学习 Python 之 Pygame 开发魂斗罗（三）

继续编写魂斗罗

在上次的博客学习 Python 之 Pygame 开发魂斗罗（二）中，我们完成了角色的创建和更新，现在具体实现一下更新函数中的角色状态函数

1. 角色站立

在写角色站立函数时，先把其他状态函数注释了，方便测试

在角色站立函数中，首先设置当前角色的状态

站立时，其他状态都是False，只有isStanding = True

# 设置角色状态
self.isStanding = True
self.isWalking = False
self.isJumping = False
self.isSquating = False
self.isUp = False
self.isDown = False
self.isFiring = False

其次，修改人物的速度，站立时速度均为0

# 设置速度
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 0

再次，我们设置按键响应事件

# 按下A键
if keys[pygame.K_a]:# A按下，角色方向向左self.direction = Direction.LEFT# 改变角色的状态，角色进入移动状态self.state = State.WALK# 设置站立状态为False，移动状态为Trueself.isStanding = Falseself.isWalking = True# 向左移动，速度为负数，这样玩家的x坐标是减小的self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下D键
elif keys[pygame.K_d]:# D按下，角色方向向右self.direction = Direction.RIGHT# 改变角色的状态，角色进入移动状态self.state = State.WALK# 设置站立状态为False，移动状态为Trueself.isStanding = Falseself.isWalking = True# 向右移动，速度为正数self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下k键
elif keys[pygame.K_k]:# K按下，角色进入跳跃状态，但是不会改变方向self.state = State.JUMP# 设置站立状态为False，跳跃状态为True# 不改变移动状态，因为移动的时候也可以跳跃self.isStanding = Falseself.isJumping = True# 设置速度，速度为负数，因为角色跳起后，要下落self.ySpeed = self.jumpSpeed
# 没有按下按键
else:# 没有按下按键，角色依然是站立状态self.state = State.STANDself.isStanding = True# 按下w键
if keys[pygame.K_w]:# W按下，角色向上，改变方向状态self.isUp = Trueself.isStanding = Trueself.isDown = Falseself.isSquating = False
# 按下s键
elif keys[pygame.K_s]:# S按下，角色蹲下，改变方向状态，并且蹲下状态设置为Trueself.isUp = Falseself.isStanding = Falseself.isDown = Trueself.isSquating = True

完整的角色类

import pygame
from Constants import *class PlayerOne(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, currentTime):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)# 加载角色图片self.standRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/stand.png')self.standLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/stand.png')self.upRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/upRight(small).png')self.upLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/upLeft(small).png')self.downRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Down/down.png')self.downLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Down/down.png', True)self.obliqueUpRightImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp3.png'),]self.obliqueUpLeftImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp1.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp2.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp3.png', True),]self.obliqueDownRightImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/3.png'),]self.obliqueDownLeftImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/1.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/2.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/3.png', True),]# 角色向右的全部图片self.rightImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run3.png')]# 角色向左的全部图片self.leftImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run3.png')]# 角色跳跃的全部图片self.upRightImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump3.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump4.png'),]self.upLeftImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump1.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump2.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump3.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump4.png', True),]self.rightFireImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire3.png'),]self.leftFireImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire1.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire2.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire3.png', True),]# 角色左右移动下标self.imageIndex = 0# 角色跳跃下标self.upImageIndex = 0# 角色斜射下标self.obliqueImageIndex = 0# 上一次显示图片的时间self.runLastTimer = currentTimeself.fireLastTimer = currentTime# 选择当前要显示的图片self.image = self.standRightImage# 获取图片的rectself.rect = self.image.get_rect()# 设置角色的状态self.state = State.STAND# 角色的方向self.direction = Direction.RIGHT# 速度self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEEDself.ySpeed = 0self.jumpSpeed = -11# 人物当前的状态标志self.isStanding = Falseself.isWalking = Falseself.isJumping = Trueself.isSquating = Falseself.isFiring = False# 重力加速度self.gravity = 0.7self.isUp = Falseself.isDown = Falsedef update(self, keys, currentTime):# 更新站或者走的状态# 根据状态响应按键if self.state == State.STAND:self.standing(keys, currentTime)# elif self.state == State.WALK:#   self.walking(keys, currentTime)# elif self.state == State.JUMP:#     self.jumping(keys, currentTime)# elif self.state == State.FALL:#     self.falling(keys, currentTime)# 更新位置# 记录前一次的位置坐标pre = self.rect.xself.rect.x += self.xSpeedself.rect.y += self.ySpeed# 如果x位置小于0了，就不能移动，防止人物跑到屏幕左边if self.rect.x <= 0:self.rect.x = pre# 更新动画# 跳跃状态if self.isJumping:# 根据方向if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:# 方向向右，角色加载向右跳起的图片self.image = self.upRightImages[self.upImageIndex]else:# 否则，方向向左，角色加载向左跳起的图片self.image = self.upLeftImages[self.upImageIndex]# 角色蹲下if self.isSquating:if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:# 加载向右蹲下的图片self.image = self.downRightImageelse:# 加载向左蹲下的图片self.image = self.downLeftImage# 角色站着if self.isStanding:if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:if self.isUp:# 加载向右朝上的图片self.image = self.upRightImageelif self.isDown:# 加载向右蹲下的图片self.image = self.downRightImageelse:# 加载向右站着的图片self.image = self.standRightImageelse:# 向左也是同样的效果if self.isUp:self.image = self.upLeftImageelif self.isDown:self.image = self.downLeftImageelse:self.image = self.standLeftImage# 角色移动if self.isWalking:if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:if self.isUp:# 加载斜右上的图片self.image = self.obliqueUpRightImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]elif self.isDown:# 加载斜右下的图片self.image = self.obliqueDownRightImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]else:# 加载向右移动的图片，根据开火状态是否加载向右开火移动的图片if self.isFiring:self.image = self.rightFireImages[self.imageIndex]else:self.image = self.rightImages[self.imageIndex]else:if self.isUp:self.image = self.obliqueUpLeftImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]elif self.isDown:self.image = self.obliqueDownLeftImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]else:if self.isFiring:self.image = self.leftFireImages[self.imageIndex]else:self.image = self.leftImages[self.imageIndex]def standing(self, keys, currentTime):"""角色站立"""# 设置角色状态self.isStanding = Trueself.isWalking = Falseself.isJumping = Falseself.isSquating = Falseself.isUp = Falseself.isDown = Falseself.isFiring = False# 设置速度self.ySpeed = 0self.xSpeed = 0# 按下A键if keys[pygame.K_a]:# A按下，角色方向向左self.direction = Direction.LEFT# 改变角色的状态，角色进入移动状态self.state = State.WALK# 设置站立状态为False，移动状态为Trueself.isStanding = Falseself.isWalking = True# 向左移动，速度为负数，这样玩家的x坐标是减小的self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED# 按下D键elif keys[pygame.K_d]:# D按下，角色方向向右self.direction = Direction.RIGHT# 改变角色的状态，角色进入移动状态self.state = State.WALK# 设置站立状态为False，移动状态为Trueself.isStanding = Falseself.isWalking = True# 向右移动，速度为正数self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED# 按下k键elif keys[pygame.K_k]:# K按下，角色进入跳跃状态，但是不会改变方向self.state = State.JUMP# 设置站立状态为False，跳跃状态为True# 不改变移动状态，因为移动的时候也可以跳跃self.isStanding = Falseself.isJumping = True# 设置速度，速度为负数，因为角色跳起后，要下落self.ySpeed = self.jumpSpeed# 没有按下按键else:# 没有按下按键，角色依然是站立状态self.state = State.STANDself.isStanding = True# 按下w键if keys[pygame.K_w]:# W按下，角色向上，改变方向状态self.isUp = Trueself.isStanding = Trueself.isDown = Falseself.isSquating = False# 按下s键elif keys[pygame.K_s]:# S按下，角色蹲下，改变方向状态，并且蹲下状态设置为Trueself.isUp = Falseself.isStanding = Falseself.isDown = Trueself.isSquating = True

完成角色站立后，我们试一下效果怎么样

在主类中创建角色，并放入pygame.sprite.Group中

class MainGame:player1 = NoneallSprites = None

在__init__()函数中添加代码

# 初始化角色
MainGame.player1 = PlayerOne(pygame.time.get_ticks())
# 设置角色的初始位置
# 这里设置为（0，80），可以实现一开始玩家掉下来的动画，目前没有实现掉落，所以直接设置为（80，300）
# MainGame.player1.rect.x = 80
# MainGame.player1.rect.bottom = 0
MainGame.player1.rect.x = 80
MainGame.player1.rect.bottom = 300# 把角色放入组中，方便统一管理
MainGame.allSprites = pygame.sprite.Group(MainGame.player1)

之后在循环中调用角色的update函数

为了方便，我把物体的更新全部放在一起，创建一个update()函数

在主类中添加函数

def update(self, window):# 更新物体currentTime = pygame.time.get_ticks()MainGame.allSprites.update(self.keys, currentTime)# 显示物体MainGame.allSprites.draw(window)

pygame.sprite.Group()中的物体，可以统一更新，这就是它的方便之处

因为魂斗罗中玩家移动的时候，场景中的物体也是要移动的，所以地图是一个长条状，当玩家向右移动时，实际上是地图向左移动，玩家不动，创建中的物体向左移动，如果不把全部物体放到组中，不好统一管理

完整的主类代码

import sys
import pygame
from Constants import *
from PlayerOne import PlayerOneclass MainGame:player1 = NoneallSprites = Nonewindow = Nonedef __init__(self):# 初始化展示模块pygame.display.init()SCREEN_SIZE = (SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)# 初始化窗口MainGame.window = pygame.display.set_mode(SCREEN_SIZE)# 设置窗口标题pygame.display.set_caption('魂斗罗角色')# 是否结束游戏self.isEnd = False# 获取按键self.keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()# 帧率self.fps = 60self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()# 初始化角色MainGame.player1 = PlayerOne(pygame.time.get_ticks())# 设置角色的初始位置# 这里设置为（0，80），可以实现一开始玩家掉下来的动画MainGame.player1.rect.x = 80MainGame.player1.rect.bottom = 300# 把角色放入组中，方便统一管理MainGame.allSprites = pygame.sprite.Group(MainGame.player1)def run(self):while not self.isEnd:# 设置背景颜色pygame.display.get_surface().fill((0, 0, 0))# 游戏场景和景物更新函数self.update(MainGame.window)# 获取窗口中的事件self.getPlayingModeEvent()# 更新窗口pygame.display.update()# 设置帧率self.clock.tick(self.fps)fps = self.clock.get_fps()caption = '魂斗罗 - {:.2f}'.format(fps)pygame.display.set_caption(caption)else:sys.exit()def getPlayingModeEvent(self):# 获取事件列表for event in pygame.event.get():# 点击窗口关闭按钮if event.type == pygame.QUIT:self.isEnd = True# 键盘按键按下elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:self.keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()# 键盘按键抬起elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:self.keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()def update(self, window):# 更新物体currentTime = pygame.time.get_ticks()MainGame.allSprites.update(self.keys, currentTime)# 显示物体MainGame.allSprites.draw(window)if __name__ == '__main__':MainGame().run()

我们现在运行一下，看看效果

我们发现角色处于跳跃的样子，并且向前移动，这不符合我们的预期，预期应该是站在那里

原因在于角色一开始创建时的状态不对

当前没有实现falling()函数，所以下落状态没有办法显示，所以我们修改一下，修改角色类中__init__()函数

# 设置角色的状态
self.state = State.FALL 改为 self.state = State.STAND

改完后运行一下，看看结果

按a和d键玩家会一直移动，不会停下来

到此，我们就写好了玩家站立函数了，下面我们来写玩家移动函数

完整的玩家类__init__()函数代码

def __init__(self, currentTime):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)# 加载角色图片self.standRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/stand.png')self.standLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/stand.png')self.upRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/upRight(small).png')self.upLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/upLeft(small).png')self.downRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Down/down.png')self.downLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Down/down.png', True)self.obliqueUpRightImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp3.png'),]self.obliqueUpLeftImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp1.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp2.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp3.png', True),]self.obliqueDownRightImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/3.png'),]self.obliqueDownLeftImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/1.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/2.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/3.png', True),]# 角色向右的全部图片self.rightImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run3.png')]# 角色向左的全部图片self.leftImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run3.png')]# 角色跳跃的全部图片self.upRightImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump3.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump4.png'),]self.upLeftImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump1.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump2.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump3.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump4.png', True),]self.rightFireImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire1.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire2.png'),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire3.png'),]self.leftFireImages = [loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire1.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire2.png', True),loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire3.png', True),]# 角色左右移动下标self.imageIndex = 0# 角色跳跃下标self.upImageIndex = 0# 角色斜射下标self.obliqueImageIndex = 0# 上一次显示图片的时间self.runLastTimer = currentTimeself.fireLastTimer = currentTime# 选择当前要显示的图片self.image = self.standRightImage# 获取图片的rectself.rect = self.image.get_rect()# 设置角色的状态self.state = State.STAND# 角色的方向self.direction = Direction.RIGHT# 速度self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEEDself.ySpeed = 0self.jumpSpeed = -11# 人物当前的状态标志self.isStanding = Falseself.isWalking = Falseself.isJumping = Trueself.isSquating = Falseself.isFiring = False# 重力加速度self.gravity = 0.7self.isUp = Falseself.isDown = False

2. 角色移动

打开注释，开始编写角色移动函数

同样的，先设置角色的状态，因为是角色移动，所以只有isWalking为真，其他都是假

self.isStanding = False
self.isWalking = True
self.isJumping = False
self.isSquating = False
self.isFiring = False

设置速度

self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED

判断当前状态，根据当前状态准备下一状态的图片

# 如果当前是站立的图片
if self.isStanding:# 方向向右，方向向上if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and self.isUp:# 设置为向右朝上的图片self.image = self.upRightImage# 方向向右elif self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and not self.isUp:# 设置为向右站立的图片self.image = self.standRightImageelif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and self.isUp:self.image = self.upLeftImageelif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and not self.isUp:self.image = self.standLeftImage# 记下当前时间self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:# 如果是走动的图片，先判断方向if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:# 设置速度self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED# 根据上下方向觉得是否角色要加载斜射的图片if self.isUp or self.isDown:# isUp == True表示向上斜射# isDown == True表示向下斜射# 计算上一次加载图片到这次的时间，如果大于115，即11.5帧，即上次加载图片到这次加载图片之间，已经加载了11张图片if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:# 那么就可以加载斜着奔跑的图片# 如果角色加载的图片不是第三张，则加载下一张就行if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:self.obliqueImageIndex += 1# 否则就加载第一张图片else:self.obliqueImageIndex = 0# 记录变换图片的时间，为下次变换图片做准备self.runLastTimer = currentTime# 不是斜射else:# 加载正常向右奔跑的图片if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:if self.imageIndex < 2:self.imageIndex += 1else:self.imageIndex = 0self.runLastTimer = currentTimeelse:self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEEDif self.isUp or self.isDown:if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:self.obliqueImageIndex += 1else:self.obliqueImageIndex = 0self.runLastTimer = currentTimeelse:if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:if self.imageIndex < 2:self.imageIndex += 1else:self.imageIndex = 0self.runLastTimer = currentTime

完成图片加载后，处理按键响应

# 按下D键
if keys[pygame.K_d]:self.direction = Direction.RIGHTself.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下A键
elif keys[pygame.K_a]:self.direction = Direction.LEFTself.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED# 按下S键
elif keys[pygame.K_s]:self.isStanding = Falseself.isDown = True# 按下W键
if keys[pygame.K_w]:self.isUp = Trueself.isDown = False
# 没有按键按下
else:self.state = State.STAND# 移动时按下K键
if keys[pygame.K_k]:# 角色状态变为跳跃self.state = State.JUMPself.ySpeed = self.jumpSpeedself.isJumping = Trueself.isStanding = False

完整的walking()函数代码

    def walking(self, keys, currentTime):"""角色行走，每10帧变换一次图片"""self.isStanding = Falseself.isWalking = Trueself.isJumping = Falseself.isSquating = Falseself.isFiring = Falseself.ySpeed = 0self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED# 如果当前是站立的图片if self.isStanding:# 方向向右，方向向上if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and self.isUp:# 设置为向右朝上的图片self.image = self.upRightImage# 方向向右elif self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and not self.isUp:# 设置为向右站立的图片self.image = self.standRightImageelif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and self.isUp:self.image = self.upLeftImageelif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and not self.isUp:self.image = self.standLeftImage# 记下当前时间self.runLastTimer = currentTimeelse:# 如果是走动的图片，先判断方向if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:# 设置速度self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED# 根据上下方向觉得是否角色要加载斜射的图片if self.isUp or self.isDown:# isUp == True表示向上斜射# isDown == True表示向下斜射# 计算上一次加载图片到这次的时间，如果大于115，即11.5帧，即上次加载图片到这次加载图片之间，已经加载了11张图片if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:# 那么就可以加载斜着奔跑的图片# 如果角色加载的图片不是第三张，则加载下一张就行if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:self.obliqueImageIndex += 1# 否则就加载第一张图片else:self.obliqueImageIndex = 0# 记录变换图片的时间，为下次变换图片做准备self.runLastTimer = currentTime# 不是斜射else:# 加载正常向右奔跑的图片if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:if self.imageIndex < 2:self.imageIndex += 1else:self.imageIndex = 0self.runLastTimer = currentTimeelse:self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEEDif self.isUp or self.isDown:if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:self.obliqueImageIndex += 1else:self.obliqueImageIndex = 0self.runLastTimer = currentTimeelse:if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:if self.imageIndex < 2:self.imageIndex += 1else:self.imageIndex = 0self.runLastTimer = currentTime# 按下D键if keys[pygame.K_d]:self.direction = Direction.RIGHTself.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED# 按下A键elif keys[pygame.K_a]:self.direction = Direction.LEFTself.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED# 按下S键elif keys[pygame.K_s]:self.isStanding = Falseself.isDown = True# 按下W键if keys[pygame.K_w]:self.isUp = Trueself.isDown = False# 没有按键按下else:self.state = State.STAND# 移动时按下K键if keys[pygame.K_k]:# 角色状态变为跳跃self.state = State.JUMPself.ySpeed = self.jumpSpeedself.isJumping = Trueself.isStanding = False

运行一下，看看效果

哇，实现了，我们就完成了角色移动了

3. 角色跳跃

首先设置状态标志

# 设置标志
self.isJumping = True
self.isStanding = False
self.isDown = False
self.isSquating = False
self.isFiring = False

更新速度

self.ySpeed += self.gravity

跳跃后，角色的y坐标是减少的，所以速度原来是负数，由于跳起到最高点速度一直减小，所以这里我们设置了重力，保证速度慢慢减少到0

根据时间决定是否显示下一张图片

if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:if self.upImageIndex < 3:self.upImageIndex += 1else:self.upImageIndex = 0# 记录变换图片的时间，为下次变换图片做准备self.runLastTimer = currentTime

设置按键响应事件

if keys[pygame.K_d]:self.direction = Direction.RIGHTelif keys[pygame.K_a]:self.direction = Direction.LEFT# 按下W键
if keys[pygame.K_w]:self.isUp = Trueself.isDown = False
elif keys[pygame.K_s]:self.isUp = Falseself.isDown = True# 当速度变为正数，玩家进入下落状态
if self.ySpeed >= 0:self.state = State.FALLif not keys[pygame.K_k]:self.state = State.FALL

完整jumping()函数代码

def jumping(self, keys, currentTime):"""跳跃"""# 设置标志self.isJumping = Trueself.isStanding = Falseself.isDown = Falseself.isSquating = Falseself.isFiring = False# 更新速度self.ySpeed += self.gravityif currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:if self.upImageIndex < 3:self.upImageIndex += 1else:self.upImageIndex = 0# 记录变换图片的时间，为下次变换图片做准备self.runLastTimer = currentTimeif keys[pygame.K_d]:self.direction = Direction.RIGHTelif keys[pygame.K_a]:self.direction = Direction.LEFT# 按下W键if keys[pygame.K_w]:self.isUp = Trueself.isDown = Falseelif keys[pygame.K_s]:self.isUp = Falseself.isDown = Trueif self.ySpeed >= 0:self.state = State.FALLif not keys[pygame.K_k]:self.state = State.FALL

4. 角色下落

def falling(self, keys, currentTime):# 下落时速度越来越快，所以速度需要一直增加self.ySpeed += self.gravityif currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:if self.upImageIndex < 3:self.upImageIndex += 1else:self.upImageIndex = 0self.runLastTimer = currentTime# 防止落到窗口外面，当落到一定高度时，就不会再掉落了if self.rect.bottom > SCREEN_HEIGHT - GROUND_HEIGHT:self.state = State.WALKself.ySpeed = 0self.rect.bottom = SCREEN_HEIGHT - GROUND_HEIGHTself.isJumping = Falseif keys[pygame.K_d]:self.direction = Direction.RIGHTself.isWalking = Falseelif keys[pygame.K_a]:self.direction = Direction.LEFTself.isWalking = False

我们现在来看看效果，运行一下

不要忘记打开注释

到现在，我们实现了角色移动、跳跃啦，下面就是发射子弹了