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news 2026/2/3 14:04:12

论文1： ChatGPT's One-year Anniversary: Are Open-Source Large Language Models Catching up?

简介

2022年11月，OpenAI发布了ChatGPT，这一事件在AI社区甚至全世界引起了轰动。首次，一个基于应用的AI聊天机器人能够提供有帮助、安全和有用的答案，遵循人类指令，甚至承认并纠正之前的错误。作为第一个这样的应用，ChatGPT在其推出仅两个月内，用户数量就达到了1亿，远远快于其他流行应用如TikTok或YouTube。因此，它也吸引了巨额的商业投资，因为它有望降低劳动成本，自动化工作流程，甚至为客户带来新的体验。

但ChatGPT的闭源特性可能引发诸多问题。首先，由于不了解内部细节，比如预训练和微调过程，很难正确评估其潜在风险，尤其是考虑到大模型可能生成有害、不道德和虚假的内容。其次，有报道称ChatGPT的性能随时间变化，妨碍了可重复的结果。第三，ChatGPT经历了多次故障，仅在2023年11月就发生了两次重大故障，期间无法访问ChatGPT网站及其API。最后，采用ChatGPT的企业可能会关注API调用的高成本、服务中断、数据所有权和隐私问题，以及其他不可预测的事件，比如最近有关CEO Sam Altman被解雇并最终回归的董事会闹剧。

此时，开源大模型应运而生，社区一直在积极推动将高性能的大模型保持开源。然而，截至2023年末，大家还普遍认为类似Llama-2或Falcon这样的开源大模型在性能上落后于它们的闭源模型，如OpenAI的GPT3.5（ChatGPT）和GPT-4，Anthropic的Claude2或Google的Bard3，其中GPT-4通常被认为是最出色的。然而，令人鼓舞的是差距正在变得越来越小，开源大模型正在迅速赶上。

地址：[2311.16989] ChatGPT's One-year Anniversary: Are Open-Source Large Language Models Catching up? (arxiv.org)

更有趣的 AI Agent

Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behavior https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.03442
RoleLLM: Benchmarking, Eliciting, and Enhancing Role-Playing Abilities of Large Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.00746
Role play with large language models https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06647-8
Exploring Large Language Models for Communication Games: An Empirical Study on Werewolf https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.04658
MemGPT: Towards LLMs as Operating Systems https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.08560
Augmenting Language Models with Long-Term Memory https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.07174
Do LLMs Possess a Personality? Making the MBTI Test an Amazing Evaluation for Large Language Models https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.16180.pdf

更有用的 AI Agent

The Rise and Potential of Large Language Model Based Agents: A Survey https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.07864
MetaGPT: Meta Programming for A Multi-Agent Collaborative Framework https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.00352
Communicative Agents for Software Development https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.07924.pdf
Large Language Models Can Self-Improve https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.11610
Evaluating Human-Language Model Interaction https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.09746
Large Language Models can Learn Rules https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.07064
AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agents https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03688
WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agents https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.13854
TableGPT: Towards Unifying Tables, Nature Language and Commands into One GPT https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.08674

任务规划与分解

Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.11903
Tree of Thoughts: Deliberate Problem Solving with Large Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.10601
Implicit Chain of Thought Reasoning via Knowledge Distillation https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.01460
ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03629
ART: Automatic multi-step reasoning and tool-use for large language models https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.09014
Branch-Solve-Merge Improves Large Language Model Evaluation and Generation https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.15123
WizardLM: Empowering Large Language Models to Follow Complex Instructionshttps://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.12244.pdf

幻觉

Siren’s Song in the AI Ocean: A Survey on Hallucination in Large Language Modelshttps://arxiv.org/pdf/2309.01219.pdf
Check Your Facts and Try Again: Improving Large Language Models with External Knowledge and Automated Feedback https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.12813
SelfCheckGPT: Zero-Resource Black-Box Hallucination Detection for Generative Large Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.08896
WebBrain: Learning to Generate Factually Correct Articles for Queries by Grounding on Large Web Corpus https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.04358

多模态

Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision (CLIP) https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00020
An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale (ViT): https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11929
MiniGPT-v2: large language model as a unified interface for vision-language multi-task learninghttps://arxiv.org/abs/2310.09478
MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.10592
NExT-GPT: Any-to-Any Multimodal LLM https://arxiv.org/pdf/2309.05519.pdf
Visual Instruction Tuning (LLaVA) https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.08485.pdf
Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuning (LLaVA-1.5) https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.03744
Sequential Modeling Enables Scalable Learning for Large Vision Models (LVM) https://arxiv.org/pdf/2312.00785.pdf
CoDi-2: In-Context, Interleaved, and Interactive Any-to-Any Generation https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.18775.pdf
Neural Discrete Representation Learning (VQ-VAE) https://browse.arxiv.org/pdf/1711.00937.pdf
Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesis (VQ-GAN) https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.09841
Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.14030
BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Models https://browse.arxiv.org/pdf/2301.12597.pdf
InstructBLIP: Towards General-purpose Vision-Language Models with Instruction Tuning https://browse.arxiv.org/pdf/2305.06500.pdf
ImageBind: One Embedding Space To Bind Them All https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.05665
Meta-Transformer: A Unified Framework for Multimodal Learning https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.10802

图片/视频生成

High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.10752.pdf
Structure and Content-Guided Video Synthesis with Diffusion Models (RunwayML Gen1) https://browse.arxiv.org/pdf/2302.03011.pdf
Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents (DaLLE-2) https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.06125.pdf
AnimateDiff: Animate Your Personalized Text-to-Image Diffusion Models without Specific Tuning https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.04725
Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Models (ControlNet) https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.05543
SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesishttps://arxiv.org/abs/2307.01952
Zero-1-to-3: Zero-shot One Image to 3D Object https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.11328
Scaling Vision Transformers to 22 Billion Parameters https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.05442
Glow: Generative Flow with Invertible 1×1 Convolutions https://browse.arxiv.org/pdf/1807.03039.pdf
Language Model Beats Diffusion – Tokenizer is Key to Visual Generation https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.05737.pdf
InstaFlow: One Step is Enough for High-Quality Diffusion-Based Text-to-Image Generationhttps://arxiv.org/pdf/2309.06380.pdf
Perceptual Losses for Real-Time Style Transfer and Super-Resolution https://arxiv.org/pdf/1603.08155.pdf
CogView: Mastering Text-to-Image Generation via Transformers https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.13290
Diffusion Models for Video Prediction and Infilling https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.07696

语音合成

Conditional Variational Autoencoder with Adversarial Learning for End-to-End Text-to-Speech (VITS)https://browse.arxiv.org/pdf/2106.06103.pdf
Neural Codec Language Models are Zero-Shot Text to Speech Synthesizers (VALL-E)https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.02111
Speak Foreign Languages with Your Own Voice: Cross-Lingual Neural Codec Language Modeling (VALL-E X) https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.03926.pdf
MusicLM: Generating Music From Text https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.11325

大模型基础

Attention Is All You Need https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762
Sequence to Sequence Learning with Neural Networks https://arxiv.org/abs/1409.3215
Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate https://arxiv.org/abs/1409.0473
BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04805
Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.08361.pdf
Emergent Abilities of Large Language Models https://openreview.net/pdf?id=yzkSU5zdwD
Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models (ChinChilla scaling law) https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.15556
Scaling Instruction-Finetuned Language Models https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.11416.pdf
Direct Preference Optimization:
Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Model https://arxiv.org/pdf/2305.18290.pdf
Progress measures for grokking via mechanistic interpretability https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.05217
Language Models Represent Space and Time https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.02207
GLaM: Efficient Scaling of Language Models with Mixture-of-Experts https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.06905
Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6980
Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space (Word2Vec) https://arxiv.org/abs/1301.3781
Distributed Representations of Words and Phrases and their Compositionality https://arxiv.org/abs/1310.4546

GPT

Language Models are Few-Shot Learners (GPT-3) https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165
Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners (GPT-2) https://d4mucfpksywv.cloudfront.net/better-language-models/language_models_are_unsupervised_multitask_learners.pdf
Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training (GPT-1) https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/openai-assets/research-covers/language-unsupervised/language_understanding_paper.pdf
Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback (InstructGPT)https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.02155.pdf
Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code https://arxiv.org/pdf/2107.03374.pdf
Harnessing the Power of LLMs in Practice: A Survey on ChatGPT and Beyond https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.13712
Instruction Tuning with GPT-4 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.03277.pdf
The Dawn of LMMs: Preliminary Explorations with GPT-4V(ision) https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.17421
Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4 https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.12712
Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Eliciting Strong Capabilities With Weak Supervision https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.09390

开源大模型

LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.13971
Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.09288.pdf
Vicuna: An Open-Source Chatbot Impressing GPT-4 with 90%* ChatGPT Quality https://lmsys.org/blog/2023-03-30-vicuna/
LMSYS-Chat-1M: A Large-Scale Real-World LLM Conversation Dataset https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.11998
Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arena https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.05685
How Long Can Open-Source LLMs Truly Promise on Context Length? https://lmsys.org/blog/2023-06-29-longchat/
Mixtral of experts https://mistral.ai/news/mixtral-of-experts/
OpenChat: Advancing Open-source Language Models with Mixed-Quality Data https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.11235
RWKV: Reinventing RNNs for the Transformer Era https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.13048
Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spaces https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2312/2312.00752.pdf
Retentive Network: A Successor to Transformer for Large Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.08621
Baichuan 2: Open Large-scale Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.10305
GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Model https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.02414
Qwen Technical Report https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.16609
Skywork: A More Open Bilingual Foundation Model https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.19341

微调

Learning to summarize from human feedback https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.01325
Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Model with Self Generated Instruction https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.10560
Scaling Down to Scale Up: A Guide to Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.15647
LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.09685
Vera: Vector-Based Random Matrix Adapation https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.11454.pdf
QLoRA: Efficient Finetuning of Quantized LLMs https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.14314
Chain of Hindsight Aligns Language Models with Feedback https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.02676
Beyond Human Data: Scaling Self-Training for Problem-Solving with Language Models https://arxiv.org/pdf/2312.06585.pdf

性能优化

Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttention (vLLM) https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.06180
FlashAttention: Fast and Memory-Efficient Exact Attention with IO-Awareness https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.14135
S-LoRA: Serving Thousands of Concurrent LoRA Adapters https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.03285
GPipe: Efficient Training of Giant Neural Networks using Pipeline Parallelism https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2019/file/093f65e080a295f8076b1c5722a46aa2-Paper.pdf
Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.08053.pdf
ZeRO: Memory Optimizations Toward Training Trillion Parameter Models https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.02054.pdf