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Springboot项目搭建（3）-更改用户信息与文件上传

news 2026/5/22 18:23:06

1.概要

前一章节完成了用户信息的注册、登录、详细信息查询，以及线程池与拦截器技术。

这一章完善了用户信息更新/更改功能，包括昵称、邮箱、头像、密码等...

而后接触到了本地上传和云上传，其二者区别：

选择本地上传还是云上传取决于具体的业务需求、预算、数据量、以及对速度和可靠性的要求。对于需要高可靠性和可扩展性的大规模数据存储，云上传通常是更好的选择。而对于小型项目或对成本敏感的场景，本地上传可能更加合适。

借助阿里云的OSS对象存储服务，更方便的使网站，去进行静态内容托管、备份和归档。

2.更新用户信息

2.1 映射类UserMapper

文件地址：org/example/mapper/UserMapper.java

now()：获得数据库的系统时间

package org.example.mapper;
import ...
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {......//更新用户表，设计昵称邮箱等数值@Update("update user set nickname=#{nickname},email=#{email},update_time=#{updateTime} where id=#{id}")void update(User user);//更新用户头像@Update("update user set user_pic=#{avatarUrl},update_time=now() where id=#{id}")//创建updateAvatar接口,Integer规范数据为整型void updateAvatar(String avatarUrl,Integer id);//更新用户密码@Update("update user set password=#{rePassword},update_time=now() where id=#{id}")void updatePassword(String rePassword,Integer id);
}

2.2 业务层UserService

2.2.1 创建接口

文件地址：org/example/service/UserService.java

//更新用户信息
void update(User user);
//更新用户头像
void updateAvatar(String avatarUrl);
//更新用户密码
void updatePassword(String rePassword);

2.2.2 实现接口

文件地址：org/example/service/impl/UserServiceImpl.java

package org.example.service.impl;
import ...
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {............//实现用户信息更新@Overridepublic void update(User user) {//设置用户更新时间为当前系统时间//LocalDateTime.now()获得系统时间user.setUpdateTime(LocalDateTime.now());userMapper.update(user);}//实现用户头像更新@Overridepublic void updateAvatar(String avatarUrl) {//由于请求后，线程池中将会存放该用户的信息，包含ID值Map<String,Object> map = ThreadLocalUtil.get();Integer id = (Integer) map.get("id");userMapper.updateAvatar(avatarUrl, id);}//实现用户密码更新@Overridepublic void updatePassword(String rePassword) {Map<String,Object> map = ThreadLocalUtil.get();Integer id = (Integer) map.get("id");String md5String = Md5Util.getMD5String(rePassword);userMapper.updatePassword(md5String, id);}
}

2.3 控制层UserController

文件地址：org/example/controller/UserController.java

@RequestBody：将前端传来的数据自动转换成JSON格式的字符串，并且为对象User赋值

@Validate：开启参数校验

    //更新用户信息@PutMapping("/update")public Result update(@RequestBody @Validated User user){//调用业务层的更新用户方法userService.update(user);return Result.success();}@PutMapping("/updateavatar")//更新用户头像信息public Result updateAvatar(@RequestParam String avatarUrl){userService.updateAvatar(avatarUrl);return Result.success();}//更新用户密码信息@PostMapping("/updatePwd")public Result updatePwd(@RequestBody Map<String,String> params){// 获得前端传来的旧密码，新密码，确认密码// 校验数据String oldPwd = params.get("old_Pwd");String newPwd = params.get("new_Pwd");String rePwd = params.get("re_Pwd");// 各密码不能为null// StringUtils.hasLength(oldPwd)判断字符中的个数，返回Boolean，// 如果变量中没有值则返回falseif (!StringUtils.hasLength(oldPwd)||!StringUtils.hasLength(newPwd)||!StringUtils.hasLength(rePwd)){return Result.error("缺少必要の参数");}//验证原密码是否正确Map<String,Object> map = ThreadLocalUtil.get();String username = (String)map.get("username");User user = userService.findUserByUsername(username);//判断输入的旧密码，与数据库的密码是否一致if (!user.getPassword().equals(Md5Util.getMD5String(oldPwd))){return Result.error("旧密码输入错误");}//判断新密码和确认密码是否一致if (!rePwd.equals(newPwd)){return Result.error("新密码和确认密码不一致");}//更新数据中的密码userService.updatePassword(newPwd);return Result.success();}

2.4 校检数据格式

@JsonIgnore：配置springmvc把当前对象转换成json字符串的时候忽略password

@Email：校验数据为邮箱格式

@NotEmpty：校验不能为空

@Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{1,10}$")：校验内容为字符型，且在1-10位之间

package org.example.entity;
import ...
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {private Integer id;private String username;@JsonIgnoreprivate String password;@NotEmpty@Emailprivate String email;@NotEmpty@Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{1,10}$")private String nickname;private String userPic;private LocalDateTime createTime;private LocalDateTime updateTime;
}

2.5 实验效果

2.5.1 更新用户信息

2.5.2 更新用户头像

2.5.3 更改用户密码

3.文件上传&本地储存FileUploadController

文件地址：org/example/controller/FileUploadController.java

使用 @PostMapping 注解来映射 POST 请求到 /upload 路径。

这个方法接收一个 MultipartFile 类型的参数 file，用于处理上传的文件。

MultipartFile：用于传输二进制文件，如图片、视频等

originalFilename.lastIndexOf(".")：获取上传文件的扩展名，如jpg、png

UUID.randomUUID().toString()：随机获得一个唯一id值作为名字

package org.example.controller;
import org.example.entity.Result;
import org.example.utils.AliOssUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;
@RestController
public class FileUploadController {@PostMapping("/upload")public Result<String> upload(MultipartFile file) throws IOException {//把文件内容存储到本地磁盘上String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();System.out.println(originalFilename);//保证文件名唯一性String filename = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));//向目标传递图片的二进制值file.transferTo(new File("D:\\workspace\\images\\"+filename));return Result.success("url访问地址");}
}

4.文件上传&阿里云OSS

步骤：

注册登录-开通对象储存服务-创建bucket-获取AccessKey-参照SDK编写程序-集成OSS

Bucket：是一种用于存储数据的基本容器

AccessKey：用于身份验证和访问控制的一种机制

SDK（Software Development Kit，软件开发工具包）：是一套工具、库、文档和代码样本的集合，用于帮助开发者为特定的软件包、软件框架、硬件平台、操作系统等创建应用程序或库。

4.1 注册登录

略

4.2 开通对象储存服务

释放数据激情，云存储新纪元！极速、安全、经济，一切尽在掌控！

立即加入，快来领取吧！让数据飞起来！

4.3 创建bucket

开通过后，回到主页，拉至最下方。有权益中心-免费试用按键。

进入免费试用后，可查看我的试用。

在费用与成本中进入管理关联实例，抵达OSS管理控制台。

其中可查看与创建自己的"bucket"

自定义创建-填写bucket名称-其余默认（所属资源组:空）-完成创建

设置bucket使用权限：

1.进入bucket 2.权限控制-阻止公共访问：关闭 3.权限控制-读写权限：公共读写

4.4 获取AccessKey

在此地可创建属于自己的密钥

4.5 参照SDK编写程序pom.xml

安装SDK：在MAVEN项目pom.xml中加入SDK依赖

<!--阿里云OSS服务-->
<dependency><groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId><artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId><version>3.17.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId><artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId><version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>javax.activation</groupId><artifactId>activation</artifactId><version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- no more than 2.3.3-->
<dependency><groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId><artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId><version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>

4.6 测试OSS-uploadTest

文件地址：src/test/java/uploadTest.java

执行文件测试文件后，可在阿里云bucket列表中，

访问到个人电脑中D:\\workspace\\images\\1.jpg（为例）地址上的图片。

云上的图片名为："wagaga.jpg"（String objectName的值）。

点击wagaga.jpg处可复制到图片的下载地址，在浏览器中打开可直接下载到本地。

import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.comm.SignVersion;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectResult;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
public class uploadTest {//测试上传文件至阿里云的OSSpublic static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com";// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。// EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。String bucketName = "new-system-622";// 填写Object完整路径，完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称，例如exampledir/exampleobject.txt。String objectName = "wagaga.jpg";// 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1（杭州）为例，Region填写为cn-hangzhou。String region = "cn-beijing";//填写AccesskeyString ACCESS_KEY_ID="LTAI5t798Q7kyDGjn3emtKUy";String ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="Pn4LIt2AQw04jIvorcdF62dJSVqO67";// 创建OSSClient实例。ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint,ACCESS_KEY_ID,ACCESS_KEY_SECRET);try {// 填写字符串。String content = "Hello OSS，你好世界";// 创建PutObjectRequest对象。PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, new FileInputStream("D:\\workspace\\images\\1.jpg"));// 如果需要上传时设置存储类型和访问权限，请参考以下示例代码。// ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();// metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());// metadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.Private);// putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);// 上传字符串。PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "+ "such as not being able to access the network.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient != null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}}
}

4.7 联系自身代码集成OSS-AliOssUtils

新建文件：org/example/utils/AliOssUtils.java

private static final String ENDPOINT = "https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com"：

private 私有的
static 静态的，只加载一次
final 不允许被修改
String 声明数据类型
ENDPOINT 常量名，通常大写

package org.example.utils;
import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.comm.SignVersion;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectResult;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class AliOssUtils {//常量是在程序中固定不会变的数据private static final String ENDPOINT = "https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com";private static final String ACCESS_KEY_ID="LTAI5t798Q7kyDGjn3emtKUy";private static final String ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="Pn4LIt2AQw04jIvorcdF62dJSVqO67";private static final String BUCKET_NAME = "new-system-622";private static final String REGION = "cn-beijing";public static String uploadFile(String objectName, InputStream in){// 创建OSSClient实例。ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(ENDPOINT,ACCESS_KEY_ID,ACCESS_KEY_SECRET);String url = ""; //创建变量作用域在try体外try {// 填写字符串。String content = "Hello OSS，你好世界";// 创建PutObjectRequest对象。PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(BUCKET_NAME, objectName, in);// 上传字符串。PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);//获得上传文件的地址url = "http://"+BUCKET_NAME+"."+ENDPOINT.substring(ENDPOINT.lastIndexOf("/")+1)+"/"+objectName;} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "+ "such as not being able to access the network.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient != null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}return url;}
}

4.8 返回FileUploadController