使用Spring Boot实现Redis多数据库缓存

Redis多数据库存储实现用户行为缓存

在我的系统中，为了优化用户行为数据的存储与访问效率，我引入了Redis缓存，并将数据分布在不同的Redis数据库中。通过这种方式，可以减少单一数据库的负载，提高系统的整体性能。

主要实现步骤

1. Redis配置

   • 配置两个Redis连接工厂，分别用于存储Token和用户行为数据。
   • 创建对应的RedisTemplate实例，指定不同的连接工厂及序列化方式。

2. 用户行为服务

   • 通过UserBehaviorService接口及其实现类UserBehaviorServiceImpl，实现对用户点赞、收藏、评论、浏览行为的记录。
   • 在操作数据库的同时，将用户行为数据存储到Redis中以提高读取效率。

3. Token拦截器

   • 使用TokenInterceptor类在每次请求前验证Token。
   • 验证通过后，将用户信息存储到ThreadLocal中，供后续操作使用。

代码实现

Redis配置类

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {@Value("${spring.data.redis.host}")private String redisHost;@Value("${spring.data.redis.port}")private int redisPort;@Value("${spring.data.redis.password}")private String redisPassword;@Bean(name = "tokenRedisConnectionFactory")public RedisConnectionFactory tokenRedisConnectionFactory() {RedisStandaloneConfiguration config = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration(redisHost, redisPort);config.setPassword(redisPassword);config.setDatabase(0);return new LettuceConnectionFactory(config);}@Bean(name = "userBehaviorRedisConnectionFactory")public RedisConnectionFactory userBehaviorRedisConnectionFactory() {RedisStandaloneConfiguration config = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration(redisHost, redisPort);config.setPassword(redisPassword);config.setDatabase(1);return new LettuceConnectionFactory(config);}@Bean(name = "redisTemplate")public StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate(@Qualifier("tokenRedisConnectionFactory") RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate();template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());template.setValueSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());return template;}@Bean(name = "userBehaviorRedisTemplate")public RedisTemplate<String, Map<String, Integer>> userBehaviorRedisTemplate(@Qualifier("userBehaviorRedisConnectionFactory") RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {RedisTemplate<String, Map<String, Integer>> template = new RedisTemplate<>();template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());template.setValueSerializer(new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Map.class));return template;}
}

用户行为服务实现类

@Service
public class UserBehaviorServiceImpl implements UserBehaviorService {private static final long CACHE_EXPIRATION_DAYS = 1;private static final String CACHE_PREFIX = "articleCounts:";@Autowiredprivate UserBehaviorMapper userBehaviorMapper;@Autowired@Qualifier("userBehaviorRedisTemplate")private RedisTemplate<String, Map<String, Integer>> userBehaviorRedisTemplate;@Overridepublic void setLikeArticle(Likes likes) {likes.setCreateTime(LocalDateTime.now());Integer userId = ThreadLocalUtil.getUser("id");if (userId != null) {likes.setUserId(userId);}userBehaviorMapper.insertLike(likes);}@Overridepublic void setFavoriteArticle(Favorites favorites) {favorites.setCreateTime(LocalDateTime.now());Integer userId = ThreadLocalUtil.getUser("id");if (userId != null) {favorites.setUserId(userId);}userBehaviorMapper.insertFavorite(favorites);}@Overridepublic void setCommentArticle(Comments comments) {comments.setCreateTime(LocalDateTime.now());Integer userId = ThreadLocalUtil.getUser("id");if (userId != null) {comments.setUserId(userId);}userBehaviorMapper.insertComment(comments);}@Overridepublic void setViewArticle(Views views) {views.setCreateTime(LocalDateTime.now());Integer userId = ThreadLocalUtil.getUser("id");if (userId != null) {views.setUserId(userId);}userBehaviorMapper.insertView(views);}@Overridepublic Map<String, Integer> getArticleCounts(Integer articleId) {String key = CACHE_PREFIX + articleId;Map<String, Integer> counts = userBehaviorRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);if (counts == null) {counts = fetchArticleCountsFromDB(articleId);cacheArticleCounts(articleId, counts);}return counts;}private Map<String, Integer> fetchArticleCountsFromDB(Integer articleId) {Map<String, Integer> counts = new HashMap<>();counts.put("likesCount", userBehaviorMapper.selectLikesCount(articleId));counts.put("favoritesCount", userBehaviorMapper.selectFavoritesCount(articleId));counts.put("commentsCount", userBehaviorMapper.selectCommentsCount(articleId));counts.put("viewsCount", userBehaviorMapper.selectViewsCount(articleId));return counts;}private void cacheArticleCounts(Integer articleId, Map<String, Integer> counts) {String key = CACHE_PREFIX + articleId;userBehaviorRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, counts, CACHE_EXPIRATION_DAYS, TimeUnit.DAYS);}
}

Token拦截器

@Component
public class TokenInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {@Autowiredprivate StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, @NotNull HttpServletResponse response, @NotNull Object handler) throws Exception {String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");if (token == null || token.isEmpty()) {response.setStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());return false;}try {ValueOperations<String, String> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();String redisToken = operations.get(token);if (redisToken == null) {response.setStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());return false;}Map<String, Object> claims = JwtUtil.parseToken(token);ThreadLocalUtil.setUser(claims);return true;} catch (Exception e) {response.setStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());return false;}}@Overridepublic void postHandle(@NotNull HttpServletRequest request, @NotNull HttpServletResponse response, @NotNull Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {}@Overridepublic void afterCompletion(@NotNull HttpServletRequest request, @NotNull HttpServletResponse response, @NotNull Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {ThreadLocalUtil.remove();}
}