react 的路由功能

1. 安装依赖

pnpm add react-router-dom

2. 基本的路由设置（BrowserRouter）

在 main.tsx 入口文件中使用`BrowserRouter`组件来包裹整个应用。它会监听浏览器的 URL 变化。

import { StrictMode } from "react";import { createRoot } from "react-dom/client";import { BrowserRouter } from "react-router-dom";import App from "./App.tsx";createRoot(document.getElementById('root')!).render(<BrowserRouter><App /></BrowserRouter>)

3. 定义路由和组件（Routes 和 Route）

在根组件 App.tsx 定义路由和对应组件。

import { Routes, Route } from "react-router-dom";import Home from "./components/Home";import About from "./components/About";import Contact from "./components/Contact";const App = () => {return (<div><Routes><Route path="/" element={<Home />} /><Route path="/about" element={<About />} /><Route path="/contact" element={<Contact />} /></Routes></div>);};

4. 导航链接（Link）

在不刷新整个页面的情况下改变 URL 并触发相应的路由。

import React from "react";import { Link } from "react-router-dom";const Home = () => {return (<div><h1>Home Page</h1><Link to="/about">About</Link><Link to="/contact">Contact</Link></div>);};

5. 嵌套路由

例如：假设`About`组件内部还有子路由，如`About`组件中有`Team`和`History`两个子部分。

// App.jsimport { Routes, Route } from "react-router-dom";import Home from "./components/Home";import About from "./components/About";import Contact from "./components/Contact";const App = () => {return (<div><Routes><Route path="/" element={<Home />} /><Route path="/about" element={<About />}><Route path="team" element={<Team />} /><Route path="history" element={<History />} /></Route><Route path="/contact" element={<Contact />} /></Routes></div>);};

然后在`About`组件中，需要使用`Outlet`组件来显示子路由对应的组件。

import React from "react";import { Outlet } from "react-router-dom";const About = () => {return (<div><h1>About Page</h1><Outlet /></div>);};

6. 编程式导航（useNavigate）

使用`useNavigate`钩子函数。

import { useState } from "react";import { useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";const SomeComponent = () => {const navigate = useNavigate();const [data, setData] = useState("");const handleClick = () => {if (data === "go-to-about") {navigate("/about");}};return (<div><inputtype="text"value={data}onChange={(e) => setData(e.target.value)}/><button onClick={handleClick}>Navigate</button></div>);};