MySQL练习

将安装包下载并上传

方法一

步骤

创建组与用户

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

解压安装包

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf  mysql-8.0.36-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local/

软连接

[root@localhost ~]# ln -sv mysql-8.0.36-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
'/usr/local/mysql' -> 'mysql-8.0.36-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64'

初始化

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2025-02-04T08:37:33.610736Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.36) initializing of server in progress as process 2086
2025-02-04T08:37:33.625049Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2025-02-04T08:37:34.296122Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2025-02-04T08:37:35.362477Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wYiSf83tCu*2

配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/log/mysql[root@openEuler-1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnfbasedir=/usr/local/mysql/
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

增加权限

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/*

添加系统服务

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
bin  data  docs  include  lib  LICENSE  man  README  share  support-files
[root@localhost mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# ls
mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@localhost support-files]# vim mysql.server
[root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# ll /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/
total 0
[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# ll /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Feb  4 16:57 S64mysqld -> ../init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig --list mysqldNote: This output shows SysV services only and does not include nativesystemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by nativesystemd configuration.If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.To see services enabled on particular target use'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

启动服务

[root@localhost support-files]# systemctl start mysqld

登录MySQL

[root@localhost support-files]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.36Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>

修改密码

mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

配置环境变量

[root@localhost support-files] vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.shexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin[root@localhost support-files] source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.36 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>

删除系统服务

[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig mysqld off
[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig --list mysqldNote: This output shows SysV services only and does not include nativesystemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by nativesystemd configuration.If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.To see services enabled on particular target use'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off

删除文件

[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig --del mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# ll /etc/init.d/
total 36
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18229 Aug 24  2022 functions
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 10576 Feb  4 16:55 mysqld
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1161 Jun 22  2024 README
[root@localhost support-files]# rm -f /etc/init.d/mysqld

方法二

配置文件

[root@localhost support-files]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.serviceDescription=MySQL 8.0 database server
After=syslog.target
After=network.target[Service]
Type=notify
User=mysql
Group=mysqlExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot shutdownTimeoutSec=300
PrivateTmp=trueRestart=on-failureRestartPreventExitStatus=1
LimitNOFILE = 10000[Install]
WantedBy=muli-user.target

加载设置

[root@localhost support-files]# systemctl daemon-reload