探索 Blockly：自定义积木实例

3.实例

3.1.基础块

无输入 , 无输出

3.1.1.json

var textOneJson = {"type": "sql_test_text_one","message0": " one ","colour": 30,"tooltip":' 无输入 , 无输出'
};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_text_one'] = function(block) {return  ' one ';
};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_text_one'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textOneJson);}
};

3.1.2.js

.appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable("显示内容"), "TEXT_NAME");

Blockly.Blocks['js_base_one'] = {init: function () {this.appendDummyInput().appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable("无入, 无出"), "TEXT_NAME");this.setColour(145);this.setTooltip("无入, 无出");}
}
javascriptGenerator.forBlock['js_base_one'] = function(block) {return  ' one ' ;
};

3.2.输出类型 output

3.2.1.json

“output”: 指定类型 如: String | Number | …

注意生成代码函数的设置

var textBaseOneJson = {"type": "sql_test_base_one","message0": " one ","output": "String","colour": 30,"tooltip":' 返回 字符串 '
};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_base_one'] = function(block) {return    [ ' base one ' ,  javascriptGenerator.ORDER_ATOMIC];
};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_base_one'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textBaseOneJson);}
};

3.2.2.js

this.setOutput(true, "String");

Blockly.Blocks['js_base_two'] = {init: function () {this.appendDummyInput().appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable("无入, 有出"), "TEXT_NAME");this.setColour(145);this.setTooltip("无入, 有出");this.setOutput(true, "String");}
}
javascriptGenerator.forBlock['js_base_two'] = function(block) {return  [ ' base two ' ,  javascriptGenerator.ORDER_ATOMIC];
};

3.3.上下连接

3.3.1.json

previousStatement / nextStatement

var textFiveJson = {"type": "sql_test_text_five","message0": " five ","colour": 30,"previousStatement": null,"nextStatement": null,
};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_text_five'] = function(block) {return  ' five ' ;
};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_text_five'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textFiveJson);let thisBlock = this;}
};

3.3.2.js

Blockly.Blocks['js_base_three'] = {init: function () {this.appendDummyInput().appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable("上下连接"));this.setColour(145);this.setTooltip("上下连接");// this.setOutput(true, "String");// 下连this.setNextStatement(true);// this.setNextStatement(true, 'Action');// 上连this.setPreviousStatement(true);// this.setPreviousStatement(true, 'Action');}
}
javascriptGenerator.forBlock['js_base_three'] = function(block) {return   ' base three ' ;
};

3.4.输入 input

在 args# 数组内定义

• name (string): 输入的名称，用于识别输入。

• type (string): 输入类型，如 'input_value'、'input_statement'。

• check (string): 限制此输入可以接受的值或语句类型。

• align (string): 输入的对齐方式，如 'LEFT' 或 'RIGHT'。

3.4.1.input_value

接受一个值输入的槽

3.4.1.1.json

var textTwoJson = {"type": "sql_test_text_two","message0": " two %1 ","args0": [{"type": "input_value","name": "NAME","check": "String",}],"colour": 30,"tooltip":' 有输入 , 无输出'
};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_text_two'] = function(block) {var value_name = javascriptGenerator.valueToCode(block, 'NAME', javascriptGenerator.ORDER_ATOMIC);return  ' two ' + value_name ;
};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_text_two'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textTwoJson);}
};

3.4.1.2.inputsInline

"inputsInline": true, 输入块 为 内置块

var textInputFiveJson = {"type": "sql_test_input_five","message0": " input five %1","args0": [{"type": "input_value","name": "NUMBER","align": "RIGHT","check": "Number"}],"inputsInline": true,  // 输入应该与块主体保持在同一行，而不是下一行"colour": 230,"tooltip":' 内置 有输入'
};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_input_five'] = function(block) {// 获取输入值var numberInput = javascriptGenerator.valueToCode(block, 'NUMBER', javascriptGenerator.ORDER_ATOMIC);return  ' two ' + numberInput ;
};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_input_five'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textInputFiveJson);let thisBlock = this;}
};

3.4.1.3.js

Blockly.Blocks['js_base_four'] = {init: function () {this.appendValueInput('VALUE').setCheck('Number')  // 检测数据类型.appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable("计算值为:"));this.setColour(145);this.setTooltip("有入, 无出");// this.setInputsInline(true);}
}
javascriptGenerator.forBlock['js_base_four'] = function(block) {var value_input = javascriptGenerator.valueToCode(block, 'VALUE', javascriptGenerator.ORDER_ATOMIC);return value_input;
};

3.4.2.input_statement

接受另一个块作为输入的槽。

3.4.2.1. 案例 1

var doCode = javascriptGenerator.statementToCode(block, 'DO');

  var textBaseFourJson = {"type": "sql_test_base_four","message0": "( ) %1 ","args0": [{"type": "input_statement","name": "DO"}],"colour": 120,"tooltip": "包裹 其它块 "};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_base_four'] = function(block) {// 获取"DO"部分的代码var doCode = javascriptGenerator.statementToCode(block, 'DO');// 生成循环结构的代码var loopCode = ' ( ' +doCode.replace(/\n/g, '\n  ') + // 缩进内联代码'\n ) ';return loopCode;};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_base_four'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textBaseFourJson);}};

3.4.2.2. 案例 2

var textInputFourJson = {"type": "sql_test_input_four","message0": "input four 重复 %1 次：\n%2","args0": [{"type": "input_value","name": "TIMES","check": "Number"},{"type": "input_statement","name": "DO"}],"previousStatement": null,"nextStatement": null,"colour": 120,"tooltip": "重复执行指定次数的代码块。"
};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_input_four'] = function(block) {// 获取重复次数var times = javascriptGenerator.valueToCode(block, 'TIMES', javascriptGenerator.ORDER_ATOMIC);// 获取"DO"部分的代码var doCode = javascriptGenerator.statementToCode(block, 'DO');// 生成循环结构的代码var loopCode = 'for (var i = 0; i < ' + times + '; i++) {\n' +doCode.replace(/\n/g, '\n  ') + // 缩进内联代码'\n}';return loopCode;
};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_input_four'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textInputFourJson);}
};

3.4.2.3.js

Blockly.Blocks['js_base_six'] = {init: function () {this.appendStatementInput('DO').appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable("包括:"));this.setColour(145);}
}
javascriptGenerator.forBlock['js_base_six'] = function(block) {var value_input = javascriptGenerator.statementToCode(block, 'DO' );return value_input;
};

3.4.2.4.三句

Blockly.Blocks['js_base_seven'] = {init: function () {this.appendDummyInput().appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable(" ( "));this.appendStatementInput('DO').appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable(""));this.appendDummyInput().appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable(" ) "));this.setColour(145);}
}
javascriptGenerator.forBlock['js_base_seven'] = function(block) {var value_input = javascriptGenerator.statementToCode(block, 'DO' );return "(" +  value_input  + ")";
};

3.5.属性 Field

在 args# 数组内定义的特定类型对象

• type (string): 字段类型，如 'field_input', 'field_dropdown', 'field_label_serializable'。
• name (string): 字段的变量名，在生成代码时使用。
• text (string): 显示的默认文本（对于某些字段类型）。
• options / params (Array): 选项列表（对于下拉菜单等字段类型）。

3.5.1.field_input

可编辑的文本输入字段。

3.5.1.1.json

 var textInputOneJson = {"type": "sql_test_input_one","message0": " input one %1","args0": [{"type": "field_input","name": "TEXT","text": "默认文本"}],"colour": 60,};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_input_one'] = function(block) {var text = block.getFieldValue('TEXT');// 返回生成的代码字符串，这里假设输出就是用户输入的文本return 'input one : "' + text.replace(/"/g, '\\"') + '"';
};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_input_one'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textInputOneJson);let thisBlock = this;}
};

3.5.1.2.js

new Blockly.FieldTextInput("name")

      Blockly.Blocks['js_field_one'] = {init: function () {this.appendDummyInput().appendField(new Blockly.FieldLabelSerializable("名称"), "TEXT_NAME").appendField(new Blockly.FieldTextInput("name"), "TEXT_INPUT");this.setColour(85);}}javascriptGenerator.forBlock['js_field_one'] = function(block) {var text = block.getFieldValue('TEXT_INPUT');return "名称 : " +  text  ;};

3.5.2.field_Number

3.5.2.1.json

“value”: 1, “min”: 0, “max”: 100, “precision”: 1

初始值、最小值、最大值和精度

 var textInputThreeJson = {"type": "sql_test_input_three","message0": " input three %1","args0": [{"type": "field_Number","name": "NUMBER","value": 1,"min": 0,"max": 100,"precision": 1}],"colour": 60,};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_input_three'] = function(block) {var number = block.getFieldValue('NUMBER');// 生成计算平方的JavaScript代码var code = 'Math.pow(' + number + ', 2)';// 返回生成的代码return code;};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_input_three'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textInputThreeJson);let thisBlock = this;}};

3.5.2.2.js

Blockly.Blocks['js_field_two'] = {init: function () {this.appendDummyInput().appendField(new Blockly.FieldNumber(0), "NUM_INPUT");this.setOutput(true, "Number");this.setColour(85);}
}
javascriptGenerator.forBlock['js_field_two'] = function(block) {var text = block.getFieldValue('NUM_INPUT');return  [ text ,  javascriptGenerator.ORDER_ATOMIC ];
};

3.5.3.field_dropdown

3.5.3.1.json

 var textInputTwoJson = {"type": "sql_test_input_two","message0": " input Two %1","args0": [{"type": "field_dropdown","name": "TEXT","options":[["狗", "Dog"],["猫", "Cat"],["大象", "Elephant"]]}],"colour": 60,};javascriptGenerator.forBlock['sql_test_input_two'] = function(block) {var value_name =     block.getFieldValue('TEXT');// 返回生成的代码字符串return  ' input Two ' + value_name  ;
};Blockly.Blocks['sql_test_input_two'] = {init: function() {this.jsonInit(textInputTwoJson);}
};

3.5.3.2.js

  Blockly.Blocks['js_field_three'] = {init: function () {var options = [['选项1', 'option1'],['选项2', 'option2'],['选项3', 'option3']];this.appendDummyInput().appendField(new Blockly.FieldDropdown(options), 'SELECTED_OPTION');this.setOutput(true, 'String'); // 输出类型为字符串this.setColour(85);}}javascriptGenerator.forBlock['js_field_three'] = function(block) {var selectedOption = block.getFieldValue('SELECTED_OPTION');// 生成的代码基于用户选择的选项var code = `'${selectedOption}'`;return [code, javascriptGenerator.ORDER_ATOMIC];};