Python使用socket实现简易的http服务

在接触的一些项目中，有时为了方便可视化一些服务状态（请求数很少），那么很容易想到使用http服务来实现。但开源的web后端框架，例如flask，fastapi，django等略显沉重，且使用这些框架会有各种各样的限制，为了更加灵活的使用，可以自己通过Python自带的socket库来实现，下面是我简单实现的代码，贴在这里方便后续使用。

客户端代码：

import os
import time
import json
import socket
import datetime
import traceback
from urllib import parse
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutorENCODING = "utf-8"class CustomRouter:def __init__(self):self.router_dict = {}def register(self, url: str, method: str):if method not in ["GET", "POST"]:raise ValueError(f"method only support GET or POST, got {method}")key = f"{url}:{method}"if key in self.router_dict:raise ValueError(f"url:{url} method:{method} already registed")def _register(func):self.router_dict[key] = funcreturn funcreturn _registerdef has_register(self, url: str, method: str):key = f"{url}:{method}"return key in self.router_dictdef request(self, url: str, method: str):key = f"{url}:{method}"func = self.router_dict[key]return func()router = CustomRouter()@router.register(url="/", method="GET")
def task():return "Hello World!!!"@router.register(url="/get_project_info", method="GET")
def get_project_info():info = {"pwd": os.path.abspath(os.curdir),"encoding": ENCODING,"time": datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}return json.dumps(info)class CustomServer:def __init__(self, port: int = 5055, backlog: int = 2, num_workers: int = 2):self.server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)self.server.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)self.server.bind(("", port))self.server.listen(backlog)self.buff_size = 1024self.encoding = ENCODINGself.router = routerself.timeout = 60self.thread_pool = ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=num_workers)def parse_message(self, message: str):method, url_params, message = message.split(" ", maxsplit=2)res = parse.urlparse(url_params)url = res.pathparams = dict([i for i in parse.parse_qsl(res.query)])version, message = message.split("\r\n", maxsplit=1)return method, url, params, versiondef task(self, conn: socket.socket, addr):conn.settimeout(self.timeout)try:message = conn.recv(self.buff_size).decode(self.encoding)t0 = time.perf_counter()method, url, params, version = self.parse_message(message)if not self.router.has_register(url, method):conn.send("HTTP/1.1 501 Not Implemented\r\n\r\n".encode(self.encoding))print(f"[{method}][501]client addr: {addr} request: {url}, time: {time.perf_counter() - t0:.5f}")conn.close()returnres = self.router.request(url, method)conn.send("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n".encode(self.encoding))conn.send(res.encode(self.encoding))print(f"[{method}][200]client addr: {addr} request: {url}, time: {time.perf_counter() - t0:.5f}")except (BrokenPipeError, TimeoutError):print(traceback.format_exc())except:print(traceback.format_exc())conn.send("HTTP/1.1 500 Inner Error\r\n\r\n".encode(self.encoding))print(f"[{method}][500]client addr: {addr} request: {url}, time: {time.perf_counter() - t0:.5f}")finally:conn.close()def run(self):while True:conn, addr = self.server.accept()self.thread_pool.submit(self.task, conn, addr)if __name__ == '__main__':s = CustomServer()s.run()

客户端代码：

import requestsdef main():for _ in range(50):res = requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:5055")print(res.status_code, res.text)res = requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:5055/get_project_info")print(res.status_code, res.json())if __name__ == '__main__':main()

客户端请求时，服务端终端输出：

[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38054) request: /, time: 0.00002
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38058) request: /get_project_info, time: 0.00004
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38060) request: /, time: 0.00002
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38070) request: /get_project_info, time: 0.00004
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38080) request: /, time: 0.00002
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38096) request: /get_project_info, time: 0.00004
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38098) request: /, time: 0.00002
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38114) request: /get_project_info, time: 0.00009
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38120) request: /, time: 0.00003
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38122) request: /get_project_info, time: 0.00006
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38136) request: /, time: 0.00003
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38146) request: /get_project_info, time: 0.00006
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38160) request: /, time: 0.00003
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38172) request: /get_project_info, time: 0.00005
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38178) request: /, time: 0.00002
[GET][200]client addr: ('127.0.0.1', 38182) request: /get_project_info, time: 0.00005

客户端终端输出：

200 Hello World!!!
200 {'pwd': '/home/wz/my_projects/others/socket_t', 'encoding': 'utf-8', 'time': '2025-01-14 00:20:01'}
200 Hello World!!!
200 {'pwd': '/home/wz/my_projects/others/socket_t', 'encoding': 'utf-8', 'time': '2025-01-14 00:20:01'}
200 Hello World!!!
200 {'pwd': '/home/wz/my_projects/others/socket_t', 'encoding': 'utf-8', 'time': '2025-01-14 00:20:01'}
200 Hello World!!!
200 {'pwd': '/home/wz/my_projects/others/socket_t', 'encoding': 'utf-8', 'time': '2025-01-14 00:20:01'}
200 Hello World!!!
200 {'pwd': '/home/wz/my_projects/others/socket_t', 'encoding': 'utf-8', 'time': '2025-01-14 00:20:01'}
200 Hello World!!!
200 {'pwd': '/home/wz/my_projects/others/socket_t', 'encoding': 'utf-8', 'time': '2025-01-14 00:20:01'}
200 Hello World!!!
200 {'pwd': '/home/wz/my_projects/others/socket_t', 'encoding': 'utf-8', 'time': '2025-01-14 00:20:01'}
200 Hello World!!!
200 {'pwd': '/home/wz/my_projects/others/socket_t', 'encoding': 'utf-8', 'time': '2025-01-14 00:20:01'}