Docker创建一个mongodb实例，并用springboot连接 mongodb进行读写文件

一、通过Docker 进行运行一个 mongodb实例

1、拉取镜像

docker pull mongo:5.0.5

2、创建 mongodb容器实例

docker run -d --name mongodb2 \-e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=salaryMongo \-e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \-p 27017:27017 \mongo:5.0.5

3、进入容器，连接mongodb

#进入容器
docker exec -it mongodb2 bash#查看数据库
test> show databases;#切换admin数据库
test> use admin#查询当前数据库的所有集合(表)
admin> db.getCollectionNames()#查询当前库某个集合的记录
admin> db.admin.system.users.find()

4、客户端连接mongodb，这里以idea和navicat工具为例

下面是idea工具连接 mongodb示例图：

下面是 Navicat工具连接 mongodb示例图：

二、spring boot 连接 mongodb

1、这里用 spring boot 是2.2.2.RELEASE

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>2.0.52</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency>
</dependencies>

2、配置文件

mongodb:db: salaryReporthost: localhostport: 27017username: salaryMongopassword: 123456authDb: admin

3、配置类

@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mongodb")
public class MongoProperties {/*** 主机名*/private String host;/*** 端口*/private int port;/*** 集合*/private String db;/*** 用户名*/private String username;/*** 密码*/private String password;/*** 认证数据库*/private String authDb;
}

import com.mongodb.client.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoClients;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.config.AbstractMongoClientConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.SimpleMongoClientDbFactory;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsTemplate;/*** 自定义Mingodb 配置*/
@Configuration
public class MongoConfig extends AbstractMongoClientConfiguration {private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MongoConfig.class);/*** 配置文件*/@Autowiredprivate MongoProperties mongoProperties;/*** 自定义GridFsTemplate*/@Beanpublic GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate() {return new GridFsTemplate(mongoTemplate().getMongoDbFactory(), mongoTemplate().getConverter(),this.getDatabaseName());}/*** 自定义模板*/@Beanpublic MongoTemplate mongoTemplate(){SimpleMongoClientDbFactory factory = new SimpleMongoClientDbFactory(mongoClient(),this.getDatabaseName());MongoTemplate mongoTemplate = new MongoTemplate(factory);return mongoTemplate;}/*** 自定义数据库名称*/@Override@Beanprotected String getDatabaseName() {return mongoProperties.getDb();}/*** 自定义客户端*/@Override@Beanpublic MongoClient mongoClient() {LOGGER.info("MongoDB Connection Details: Host: {}, Port: {}, Database: {}, Auth Database: {}, Username: {}",mongoProperties.getHost(), mongoProperties.getPort(), getDatabaseName(),mongoProperties.getAuthDb(), mongoProperties.getUsername());//mongodb://salaryMongo:123456@localhost:27017/salaryReport?authSource=admin&retryWrites=true&w=majority// Docker环境的MongoDB连接String uri = String.format("mongodb://%s:%s@%s:%d/%s?authSource=admin&retryWrites=true&w=majority",mongoProperties.getUsername(),mongoProperties.getPassword(),mongoProperties.getHost(),mongoProperties.getPort(),getDatabaseName());LOGGER.info("MongoDB Connection URI: {}", uri);return MongoClients.create(uri);}
}

4、存储和读取文件接口

import com.bilibili.config.MongoProperties;
import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.DBObject;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.model.GridFSFile;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.bson.types.ObjectId;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsResource;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Map;@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = {"/api/exportFile"})
public class ExportFileController {@Autowiredprivate GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate;@Autowiredprivate MongoProperties mongoProperties;@ApiOperation(value = "上传Word文件")@PostMapping(value = {"/uploadFile"})public ResponseEntity<String> uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws IOException {//文件输入流InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();//文件名String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();// 上传文件中我们也可以使用DBObject附加一些属性DBObject metadata = new BasicDBObject();//把文件存储到mongodb里ObjectId objectId = gridFsTemplate.store(inputStream, originalFilename, mongoProperties.getDb(), metadata);String result = objectId.toString();// 处理文件流inputStream.close();System.out.println(result);return ResponseEntity.ok(result);}/*** 根据文件ID下载文件* @param response* @param param* @return* @throws IOException*/@PostMapping(value = {"/downloadFile"})public ResponseEntity<Void> downloadFile(HttpServletResponse response, @RequestBody Map<String,String> param) throws IOException {GridFsResource resource = null;try {String id = param.get("id");// 根据文件ID从GridFS中获取文件GridFSFile file = gridFsTemplate.findOne(new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(id)));if (file == null) {throw new RuntimeException("文件不存在");}String contentType = file.getMetadata().getString("contentType");response.setContentType(contentType);// 从GridFS中获取文件流并写入响应输出流resource = gridFsTemplate.getResource(file);} catch (RuntimeException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}InputStream fis = resource.getInputStream();XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(fis);// 将修改后的文档内容写回文件ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();document.write(outputStream);// 关闭流outputStream.close();fis.close();document.close();return ResponseEntity.ok().build();}
}

GridFS

在 MongoDB中，使用 GridFS存储大于 16MB 的文件。

GridFS 集合

GridFS 将文件存储在两个集合中：

chunks 存储着二进制数据块。有关详细信息，请参阅 chunks 集合。

files 存储文件的元数据。有关详细信息，请参阅 files 集合。

GridFS 通过为每个集合添加一个存储桶名称前缀，从而将这些集合放置在一个通用存储桶中。默认情况下，GridFS 使用两个集合以及带名为 fs 的存储桶：fs.files、fs.chunks

用于自管理部署的GridFS - MongoDB 手册 v8.0

5、存储的内容