。

#define ROW 5
#define COL 5
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for(j=0;j<col;j++){printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);//注意：%c的左右是有两个空格的if (j < col -1)//最后一列不打印|，也就是打印4个|，只是为了美观，不加也行，见下图printf("|");}printf("\n");if (i < row - 1)//最后一行不进行打印---和|，见下图{int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf("---");if (j < col - 1)//和上面一样，见下图printf("|");}printf("\n");}}
}

3.玩家走法

//玩家
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int x = 0;int y = 0;printf("玩家走:>");while (1){printf("请输入下棋的坐标\n");scanf_s("%d %d", &x, &y);//判断坐标的合法性if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col){//下棋//坐标是否被占用if (' ' == board[x - 1][y - 1])            //等号量变也可以调换，我这样写要是出错那编译器会提示错误，如果换过来的话那就不会提示错误了，这样找bug可能会很难受
//如果是空格的话，这个位置就是空的，可以下棋{board[x - 1][y - 1] ='*';break;}else{printf("坐标被占用，请重新输入\n");}}else{printf("坐标非法，请重新选择\n");}}
}

4.电脑随机下棋

//电脑
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{        printf("电脑走:>\n");while (1){int x = rand() % ROW;//rand是根据系统的情况来自动生成一个随机数int y = rand() % COL;//判断占用if (board[x][y] == ' '){board[x][y] = '#';break;}}
}

5.判断是否能分出胜负

//判断游戏是否有输赢
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;//判断五行每行五个元素是否相等for (i = 0; i < row; i++){if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][2] == board[i][3] && board[i][3] == board[i][4] && board[i][1] != ' '){return board[i][1];}}    //判断五列每一列的元素是否相等for (i = 0; i < col; i++){if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[2][i] == board[3][i] && board[3][i] == board[4][i] && board[1][i] != ' '){return board[i][1];}}//判断\对角线元素是否相等if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2]&&board[2][2] == board[3][3]&&board[3][3] == board[4][4] && board[1][1]!=' '){return board[1][1];}//判断/对角线元素是否相等if ( board[4][0]== board[3][1] && board[3][1] == board[2][2]&& 
board[2][2] == board[1][3] &&board[1][3] == board[0][4] && board[1][1]!=' '){return board[1][1];}

6.判断是否平局

int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (board[i][j] == ' '){return 0;}}}return 1;
}//判断平局//如果棋盘满了则返回1，不满返回0int ret = IsFull(board, row, col);if (ret == 1){return 'Q';}return 'C';

以下是game.h文件的代码

#pragma once
//头文件的包含
#include<stdio.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
//符号定义
#define ROW 5
#define COL 5//函数声明
//初始化棋盘的void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//打印棋盘的函数void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//玩家下棋void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//电脑下棋void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

以下是text.c文件的代码

#include"game.h"
void menu()
{printf("*******************************\n");printf("*********  1.play  ************\n");printf("*********  0.exit  ************\n");printf("*******************************\n");}
void game()
{//储存数据--二维数组char board[ROW][COL];//初始化棋盘为空格InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘--本质打印数组的内容DisplayBoard(board,ROW,COL);char ret = 0;while (1){//玩家下棋PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//判断玩家是否赢ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);if (ret != 'C')break;//电脑下棋ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);if (ret =! 'C')break;}if (ret == '*')printf("玩家胜利\n");else if (ret == '#')printf("电脑胜利\n");elseprintf("平局\n");DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);}
int main()
{srand((unsigned int) time(NULL));int input = 0;do{menu();printf("请选择:>");scanf_s("%d", &input);switch (input){case 1:game();break;case 0:printf("退出游戏\n");break;default:printf("选择错误，重新选择\n");break;}} while (input);return 0;
}

二.完整代码：

game.h文件

#pragma once
//头文件的包含
#include<stdio.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
//符号定义
#define ROW 5
#define COL 5//函数声明
//初始化棋盘的void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//打印棋盘的函数void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//玩家下棋void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//电脑下棋void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

game.c文件

#include"game.h"
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0; int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < ROW; i++){for (int j = 0; j < COL; j++){board[i][j] = ' ';}}}void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for(j=0;j<col;j++){printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);if (j < col -1)printf("|");}printf("\n");if (i < row - 1){int j = 0;for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf("---");if (j < col - 1)printf("|");}printf("\n");}//printf("---|---|---\n");}
}
//玩家
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int x = 0;int y = 0;printf("玩家走:>");while (1){printf("请输入下棋的坐标\n");scanf_s("%d %d", &x, &y);//判断坐标的合法性if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col){//下棋//坐标是否被占用if (' ' == board[x - 1][y - 1]){board[x - 1][y - 1] ='*';break;}else{printf("坐标被占用，请重新输入\n");}}else{printf("坐标非法，请重新选择\n");}}
}
//电脑
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{        printf("电脑走:>\n");while (1){int x = rand() % ROW;int y = rand() % COL;//判断占用if (board[x][y] == ' '){board[x][y] = '#';break;}}
}
int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (board[i][j] == ' '){return 0;}}}return 1;
}
//判断游戏是否有输赢
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{int i = 0;//判断五行for (i = 0; i < row; i++){if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][2] == board[i][3] && board[i][3] == board[i][4] && board[i][1] != ' '){return board[i][1];}}    //判断五列for (i = 0; i < col; i++){if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[2][i] == board[3][i] && board[3][i] == board[4][i] && board[1][i] != ' '){return board[i][1];}}//判断\对角线if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2]&& board[2][2] == board[3][3] &&board[3][3] == board[4][4] && board[1][1]!=' '){return board[1][1];}//判断/对角线if ( board[4][0]== board[3][1] && board[3][1] == board[2][2]&& board[2][2] == board[1][3] &&board[1][3] == board[0][4] && board[1][1]!=' '){return board[1][1];}//判断平局//如果棋盘满了则返回1，不满返回0int ret = IsFull(board, row, col);if (ret == 1){return 'Q';}return 'C';}

以下是text.c文件：

#include"game.h"
void menu()
{printf("*******************************\n");printf("*********  1.play  ************\n");printf("*********  0.exit  ************\n");printf("*******************************\n");}
void game()
{//储存数据--二维数组char board[ROW][COL];//初始化棋盘为空格InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘--本质打印数组的内容DisplayBoard(board,ROW,COL);char ret = 0;while (1){//玩家下棋PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);//判断玩家是否赢ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);if (ret != 'C')break;//电脑下棋ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);if (ret =! 'C')break;}if (ret == '*')printf("玩家胜利\n");else if (ret == '#')printf("电脑胜利\n");elseprintf("平局\n");DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);}
int main()
{srand((unsigned int) time(NULL));int input = 0;do{menu();printf("请选择:>");scanf_s("%d", &input);switch (input){case 1:game();break;case 0:printf("退出游戏\n");break;default:printf("选择错误，重新选择\n");break;}} while (input);return 0;
}

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2023.02.09

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