菜鸟教程之Android学习笔记Service

Service初步

一、StartService启动Service的调用顺序

MainActivity.java

package com.example.test2;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends Activity {private Button start;private Button stop;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);start = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnstart);stop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnstop);//创建启动Service的Intent,以及Intent属性Intent intent = new Intent();intent.setAction("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE1");intent.setPackage(getPackageName());//Intent intent = new Intent(this,TestService1.class);//为两个按钮设置点击事件,分别是启动与停止servicestart.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {startService(intent);}});stop.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {stopService(intent);}});}
}

TestService1.java

package com.example.test2;import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;import java.security.Provider;public class TestService1 extends Service {private final String TAG = "TestService1";public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {System.out.println("onBind方法被调用!");Log.i(TAG, "onBind方法被调用!");return null;}public void onCreate() {System.out.println("onCreate方法被调用!");Log.i(TAG, "onCreate方法被调用!");super.onCreate();}public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {System.out.println("onStartCommand方法被调用!");Log.i(TAG, "onStartCommand方法被调用!");return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);}public void onDestroy() {System.out.println("onDestory方法被调用!");Log.i(TAG, "onDestory方法被调用!");super.onDestroy();}
}

AndroidManifest.xml

        <service android:name=".TestService1"android:exported="true"><intent-filter><action android:name="com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE1"/></intent-filter></service>

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"tools:context=".MainActivity" ><Buttonandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_marginTop="200dp"android:id="@+id/btnstart"android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"android:text="开始服务" /><Buttonandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:id="@+id/btnstop"android:layout_marginTop="100dp"android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"android:text="停止服务" /></LinearLayout>

二. BindService启动Service的顺序

MainActivity.java

package com.example.test2;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends Activity {private Button btnbind;private Button btncancel;private Button btnstatus;//保持所启动的Service的IBinder对象,同时定义一个ServiceConnection对象TestService2.MyBinder binder;private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {//Activity与Service断开连接时回调该方法@Overridepublic void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {System.out.println("------Service DisConnected-------");}//Activity与Service连接成功时回调该方法@Overridepublic void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {System.out.println("------Service Connected-------");binder = (TestService2.MyBinder) service;}};@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);btnbind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnbind);btncancel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btncancel);btnstatus  = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnstatus);Intent intent = new Intent();intent.setAction("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE2");intent.setPackage(getPackageName());btnbind.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {//绑定servicebindService(intent, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);}});btncancel.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {//解除service绑定unbindService(conn);}});btnstatus.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Service的count的值为:"+ binder.getCount(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}});}
}

TestService2.java

package com.example.test2;import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;public class TestService2 extends Service {private final String TAG = "TestService2";private int count;private boolean quit;//定义onBinder方法所返回的对象private MyBinder binder = new MyBinder();public class MyBinder extends Binder {public int getCount() {return count;}}//必须实现的方法,绑定改Service时回调该方法@Overridepublic IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {Log.i(TAG, "onBind方法被调用!");return binder;}//Service被创建时回调@Overridepublic void onCreate() {super.onCreate();Log.i(TAG, "onCreate方法被调用!");//创建一个线程动态地修改count的值new Thread() {public void run() {while(!quit) {try {Thread.sleep(1000);} catch (InterruptedException e){e.printStackTrace();}count++;}};}.start();}//Service断开连接时回调@Overridepublic boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {Log.i(TAG, "onUnbind方法被调用!");return true;}//Service被关闭前回调@Overridepublic void onDestroy() {super.onDestroy();this.quit = true;Log.i(TAG, "onDestroyed方法被调用!");}@Overridepublic void onRebind(Intent intent) {Log.i(TAG, "onRebind方法被调用!");super.onRebind(intent);}
}

AndroidManifest.xml

        <service android:name=".TestService2"android:exported="true"><intent-filter><action android:name="com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE2"/></intent-filter></service>

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"tools:context=".MainActivity" ><Buttonandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_marginTop="150dp"android:id="@+id/btnbind"android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"android:text="锁定Service" /><Buttonandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:id="@+id/btncancel"android:layout_marginTop="50dp"android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"android:text="解除锁定" /><Buttonandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:id="@+id/btnstatus"android:layout_marginTop="50dp"android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"android:text="获取Service状态" /></LinearLayout>

Service进阶

MainActivity.java

package com.example.test2;import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends Activity {@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);Intent it1 = new Intent("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE3");it1.setPackage(getPackageName());Bundle b1 = new Bundle();b1.putString("param", "s1");it1.putExtras(b1);Intent it2 = new Intent("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE3");it2.setPackage(getPackageName());Bundle b2 = new Bundle();b2.putString("param", "s2");it2.putExtras(b2);Intent it3 = new Intent("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE3");it3.setPackage(getPackageName());Bundle b3 = new Bundle();b3.putString("param", "s3");it3.putExtras(b3);//接着启动多次IntentService,每次启动,都会新建一个工作线程//但始终只有一个IntentService实例startService(it1);startService(it2);startService(it3);}
}

TestService3.java

package com.example.test2;import android.app.IntentService;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;public class TestService3 extends IntentService {private final String TAG = "TestService3";//必须实现父类的构造方法public TestService3() {super("TestService3");}//必须重写的核心方法@Overrideprotected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {//Intent是从Activity发过来的，携带识别参数，根据参数不同执行不同的任务String action = intent.getExtras().getString("param");if(action.equals("s1"))Log.i(TAG,"启动service1");else if(action.equals("s2"))Log.i(TAG,"启动service2");else if(action.equals("s3"))Log.i(TAG,"启动service3");//让服务休眠2秒try{Thread.sleep(1000);}catch(InterruptedException e){e.printStackTrace();}}//重写其他方法,用于查看方法的调用顺序@Overridepublic IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {Log.i(TAG,"onBind");return super.onBind(intent);}@Overridepublic void onCreate() {Log.i(TAG,"onCreate");super.onCreate();}@Overridepublic int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {Log.i(TAG,"onStartCommand");return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);}@Overridepublic void setIntentRedelivery(boolean enabled) {super.setIntentRedelivery(enabled);Log.i(TAG,"setIntentRedelivery");}@Overridepublic void onDestroy() {Log.i(TAG,"onDestroy");super.onDestroy();}
}

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