Hive创建外部表详细步骤

① 在hive中执行HDFS命令：创建/data目录

hive命令终端输入：
hive> dfs -mkdir -p /data;
或者在linux命令终端输入：
hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /data;

② 在hive中执行HDFS命令：上传/emp.txt至HDFS的data目录下，并命名为emp_out

Hive命令终端输入：
hive> dfs -put /emp.txt /DATA/emp_out;
或者Linux命令终端输入：
hdfs dfs -put /emp.txt /DATA/emp_out;

③ 创建外部表：emp_out

create external table emp_out(
empno int,
ename string,
job string,
mgr int,
hiredate string,
sal double,
comm double,
deptno int)
row format delimited fields terminated by ','
location '/data';

④ 验证：

select * from emp_out;

查询结果如下：

 

注意： emp.txt文件内容为：

7369,SMITH,CLERK,7902,1980-12-17,800.00,,20
7499,ALLEN,SALESMAN,7698,1981-2-20,1600.00,300.00,30
7521,WARD,SALESMAN,7698,1981-2-22,1250.00,500.00,30
7566,JONES,MANAGER,7839,1981-4-2,2975.00,,20
7654,MARTIN,SALESMAN,7698,1981-9-28,1250.00,1400.00,30
7698,BLAKE,MANAGER,7839,1981-5-1,2850.00,,30
7782,CLARK,MANAGER,7839,1981-6-9,2450.00,,10
7839,KING,PRESIDENT,,1981-11-17,5000.00,,10
7844,TURNER,SALESMAN,7698,1981-9-8,1500.00,0.00,30
7900,JAMES,CLERK,7698,1981-12-3,950.00,,30
7902,FORD,ANALYST,7566,1981-12-3,3000.00,,20
7934,MILLER,CLERK,7782,1982-1-23,1300.00,,10