【python随手记】——读取文本文件内容转换为json格式

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前言

场景：用于读取包含空格分隔数据的TXT文件，并将其转换为结构化JSON文件

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一、TXT文件转换为JSON数组

1.txt文件内容

地点A 116.405285 39.904989 43.5
地标B 121.473701 31.230416 4.2
观测点C 113.264385 23.129112 12.8

2.python代码

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time: 2025-02-25 20:25
# @Author: 番茄君
# @File：06-txt转换JSON数组.py
# @Software: PyCharmimport jsondef txt_to_json(input_file, output_file):"""将TXT文件转换为JSON格式:param input_file: 输入文件路径（如input.txt）:param output_file: 输出文件路径（如output.json）"""# 定义一个列表data_list = []# 读取文件并逐行处理with open(input_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:for line in f:# 去除首尾空白字符并按空格分割parts = line.strip().split(" ")# 验证数据格式（需包含至少4列）if len(parts) >= 4:attribute = parts[0]try:# 提取经度、纬度、高度并转换为浮点数longitude = float(parts[1])latitude = float(parts[2])height = float(parts[3])# 构建JSON对象data = {"属性名": attribute,"经度": longitude,"纬度": latitude,"高度": height}data_list.append(data)except ValueError:print(f"数据格式错误，跳过行：{line}")# 生成JSON文件with open(output_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as json_f:json.dump(data_list, json_f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)

3.输出结果

[{"属性名": "地点A","经度": 116.405285,"纬度": 39.904989,"高度": 43.5},{"属性名": "地标B","经度": 121.473701,"纬度": 31.230416,"高度": 4.2},{"属性名": "观测点C","经度": 113.264385,"纬度": 23.129112,"高度": 12.8}
]

二、TXT文件转换为JSON对象

1.txt文件

地点A 116.405285 39.904989 43.5
地标B 121.473701 31.230416 4.2
观测点C 113.264385 23.129112 12.8

2.python代码

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time: 2025-02-25 16:15
# @Author: 番茄君
# @File：05-txt转换为json对象.py
# @Software: PyCharmimport jsondef txt_to_json(input_file, output_file):"""将TXT文件转换为嵌套JSON格式:param input_file: 输入文件路径（如input.txt）:param output_file: 输出文件路径（如output.json）"""# 定义一个字典result = {}with open(input_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:for line_num, line in enumerate(f, 1):# 清理数据并分割列cleaned_line = line.strip()# print(line_num,line,cleaned_line)if not cleaned_line:continue  # 跳过空行columns = cleaned_line.split()# 验证数据格式if len(columns) != 4:print(f"第{line_num}行格式错误，需要4列数据，实际列数：{len(columns)}")continuekey = columns[0]try:# 提取并转换坐标数据coordinates = {"经度": float(columns[1]),"维度": float(columns[2]),"高度": float(columns[3])}except ValueError as e:print(f"第{line_num}行数值格式错误：{e}")continue# 检查重复键if key in result:print(f"警告：键名'{key}'重复（第{line_num}行）")result[key] = coordinates# 生成JSON文件with open(output_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as json_file:json.dump(result, json_file, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)# 使用示例
txt_to_json('input.txt', 'output.json')

3.输出结果

{"地点A": {"经度": 116.405285,"维度": 39.904989,"高度": 43.5},"地标B": {"经度": 121.473701,"维度": 31.230416,"高度": 4.2},"观测点C": {"经度": 113.264385,"维度": 23.129112,"高度": 12.8}
}

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