WebTest搭建

0.前言

此框架为真实项目实战，所以有些数据不便展示，只展示架构和思想

工具：python+selenium+ddt+unittest

1.架构说明

2.代码封装 

Commom层

base_page.py

#__author__=19044168
#date=2021/8/26
import logging
import datetime
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
import time
from Common import dir_configfrom Common.logger import GetLogger
logger = GetLogger.get_logger()#1.封装基本函数，执行日志，异常处理,失败截图
#2.所有的页面公共行为，非业务层面的行为
class BasePage:def __init__(self,driver):self.driver = driver#等待元素可见def wait_eleVisible(self,locator,wait_times=30,poll_frequency=0.5,doc=""):""":param locator: 元素定位元组形式（定位类型，定位方式）:param times::param poll_frequency::param doc: 模块名_页面名_操作名:return: None"""logger.info("等待元素{0}可见".format(locator))try:#开始等待时间start = datetime.datetime.now().timestamp()#转化为sWebDriverWait(self.driver,wait_times,poll_frequency).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(locator))# 结束等待时间end = datetime.datetime.now().timestamp()#求一个时间差值写到日志中sub_time = end - startlogger.info("等待时长为:{}".format(sub_time))# self.save_screenshot(doc)except:logger.exception('等待元素可见失败！！！')#截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#待元素不可见def wait_eleNotVisible(self,locator,wait_times=30,poll_frequency=0.5,doc=""):""":param locator: 元素定位元组形式（定位类型，定位方式）:param times::param poll_frequency::param doc: 模块名_页面名_操作名:return: None"""logger.info("{0}等待元素{1}不可见".format(doc,locator))try:# 开始等待时间start = datetime.datetime.now()  # 转化为sWebDriverWait(self.driver,wait_times, poll_frequency).until(EC.invisibility_of_element_located(locator))# 结束等待时间end = datetime.datetime.now()# 求一个时间差值，写到日志中wait_time = (end - start).secondslogger.info("{0}:元素{1}已可见，等待起始时间：{2}，等待结束时间：{3}，等待时长为:{4}".format(doc,locator,start,end,wait_time))# self.save_screenshot(doc)except:logger.exception('等待元素不可见失败！！！')# 截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#等待元素存在def wait_elePresence(self,locator,wait_times=30,poll_frequency=0.5,doc=""):logger.info("等待元素{0}存在".format(locator))try:# 开始等待时间start = datetime.datetime.now().timestamp()  # 转化为sWebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_times, poll_frequency).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(locator))# 结束等待时间end = datetime.datetime.now().timestamp()# 求一个时间差值写到日志中sub_time = end - startlogger.info("等待时长为:{}".format(sub_time))# self.save_screenshot(doc)except:logger.exception('等待元素存在失败！！！')# 截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#查找元素def get_element(self,locator,doc=""):logger.info('{0}查找元素:{1}'.format(doc,locator))try:return self.driver.find_element(*locator)except:logger.exception("查找元素失败！！！")# 截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#点击操作def click_elemnet(self,locator,doc=""):#找元素ele = self.get_element(locator,doc)logger.info("{0}点击元素:{1}".format(doc,locator))#元素操作try:ele.click()except:logger.exception("点击元素失败！！！")# 截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#输入操作def input_text(self,locator,text,doc=""):# 找元素ele = self.get_element(locator,doc)logger.info("{0}输入元素{1}".format(doc,locator))try:ele.send_keys(text)except:logger.exception("输入元素失败！！！")# 截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#获取元素文本内容def get_text(self,locator,doc=""):ele = self.get_element(locator,doc)logger.info("{0}获取文本内容{1}".format(doc,locator))try:return ele.textexcept:logger.exception("获取文本内容失败！！！")# 截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#获取元素属性def get_element_attribute(self,locator,attr,doc=""):ele = self.get_element(locator, doc)logger.info("{0}获取元素{1}的{2}属性的值".format(doc,locator,attr))try:return ele.get_attribute(attr)except:logger.exception("获取元素属性失败！！！")# 截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise# 获取所有句柄def get_handles(self,doc):logger.info("获取所有页面句柄")try:return self.driver.window_handlesexcept:logger.exception("获取所有页面句柄失败！！！")# 截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise# 获取当前句柄def get_current_handle(self, doc):logger.info("获取当前{}页面句柄".format(doc))try:return self.driver.current_window_handleexcept:logger.exception("获取获取当前页面句柄失败！！！")# 截图操作self.save_screenshot(doc)raise# 窗口切换def switch_window(self,handle,doc):logger.info("从当前窗口{}切换到指定窗口".format(doc))try:self.driver.switch_to.window(handle)except:logger.exception("切换窗口失败")self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#获取当前urldef get_current_url(self,doc):logger.info("获取当前页面{}url".format(doc))try:return self.driver.current_urlexcept:logger.exception("获取当前页面url失败")self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#移动到元素def move_to_element(self,target,doc):logger.info("{0},移动元素到{1}".format(doc,target))try:ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(target).perform()except:logger.exception("移动元素失败")self.save_screenshot(doc)raise#alert处理def alert_action(self,action='accept'):pass#iframe切换def switch_iframe(self,iframe_reference):pass#上传操作def upload_file(self):pass#截图操作def save_screenshot(self,doc):#图片名称：模块名_页面名_操作名_年-月-日-时-分-秒.png# now = datetime.datetime.now()# format_time = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S")# filename =  'OutPuts/screenshots/' + "{0}_{1}.png".format(name,format_time)# self.driver.save_screenshot(filename)# logging.info('截取网页成功，文件路径为{}'.format(filename))filePath = dir_config.screenshot_dir  + '/'+ '{0}_{1}.png'.format(doc,time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S",time.localtime()))try:self.driver.save_screenshot(filePath)logger.info("截屏成功，截屏路径为{0}".format(filePath))except:logger.exception('截屏失败!!')raise#滚动条操作...if __name__ == '__main__':pass

dir_config.py

email_fundation.py

#__author__=19044168
#date=2021/8/13
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText#这是发正文
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart#这是发附件
import osclass Email:def __init__(self):self.send_user = '[e-mail]'self.receive_user = '[e-mail]'# global user_listself.user_list = ['[e-mail]','[e-mail]']self.server_host = 'smtp.suning.com'self.username = '[e-mail]'self.password = 'dfsdfsdfsd'def sendEmail(self,new_file):f = open(new_file,'rb')mail_body = f.read()f.close()msg = MIMEMultipart('mixed')html_file = MIMEText(mail_body,'html','utf-8')# msg = MIMEMultipart(mail_body,'html','utf-8')msg['Subject'] = "Hbase WebAutoTest Report"context = MIMEText('<html><h2>您好，这是Hbase服务化测试报告</h2></html>', 'html', 'utf-8')msg.attach(context)msg.attach(html_file)# 发动邮件server = smtplib.SMTP()server.connect(self.server_host)server.login(self.username, self.password)# server.sendmail(self.send_user, self.receive_user, msg.as_string())server.sendmail(self.send_user, self.user_list, msg.as_string())server.close()def new_report(self,reportpath):lists = os.listdir(reportpath)lists.sort(key=lambda fn:os.path.getmtime((reportpath + '/' + fn)))print(lists)new_file = os.path.join(reportpath,lists[-1])print(new_file)return  new_file
e = Email()if __name__ == '__main__':print(os.getcwd())e = Email()test_report = '../OutPuts/reports'new_report = e.new_report(test_report)e.sendEmail(new_report)

logger.py

#__author__=19044168
#date=2021/8/27
import logging.handlers
import time
from Common.dir_config import logs_dirclass GetLogger():logger = None@classmethoddef get_logger(cls):if cls.logger == None:# 日志器实例cls.logger = logging.getLogger()# 设置日志级别cls.logger .setLevel(level=logging.INFO)# 控制台处理器实例ch = logging.StreamHandler()# 以时间切分日志文件处理器filename = logs_dir + '/' + time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S') + '_WebUiTestLog.log'th = logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(filename=filename,encoding='utf-8')# 设置日志格式fmt = "%(asctime)s %(levelname)s [%(name)s] [filename: %(filename)s - module: %(module)s - func: %(funcName)s  %(lineno)d line] - %(message)s"fm = logging.Formatter(fmt)# 将日志格式添加到处理器ch.setFormatter(fm)th.setFormatter(fm)# 将处理器添加到日志器cls.logger .addHandler(ch)cls.logger .addHandler(th)return cls.loggerif __name__ == '__main__':print(time.strftime())

OutPuts层，不需要封装，代码定义好目录即可

PageLocators层，根据页面层次进行组织

loginpage_locators.py，登录页面

 其他页面自行封装

PageObjects层，根据页面层次进行组织

login_page.py，登录页面

#__author__=19044168
#date=2021/8/19
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from PagesObjects.index_page import IndexPage
from PageLocators.loginpage_locators import LoginPageLocator as loc #直接用，不要继承，不然对象可选方法变量太多
from time import sleepfrom Common.logger import GetLogger
logger = GetLogger.get_logger()from Common.base_page import BasePageclass LoginPage(BasePage):# #用户名输入框# username_loc = (By.XPATH,'//input[@id="userId"]')# #密码输入框# password_loc = (By.XPATH,'//input[@id="password"]')# #登录按钮# login_loc = (By.XPATH,'//a[@id="submit_btn"]')# #是否记住密码勾选框# remember_loc = (By.XPATH,'//input[@id="remember"]')# #登录入口链接# enter_loc = (By.XPATH,'//a[@class="btn-login"]')# #用户名格式错误验证文本# errorMsg_from_wrongUser = (By.XPATH,'//div[@class="layui-layer-content"]')# #账号密码错误提示文本# msg_loc = (By.XPATH,'//div[@id ="error"]')# def __init__(self,driver):#     self.driver = driver#登录入口def login_enter(self):doc = '登录地址入口页面_登录跳转功能'self.wait_eleVisible(loc.enter_loc,doc=doc)self.click_elemnet(loc.enter_loc,doc=doc)# enter_loc = '//a[@class="btn-login"]'# WebDriverWait(self.driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(loc.enter_loc))# self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(enter_loc).click()# self.driver.find_element(*self.enter_loc).click()#解包元组# self.driver.find_element(*loc.enter_loc).click()#解包元组#登录页面def login(self,username,password,is_remember=False):# 这些元素属性可以定义成类的属性，最好注释说明。但是有弊端，因为定位方式不止一种，修改定位就要修改元素操作方式# 不方便优化# username_loc = '//input[@id="userId"]'# password_loc = '//input[@id="password"]'# login_loc = '//a[@id="submit_btn"]'# remember_loc = '//input[@id="remember"]'# WebDriverWait(self.driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(loc.username_loc))doc = "登录页面_登录功能"self.wait_eleVisible(loc.username_loc,doc=doc)self.input_text(loc.username_loc,username,doc=doc)self.input_text(loc.password_loc,password,doc=doc)# self.driver.find_element(*loc.username_loc).send_keys(username)# self.driver.find_element(*loc.password_loc).send_keys(password)#is_remember来判断是否需要记住账号密码if is_remember:# self.driver.find_element(*loc.remember_loc).click()self.click_elemnet(loc.remember_loc,doc=doc)else:pass# self.driver.find_element(*loc.login_loc).click()self.click_elemnet(loc.login_loc,doc=doc)#获取账号格式错误信息def get_errorMsg_from_wrongUser(self):# ret = self.driver.find_element(*loc.errorMsg_from_wrongUser)doc = "登录页面_账号格式错误信息"ret = self.get_text(loc.errorMsg_from_wrongUser,doc=doc)return ret#获取账号或者密码错误def get_errorMsg_from_pageCenter(self):doc = "登录页面_账号格式错误信息"self.wait_eleVisible(loc.msg_loc,doc=doc)# WebDriverWait(self.driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(loc.msg_loc))ret = self.get_text(loc.msg_loc,doc=doc)return ret#帮助链接页面def help_link(self):current_handle = self.get_current_handle(doc="登录页面句柄")#其实也可以在base_page封装doc = "登录页面_帮助链接功能"self.wait_eleVisible(loc.help_link_loc,doc=doc)self.click_elemnet(loc.help_link_loc,doc=doc)handle = self.get_handles(doc="获取所有页面句柄")[-1]self.switch_window(handle,doc="帮助链接页面")#其实也可以在base_page封装help_url = self.get_current_url(doc='帮助链接页面')self.switch_window(current_handle,doc='登录页面')#其实也可以在base_page封装return help_url# 忘记密码链接页面def forget_pwd_link(self):current_handle = self.get_current_handle(doc="登录页面的句柄")#其实也可以在base_page封装doc = "登录页面_忘记密码链接功能"self.wait_eleVisible(loc.forget_pwd_link_loc,doc=doc)self.click_elemnet(loc.forget_pwd_link_loc,doc=doc)self.switch_window(self.get_handles(doc='获取所有页面句柄')[-1],doc='忘记密码链接页面')#其实也可以在base_page封装forget_pwd_url = self.get_current_url(doc='忘记密码链接url')#其实也可以在base_page封装self.switch_window(current_handle,doc='登录页面')#其实也可以在base_page封装return forget_pwd_urlif __name__ == '__main__':from selenium import webdriverfrom time import sleepfrom selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChainsdriver = webdriver.Chrome()driver.maximize_window()driver.get('http://datakingdom.cnsuning.com/')lg = LoginPage(driver)ip = IndexPage(driver)lg.login_enter()# print(lg.help_link())# print(lg.forget_pwd_link())# lg.login_redirect()lg.login('19044168','19044168')sleep(1)driver.find_element_by_link_text('控制台').click()sleep(1)driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[contains(text(),"平台基础服务")]').click()driver.find_element_by_css_selector('ul[role="menubar"] > li:nth-child(4) > ul > li:nth-child(1)').click()sleep(1)driver.find_element_by_xpath('//tr[2]//a').click()driver.find_element_by_xpath('//ul[@x-placement="bottom-end"]/li[contains(text(),"进入雨花prd环境")]').click()sleep(3)# print(lg.get_errorMsg_from_pageCenter())# target = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@class="user-info"]')# ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(target).perform()# a = driver.find_element_by_link_text('退出')# print(a.text)# ip.isExist_logout_ele()driver.quit()

TestCases层

#__author__=19044168
#date=2021/8/20
from selenium import webdriver
import time
from PagesObjects.login_page import LoginPage
from PagesObjects.index_page import IndexPage
import unittest
from TestDatas import Common_Datas as CD
from TestDatas import Login_Datas as LD
import ddtfrom Common.logger import GetLogger
logger = GetLogger.get_logger()@ddt.ddt
class TestLogin(unittest.TestCase):@classmethoddef setUpClass(cls):logger.info("======整个用例前置：打开浏览器，只执行一次=======")#通过excel获取本功能当中所需要的测试数据，但是比较麻烦。建议使用python文件保存测试数据cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome()cls.driver.maximize_window()cls.driver.get(CD.web_login_url)cls.lg = LoginPage(cls.driver)cls.lg.login_enter()#将该步骤提前到初始化步骤中，节省时间# cls.driver.save_screenshot()@classmethoddef tearDownClass(cls):logger.info("=======整个用例后置：关闭浏览器，只执行一次=======")cls.driver.quit()#每个案例执行后进行页面刷新def tearDown(self):logger.info("=======每个用例后置：刷新一次页面======")self.driver.refresh()time.sleep(0.5)def test05_login_success(self):# self.lg.login_enter()#将该步骤提前到初始化步骤中，节省时间logger.info("=======登录用例：正常场景->登陆成功======")self.lg.login(LD.success_data['user'],LD.success_data['passwd'])self.assertTrue(IndexPage(self.driver).isExist_logout_ele(),'退出元素未出现')#异常用例--账号格式不正确（大于8位，小于8位，等于8位且包含非数字）#ddt,步骤断言都一致，只有文本内容不一致@ddt.data(*LD.user_data)def test01_login_wrongUserFormat(self,data):# self.lg.login_enter()#将该步骤提前到初始化步骤中，节省时间logger.info("=======登录用例：异常场景->账号格式错误，登陆失败======")self.lg.login(data['user'], data['passwd'])self.assertEqual(self.lg.get_errorMsg_from_wrongUser(),data['check'], '账号格式错误提示信息不对')# 异常用例--用户名或者密码错误@ddt.data(*LD.user_pwd_data)def test02_login_wrongUserOrPwd(self,data):# self.lg.login_enter()#将该步骤提前到初始化步骤中，节省时间logger.info("=======登录用例：异常场景->用户名或者密码错误，登陆失败======")self.lg.login(data['user'],data['passwd'])self.assertEqual(self.lg.get_errorMsg_from_pageCenter(),data['check'],'非用户名或密码错误')#帮助链接验证用例def test03_help_link(self):logger.info("=======登录帮链接用例：正常场景->帮助链接有效======")self.assertIn(LD.help_url,self.lg.help_link(),'帮助链接地址不包含在内')# 忘记密码链接验证用例def test04_forget_pwd_link(self):logger.info("=======登录忘记密码帮链接用例：正常场景->忘记密码链接有效======")self.assertIn(LD.forget_pwd_url,self.lg.forget_pwd_link(),'忘记密码链接地址不包含在内')if __name__ == '__main__':unittest.main()

 TestDatas层

run.py

#__author__=19044168
#date=2021/8/27
import unittest
from HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner
from Common.dir_config import htmlreport_dir,testcases_dir
import time
from Common.send_mail_file import *
#实例化套件对象
suite= unittest.TestSuite()#TestLoader的用法
#1.实例化Testloader对象
#2.使用discover去找到一个目录下的所有用例
#3.使用suite
loader = unittest.TestLoader()
# suite.addTests(loader.discover(testcases_dir,pattern='log*'))
suite.addTests(loader.discover(testcases_dir,pattern='*test.py'))#运行
# runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()
# runner.run(suite)cur_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S",time.localtime())
fp = open(htmlreport_dir + '/' + cur_time + '-AutoTest_report.html','wb')
runner = HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,title='web测试报告',description="这是hbase的web测试报告",tester='小猪')
runner.run(suite)e.sendEmail(e.new_report(htmlreport_dir))

 运行run.py文件即可

收工！！！