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Android 自定义 Dialog 实现列表单选，多选，搜索

news 2026/2/10 16:54:12

前言

在Android开发中，通过对话框让用户选择，筛选信息是很方便也很常见的操作。本文详细介绍了如何使用自定义 Dialog、RecyclerView 以及自定义搜索框来实现选中状态和用户交互，文中大本分代码都有明确注释，主打一个简单明了，实际效果如下，可单选，全选，精准查找，选择状态变化，以及信息回调

一、Builder 模式

说到自定义 Dialog，就不得不提到 Builder模式，

Android系统中的Builder设计模式是一种创建型设计模式，它主要用于构建一个复杂对象，并将其构建过程与表示分离，Builder设计模式通过将一个复杂对象的构建过程拆解成一系列简单的步骤，使得构建过程更加灵活、可读和易于扩展。它允许用户在不知道内部构建细节的情况下，可以更精细地控制对象的构造流程。

在Android开发中，Builder模式的一个常见应用是AlertDialog.Builder。AlertDialog是一个复杂的对话框对象，它包含多个属性和方法。使用AlertDialog.Builder可以方便地构建和显示对话框，而无需直接操作AlertDialog对象。例如：

AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);  
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.icon);  
builder.setTitle("头部");  
builder.setMessage("内容");  
builder.setPositiveButton("Button1", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {  // 处理点击事件  }  
});  
builder.create().show(); // 构建并显示对话框

综上所述，Builder设计模式在Android开发中具有重要的应用价值。它可以帮助开发者构建复杂对象，提高代码的可读性和可维护性，同时支持灵活的构建过程和对象变种。

二、使用步骤

1. 自定义 SerachSelectDialog

public class SerachSelectDialog extends Dialog {private static SearchSelectAdapter sa;private static String result;private static List<String> resultList = new ArrayList<>();private static List<String> selectedItems;private static int searchPosition;public SerachSelectDialog(Context context, int themeResId) {super(context, themeResId);}/*** 设置 Dialog的大小** @param x 宽比例* @param y 高比例*/public void setDialogWindowAttr(double x, double y, Activity activity) {if (x < 0 || x > 1 || y < 0 || y > 1) {return;}Window window = this.getWindow();WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = window.getAttributes();WindowManager manager = activity.getWindowManager();DisplayMetrics outMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();manager.getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(outMetrics);int width = outMetrics.widthPixels;int height = outMetrics.heightPixels;lp.gravity = Gravity.BOTTOM;lp.width = (int) (width * x);lp.height = (int) (height * y);this.getWindow().setAttributes(lp);}public static class Builder {private String title;private View contentView;private String positiveButtonText;private String negativeButtonText;private List<ItemModel> listData;private View.OnClickListener positiveButtonClickListener;private View.OnClickListener negativeButtonClickListener;private View.OnClickListener singleButtonClickListener;private View layout;private Context context;private SerachSelectDialog dialog;private OnSelectedListiner selectedListiner;SearchView searchView;LinearLayout closeBtn;LinearLayout okBtn;TextView titleView;private boolean state = false;private RecyclerView itemLv;private final TextView qxTv;//初始化public Builder(Context context) {//这里传入自定义的style，直接影响此Dialog的显示效果。style具体实现见style.xmlthis.context = context;dialog = new SerachSelectDialog(context, R.style.selectDialog);LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.dialog_select_search, null);qxTv = layout.findViewById(R.id.qx_tv);itemLv = layout.findViewById(R.id.item_lv);searchView = layout.findViewById(R.id.searchView);closeBtn = layout.findViewById(R.id.diss_layout);okBtn = layout.findViewById(R.id.ok_layout);titleView = layout.findViewById(R.id.title_tv);dialog.addContentView(layout, new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));}public Builder setTitle(String title) {this.title = title;return this;}public void setListData(List<ItemModel> listData) {this.listData = listData;}/*** 单按钮对话框和双按钮对话框的公共部分在这里设置*/private SerachSelectDialog create() {GridLayoutManager gridLayoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(context, 3);sa = new SearchSelectAdapter(listData);itemLv.setLayoutManager(gridLayoutManager);itemLv.setAdapter(sa);//搜索事件searchView.setSearchViewListener(new SearchView.onSearchViewListener() {@Overridepublic boolean onQueryTextChange(String text) {updateLayout(searchItem(text));return false;}});//全选qxTv.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {if (sa.getSelectedItemPositions().size() == sa.getItemCount()) {sa.clearSelection();} else {sa.selectAll();resultList = sa.getSelectedItems();}}});//取消按钮closeBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {dialog.dismiss();resultList.clear();}});//确认按钮okBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {String json = new Gson().toJson(resultList);selectedListiner.onSelected(json);dialog.dismiss();resultList.clear();}});dialog.setOnDismissListener(new OnDismissListener() {@Overridepublic void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) {}});//item点击事件sa.setOnItemClickListener(new SearchSelectAdapter.OnItemClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onItemClick(int position) {boolean selected = listData.get(position).isSelected();result = listData.get(position).getItemName();if (selected == true) {resultList.add(result);} else {resultList.remove(result);}Log.i("U--", resultList.toString() + selected + "");}});dialog.setContentView(layout);//用户可以点击手机Back键取消对话框显示dialog.setCancelable(true);//用户不能通过点击对话框之外的地方取消对话框显示dialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false);return dialog;}//在数据源中查找匹配的数据public List<ItemModel> searchItem(String name) {ArrayList<ItemModel> mSearchList = new ArrayList<ItemModel>();for (int i = 0; i < listData.size(); i++) {int index = listData.get(i).getItemName().indexOf(name);// 存在匹配的数据if (index != -1) {mSearchList.add(listData.get(i));Log.i("U--", i + "搜索位置");searchPosition = i;}}return mSearchList;}//提供匹配后的的数据进行数据回调public void updateLayout(List<ItemModel> newList) {final SearchSelectAdapter sa = new SearchSelectAdapter(newList);GridLayoutManager gridLayoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(context, 3);itemLv.setLayoutManager(gridLayoutManager);itemLv.setAdapter(sa);//item点击事件sa.setOnItemClickListener(new SearchSelectAdapter.OnItemClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onItemClick(int position) {result = newList.get(position).getItemName();boolean selected = listData.get(searchPosition).isSelected();if (selected == true) {resultList.add(result);} else {resultList.remove(result);}Log.i("U--", resultList.toString() + selected + "");}});}//自定义接口进行数据点击回传public static abstract class OnSelectedListiner {public abstract void onSelected(String String);}public void setSelectedListiner(SerachSelectDialog.Builder.OnSelectedListiner selectedListiner) {this.selectedListiner = selectedListiner;}//弹框展示public SerachSelectDialog show() {create();dialog.show();return dialog;}}
}

2.自定义搜索框 SearchView

UI 主要包括输入框，删除键 ,主要通过监听EditText 的文本以及输入框的变化，设置搜索回调接口来实现

public class SearchView extends LinearLayout implements View.OnClickListener {/*** 输入框*/private EditText etInput;/*** 删除键*/private ImageView ivDelete;/*** 上下文对象*/private Context mContext;/*** 搜索回调接口*/private onSearchViewListener mListener;/*** 设置搜索回调接口** @param listener 监听者*/public void setSearchViewListener(onSearchViewListener listener) {mListener = listener;}public SearchView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {super(context, attrs);mContext = context;LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.view_search_layout, this);initViews();}private void initViews() {etInput = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_search_text);ivDelete = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imb_search_clear);ivDelete.setOnClickListener(this);etInput.addTextChangedListener(new EditChangedListener());etInput.setOnClickListener(this);}private class EditChangedListener implements TextWatcher {@Overridepublic void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i2, int i3) {}@Overridepublic void onTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i2, int i3) {if (!"".equals(charSequence.toString())) {ivDelete.setVisibility(VISIBLE);//更新autoComplete数据if (mListener != null) {mListener.onQueryTextChange(charSequence + "");}} else {ivDelete.setVisibility(GONE);}}@Overridepublic void afterTextChanged(Editable editable) {}}@Overridepublic void onClick(View view) {switch (view.getId()) {case R.id.imb_search_clear:etInput.setText("");if (mListener != null) {mListener.onQueryTextChange("");}ivDelete.setVisibility(GONE);break;}}/*** search view回调方法*/public interface onSearchViewListener {boolean onQueryTextChange(String text);}
}

3.SearchSelectAdapter

主要实现条目的点击事件以及数据回调

public class SearchSelectAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<SearchSelectAdapter.ViewHolder> {private List<ItemModel> itemList;private List<Integer> selectedItemPositions;//声明接口private OnItemClickListener onItemClickListener;public SearchSelectAdapter(List<ItemModel> itemList) {this.itemList = itemList;selectedItemPositions = new ArrayList<>();}@Overridepublic int getItemCount() {return itemList.size();}public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener listener) {this.onItemClickListener = listener;}@NonNull@Overridepublic ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {// 创建ViewHolderView view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.list_cell_select_single, parent, false);return new ViewHolder(view);}@Overridepublic void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder holder, int position) {// 绑定数据到ViewHolderItemModel item = itemList.get(position);holder.textView.setText(item.getItemName());//给条目布局设置点击事件holder.itemLayout.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {if (selectedItemPositions.contains(position)) {selectedItemPositions.remove(Integer.valueOf(position));holder.textView.setTextColor(Color.BLACK);holder.itemView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.item_grey_layout_bg);item.setSelected(false);} else {selectedItemPositions.add(position);holder.textView.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);holder.itemView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.item_blue_layout_bg);item.setSelected(true);}if (onItemClickListener != null) {onItemClickListener.onItemClick(position);}}});if (selectedItemPositions.contains(position)) {holder.textView.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);holder.itemView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.item_blue_layout_bg);} else {holder.textView.setTextColor(Color.BLACK);holder.itemView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.item_grey_layout_bg);}}/*** 接口回调*/public interface OnItemClickListener {void onItemClick(int position);}public void selectAll() {selectedItemPositions.clear();for (int i = 0; i < itemList.size(); i++) {selectedItemPositions.add(i);}notifyDataSetChanged();}public void clearSelection() {selectedItemPositions.clear();notifyDataSetChanged();}public List<Integer> getSelectedItemPositions() {return selectedItemPositions;}public List<String> getSelectedItems() {List<String> selectedItems = new ArrayList<>();for (int position : selectedItemPositions) {selectedItems.add(itemList.get(position).getItemName());}return selectedItems;}public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {private final TextView textView;private final LinearLayout itemLayout;public ViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {super(itemView);textView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_select_info);itemLayout = itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_layout);}}
}

4.xml 布局

dialog_select_search.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:background="@drawable/item_white_layout"android:orientation="vertical"><RelativeLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="50dp"><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/title_tv"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_centerInParent="true"android:text="岗位选择"android:textColor="@color/black" /></RelativeLayout><com.example.dialoglistview.SearchViewandroid:id="@+id/searchView"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/qx_tv"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/dp_10"android:text="全选"android:textSize="16sp" /><androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerViewandroid:id="@+id/item_lv"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content" /><Viewandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="1dp"android:background="@color/grey" /><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="40dp"android:background="@color/transparent"android:gravity="center"android:orientation="horizontal"><LinearLayoutandroid:id="@+id/diss_layout"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_weight="1"android:gravity="center"><TextViewandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="取消"android:textColor="@color/sea_blue" /></LinearLayout><Viewandroid:layout_width="1dp"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:background="@color/grey" /><LinearLayoutandroid:id="@+id/ok_layout"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_weight="1"android:gravity="center"><TextViewandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="确定"android:textColor="@color/sea_blue" /></LinearLayout></LinearLayout></LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

view_search_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="50dp"android:background="#ffffff"android:gravity="center"android:orientation="vertical"><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="35dp"android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"android:layout_marginRight="15dp"android:background="@drawable/item_search_layout"android:gravity="center_vertical"android:orientation="horizontal"><ImageButtonandroid:id="@+id/imb_search_search"android:layout_width="20dp"android:layout_height="20dp"android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"android:background="#F0F0F0"android:scaleType="centerInside"android:src="@mipmap/im_search_back" /><EditTextandroid:id="@+id/et_search_text"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"android:layout_marginRight="15dp"android:layout_weight="1"android:background="@null"android:hint="请输入搜索内容"android:lines="1"android:textSize="14sp" /><ImageButtonandroid:id="@+id/imb_search_clear"android:layout_width="35dp"android:layout_height="35dp"android:layout_marginRight="20dp"android:background="#F0F0F0"android:padding="12.5dp"android:scaleType="centerInside"android:src="@mipmap/delet_zhaopian_1x"android:visibility="gone" /></LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

5.数据支持

// 创建数据列表
itemList = new ArrayList<>();
itemList.add(new ItemModel("医生", false));
itemList.add(new ItemModel("警察", false));
itemList.add(new ItemModel("护士", false));
itemList.add(new ItemModel("农民", false));
itemList.add(new ItemModel("工人", false));
itemList.add(new ItemModel("司机", false));

public class ItemModel {private String itemName;private boolean isSelected;public ItemModel(String itemName, boolean isSelected) {this.itemName = itemName;this.isSelected = isSelected;}public String getItemName() {return itemName;}public void setItemName(String itemName) {this.itemName = itemName;}public boolean isSelected() {return isSelected;}public void setSelected(boolean selected) {isSelected = selected;}
}

6.实际应用

    private void openSearchSelectDialog() {SerachSelectDialog.Builder alert = new SerachSelectDialog.Builder(this);alert.setListData(itemList);alert.setTitle("岗位选择");alert.setSelectedListiner(new SerachSelectDialog.Builder.OnSelectedListiner() {@Overridepublic void onSelected(String info) {okTv.setText(info);}});SerachSelectDialog mDialog = alert.show();//设置Dialog 尺寸mDialog.setDialogWindowAttr(0.9, 0.9, this);}

三、总结

后续 Demo 会上传

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前言