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Java版Flink使用指南——从RabbitMQ中队列中接入消息流

news 2026/2/8 18:52:55

大纲

创建RabbitMQ队列
新建工程
- 新增依赖
- 编码
- - 设置数据源配置
  - 读取、处理数据
  - 完整代码
- 打包、上传和运行任务
- 测试
工程代码

在《Java版Flink使用指南——安装Flink和使用IntelliJ制作任务包》一文中，我们完成了第一个小型Demo的编写。例子中的数据是代码预先指定的。而现实中，数据往往来源于外部。本文我们将尝试Flink从RabbitMQ中读取数据，然后输出到日志中。
关于RabbitMQ的知识可以参阅《RabbitMQ实践》。

创建RabbitMQ队列

我们创建一个Classic队列data.from.rbtmq。注意要选择Durable类型，这是后续用的默认连接器的限制。
具体方法见《RabbitMQ实践——在管理后台测试消息收发功能》。
在这里插入图片描述

后续我们将在后台通过默认交换器，给这个队列新增消息。

新建工程

我们在IntelliJ中新建一个工程DataFromRabbitMQ。
Archetype填入：org.apache.flink:flink-quickstart-java。
版本填入与Flink的版本：1.19.1
在这里插入图片描述

新增依赖

在pom.xml中新增RabbitMQ连接器

<dependency><groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId><artifactId>flink-connector-rabbitmq</artifactId><version>3.0.1-1.17</version>
</dependency>

编码

设置数据源配置

String queueName = "data.from.rbtmq";
String host = "172.21.112.140"; // IP of the rabbitmq server
int port = 5672;
String username = "admin";
String password = "fangliang";
String virtualHost = "/";
int parallelism = 1;// create a RabbitMQ source
RMQConnectionConfig rmqConnectionConfig = new RMQConnectionConfig.Builder().setHost(host).setPort(port).setUserName(username).setPassword(password).setVirtualHost(virtualHost).build();RMQSource<String> rmqSource = new RMQSource<>(rmqConnectionConfig, queueName, true, new SimpleStringSchema());

读取、处理数据

下面代码通过addSource添加RabbitMQ数据源。注意，不能使用fromSource方法，是因为RMQSource没有实现SourceFunction方法。

final DataStream<String> stream = env.addSource(rmqSource).name(username + "'s source from " + queueName).setParallelism(parallelism);stream.print().name(username + "'s data from " + queueName);

完整代码

/** Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one* or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file* distributed with this work for additional information* regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance* with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and* limitations under the License.*/package org.example;import org.apache.flink.api.common.serialization.SimpleStringSchema;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.rabbitmq.RMQSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.rabbitmq.common.RMQConnectionConfig;/*** Skeleton for a Flink DataStream Job.** <p>For a tutorial how to write a Flink application, check the* tutorials and examples on the <a href="https://flink.apache.org">Flink Website</a>.** <p>To package your application into a JAR file for execution, run* 'mvn clean package' on the command line.** <p>If you change the name of the main class (with the public static void main(String[] args))* method, change the respective entry in the POM.xml file (simply search for 'mainClass').*/
public class DataStreamJob {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// Sets up the execution environment, which is the main entry point// to building Flink applications.final StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();String queueName = "data.from.rbtmq";String host = "172.21.112.140"; // IP of the rabbitmq serverint port = 5672;String username = "admin";String password = "fangliang";String virtualHost = "/";int parallelism = 1;// create a RabbitMQ sourceRMQConnectionConfig rmqConnectionConfig = new RMQConnectionConfig.Builder().setHost(host).setPort(port).setUserName(username).setPassword(password).setVirtualHost(virtualHost).build();RMQSource<String> rmqSource = new RMQSource<>(rmqConnectionConfig, queueName, true, new SimpleStringSchema());final DataStream<String> stream = env.addSource(rmqSource).name(username + "'s source from " + queueName).setParallelism(parallelism);stream.print().name(username + "'s data from " + queueName);env.execute("Flink Java API Skeleton");}
}