linux系统-----------搭建LNMP 架构

PHP(Hypertext Preprocessor 超文本预处理器)是通用服务器端脚本编程语言，主要用于web开发实现动态web页面，也是最早实现将脚本嵌入HTML源码文档中的服务器端脚本语言之一。同时，php还提供了一个命令行接口，因此，其也可以在大多数系统上作为一个独立的shell来使用

LNMP 架构

环境准备    lnmp    需要  安装  nginx    mysql    php  软件     

准备工作   关闭防火墙，防护

[root@localhost ~]#systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]#setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]#cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]#ls
[root@localhost opt]#rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]#rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]#rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]#rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]#ls
Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz  php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]#tar xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz 
[root@localhost opt]#cd nginx-1.22.0/
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#ls
auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  conf  configure  contrib  html  LICENSE  man  README  src
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

（一）编译安装nginx

1、安装依赖包

yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

2、创建运行用户、组

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

（Nginx 服务程序默认以 nobody 身份运行，建议为其创建专门的用户账号，以便更准确地控制其访问权限）  useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

3、编译安装nginx

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#make -j 2
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#make install

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  /usr/bin

tee /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service   <<eof
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -1 $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -3 $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
eof

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#systemctl enable --now nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#systemctl status nginx.service

（二）编译安mysql

1、安装Mysql环境依赖包

yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmakeyum -y install gcc gcc-c++ cmake bison bison-devel zlib-devel libcurl-devel libarchive-devel boost-devel   ncurses-devel gnutls-devel libxml2-devel openssl-devel libevent-devel libaio-devel

2、创建运行用户

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]#ls
Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz  nginx-1.22.0  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz  php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]#tar xf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz 
[root@localhost opt]#cd mysql-5.7.20/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#ls
boost           config.h.cmake       extra                libmysql     mysys_ssl  scripts        testclients
BUILD           configure.cmake      include              libmysqld    packaging  sql            unittest
client          COPYING              INSTALL              libservices  plugin     sql-common     VERSION
cmake           dbug                 libbinlogevents      man          rapid      storage        vio
CMakeLists.txt  Docs                 libbinlogstandalone  mysql-test   README     strings        win
cmd-line-utils  Doxyfile-perfschema  libevent             mysys        regex      support-files  zlib
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#

3、编译安装

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#make -j 2
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#make install

4、修改mysql 配置文件

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

5、更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

6、设置路径环境变量

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#source /etc/profile

7、初始化数据库

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

8、添加mysqld系统服务

[root@localhost bin]#cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost bin]#systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost bin]#systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@localhost bin]#systemctl status mysqld.service

[root@localhost bin]#systemctl enable mysqld.service

9、修改mysql 的登录密码

[root@localhost bin]#mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"

mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"     
给root账号设置密码为abc123，提示输入的是原始密码（为空）要求输入的是原密码直接回车即可

10、授权远程登录 

[root@localhost bin]#mysql -uroot -pabc123

（三）编译安装php软件

1、安装环境依赖包

yum -y install gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel

2、编译安装

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#make -j 2
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#make install

3、调整PHP配置文件

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#ls php.ini-development 
php.ini-development
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#cp php.ini-development  /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

修改内容
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock  

调整主配置文件：

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#cd /usr/local/php/lib/
[root@localhost lib]#ls
php  php.ini
[root@localhost lib]#cd php/
[root@localhost php]#ls
Archive  Console  doc         OS    pearcmd.php  peclcmd.php  System.php  XML
build    data     extensions  PEAR  PEAR.php     Structures   test
[root@localhost php]#cd ..
[root@localhost lib]#ls
php  php.ini
[root@localhost lib]#cd ..
[root@localhost php]#ls
bin  etc  include  lib  php  sbin  var
[root@localhost php]#pwd
/usr/local/php
[root@localhost php]#cd etc/
[root@localhost etc]#ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@localhost etc]#pwd
/usr/local/php/etc
[root@localhost etc]#cp php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]#ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@localhost etc]#vim php-fpm.conf

调整进程服务配置文件：

调整扩展配置文件：

[root@localhost etc]#cd php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#ls
www.conf.default
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#ls
www.conf  www.conf.default
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#

php有三个配置文件： 
php.ini            主配置文件  
php-fpm.conf    进程服务配置文件 
www.conf        扩展配置文件

#调整主配置文件：
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini    
vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
--1170行--修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
--939行--取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

#调整进程服务配置文件：
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp  php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
vim php-fpm.conf
--17行--去掉";"注释
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

#调整扩展配置文件：
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf

4、路径优化

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/

5、启动php-fpm

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#cd /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm/
[root@localhost fpm]#ls
config.m4  init.d.php-fpm     Makefile.frag  php-fpm.8.in     php-fpm.service     status.html.in  www.conf.in
CREDITS    init.d.php-fpm.in  php-fpm        php-fpm.conf     php-fpm.service.in  tests
fpm        LICENSE            php-fpm.8      php-fpm.conf.in  status.html         www.conf
[root@localhost fpm]#pwd
/opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm
[root@localhost fpm]#cp /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost fpm]#
[root@localhost fpm]#systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@localhost fpm]#systemctl start php-fpm.service
[root@localhost fpm]#systemctl status php-fpm.service
● php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process ManagerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since 三 2024-02-28 15:47:25 CST; 17s agoMain PID: 42918 (php-fpm)CGroup: /system.slice/php-fpm.service├─42918 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf)├─42919 php-fpm: pool www└─42920 php-fpm: pool www2月 28 15:47:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager.
2月 28 15:47:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The PHP FastCGI Process Manager...
[root@localhost fpm]#ss -natp |grep 9000
LISTEN     0      128    127.0.0.1:9000                     *:*                   users:(("php-fpm",pid=42920,fd=0),("php-fpm",pid=42919,fd=0),("php-fpm",pid=42918,fd=6))
[root@localhost fpm]#

（四）配置 Nginx支持PHP解析

[root@localhost fpm]#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

[root@localhost fpm]#nginx -s reload
[root@localhost fpm]#systemctl restart nginx.service

1、修改配置文件

2、写php测试页面

[root@localhost html]#vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost html]#

3、去浏览器验证

4、验证数据库工作是否正常

CREATE DATABASE bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;

重新编辑测试页：

<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.246.7','bbsuser','admin123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>

浏览器访问

（五）安装论坛

[root@localhost ~]#cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]#ls
dir_SC_UTF8              mysql-5.7.20               nginx-1.22.0         php-7.1.10          说明.htm
Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz  php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]#unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip

[root@localhost opt]#cd dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]#ls
readme  upload  utility
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]#cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]#cd  /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost bbs]#ls
admin.php  archiver     crossdomain.xml  forum.php  index.php  member.php  portal.php  source    uc_client
api        config       data             group.php  install    misc.php    robots.txt  static    uc_server
api.php    connect.php  favicon.ico      home.php   m          plugin.php  search.php  template
[root@localhost bbs]#chmod -R 777 ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]#chmod -R 777 ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]#chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]#chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/

1、部署 Discuz

2、调整论坛目录的权限：

调整论坛目录的权限:

cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/

chown -R nginx.nginx ./config/
chown -R nginx.nginx  ./data/
chown -R nginx.nginx ./uc_client/
chown -R nginx.nginx ./uc_server/

都要处理
chmod -R 777 ./config/
chmod -R 777 ./data/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/

3、论坛页面访问

数据库默认端口号3306

(六)安装博客

[root@zzcentos1 opt]#cp -r wordpress  /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@zzcentos1 opt]#cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@zzcentos1 html]#ls
50x.html  bbs  index.html  index.php  wordpress
[root@zzcentos1 html]#chmod  -R 777 wordpress/ 
[root@zzcentos1 html]#ls
50x.html  bbs  index.html  index.php  wordpress
[root@zzcentos1 html]#

建数据库名

CREATE DATABASE blog;
GRANT all ON blog.* TO 'bloguser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON blog.* TO 'bloguser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;
wordpress/wp-admin

去浏览器访问