Boost笔记 1：下载、编译、安装、测试

1. 下载

当前版本是1.82，下载链接：
https://boostorg.jfrog.io/artifactory/main/release/1.82.0/source/

2. 安装编译依赖库

本地环境是Ubuntu 22.04，需要安装以下依赖库，部分影响boost相关功能的开启，部分影响编译过程。
本地环境编译AOSP源码，安装过相关依赖库，除了这里列出的可能还需要其他依赖库，可根据提示安装。
sudo apt install icu-devtools libicu-dev libbz2-dev liblzma-dev libzstd-dev python3-dev python2-dev -y

2.1 解压

解压后源码文件夹：

boost_1_82_0$ ls
boost            boost.css      bootstrap.sh  index.html  libs             README.md  tools
boost-build.jam  boost.png      doc           INSTALL     LICENSE_1_0.txt  rst.css
boostcpp.jam     bootstrap.bat  index.htm     Jamroot     more             status

2.2 执行bootstrap.sh脚本，生成b2编译工具

1）执行bootstrap.sh后，源码目录下增加b2和project-config.jam两个文件。
2）b2工具是用来编译和安装boost库。
（1）查看帮助：b2 --help
（2）编译：b2
（3）clean：b2 --clean
（4）安装：b2 install
（5）重新配置编译脚本：b2 --reconfigure
如果编译失败或者过程中发现缺少一些依赖库及boost相关模块，安装依赖库后，需要执行这个命令重新检测依赖并生成编译脚本。

$ ./bootstrap.sh 
Building B2 engine..###
###
### Using 'gcc' toolset.
###
###g++ (Ubuntu 12.1.0-2ubuntu1~22.04) 12.1.0
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.###
###> g++ -x c++ -std=c++11 -O2 -s -DNDEBUG builtins.cpp class.cpp command.cpp compile.cpp constants.cpp cwd.cpp debug.cpp debugger.cpp execcmd.cpp execnt.cpp execunix.cpp filesys.cpp filent.cpp fileunix.cpp frames.cpp function.cpp glob.cpp hash.cpp hcache.cpp hdrmacro.cpp headers.cpp jam_strings.cpp jam.cpp jamgram.cpp lists.cpp make.cpp make1.cpp md5.cpp mem.cpp modules.cpp native.cpp object.cpp option.cpp output.cpp parse.cpp pathnt.cpp pathsys.cpp pathunix.cpp regexp.cpp rules.cpp scan.cpp search.cpp startup.cpp subst.cpp sysinfo.cpp timestamp.cpp variable.cpp w32_getreg.cpp modules/order.cpp modules/path.cpp modules/property-set.cpp modules/regex.cpp modules/sequence.cpp modules/set.cpp -o b2
> tools/build/src/engine/b2
Detecting Python version... 2.7
Detecting Python root... /usr
Unicode/ICU support for Boost.Regex?... /usr
Generating B2 configuration in project-config.jam for gcc...Bootstrapping is done. To build, run:./b2To generate header files, run:./b2 headersThe configuration generated uses gcc to build by default. If that is
unintended either use the --with-toolset option or adjust configuration, by
editing 'project-config.jam'.Further information:- Command line help:./b2 --help- Getting started guide: http://www.boost.org/more/getting_started/unix-variants.html- B2 documentation:http://www.boost.org/build/

2.3 编译和安装

1）执行b2命令编译源码，先检测编译依赖，然后根据依赖配置进行编译。
2）成功编译后，安装：b2 install。
默认安装路径为：/usr/local/include/boost 和 /usr/local/lib/

$ ./b2
Performing configuration checks- default address-model    : 64-bit [1]- default architecture     : x86 [1]Building the Boost C++ Libraries.- compiler supports SSE2   : yes [2]- compiler supports SSE4.1 : yes [2]- has std::atomic_ref      : no [2]- has -Wl,--no-undefined   : yes [2]- has statx                : yes [2]- has init_priority attribute : yes [2]- has stat::st_blksize     : yes [2]- has stat::st_mtim        : yes [2]- has stat::st_mtimensec   : no [2]- has stat::st_mtimespec   : no [2]- has stat::st_birthtim    : no [2]- has stat::st_birthtimensec : no [2]- has stat::st_birthtimespec : no [2]- has fdopendir(O_NOFOLLOW) : yes [2]- has POSIX *at APIs       : yes [2]- cxx11_auto_declarations  : yes [2]- cxx11_constexpr          : yes [2]- cxx11_defaulted_functions : yes [2]- cxx11_final              : yes [2]- cxx11_hdr_mutex          : yes [2]- cxx11_hdr_tuple          : yes [2]- cxx11_lambdas            : yes [2]- cxx11_noexcept           : yes [2]- cxx11_nullptr            : yes [2]- cxx11_rvalue_references  : yes [2]- cxx11_template_aliases   : yes [2]- cxx11_thread_local       : yes [2]...（检测编译依赖）Component configuration:- atomic                   : building- chrono                   : building- container                : building- context                  : building- contract                 : building- coroutine                : building- date_time                : building- exception                : building- fiber                    : building- filesystem               : building- graph                    : building- graph_parallel           : building- headers                  : building- iostreams                : building- json                     : building- locale                   : building- log                      : building- math                     : building- mpi                      : building- nowide                   : building- program_options          : building- python                   : building- random                   : building- regex                    : building- serialization            : building- stacktrace               : building- system                   : building- test                     : building- thread                   : building- timer                    : building- type_erasure             : building- url                      : building- wave                     : building...patience...
...patience...
...found 18844 targets...
...updating 1767 targets...... (编译源码)common.copy /home/dev/github/boost/temp/boost_1_82_0/stage/lib/libboost_wave.a
...updated 1767 targets...The Boost C++ Libraries were successfully built!The following directory should be added to compiler include paths:/home/dev/github/boost/temp/boost_1_82_0The following directory should be added to linker library paths:/home/dev/github/boost/temp/boost_1_82_0/stage/lib

2.4 测试程序

安装后，不用指定include和library path，编译时可自动搜索到。
以下测试程序可用clion或者命令行编译：

$ g++ -o main main.cpp

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>int main()
{std::string hello( "Hello, world!" );BOOST_FOREACH( char ch, hello ){std::cout << ch;}return 0;
}

2.5 CMake依赖

在cmake脚本中使用find_package显示引用boost：

find_package(Boost 1.82 REQUIRED COMPONENTS filesystem regex PATHS C:/Boost)
find_package(Boost 1.82 REQUIRED COMPONENTS ALL)
find_package(Boost 1.82 REQUIRED ALL)