【Swing】Java Swing实现省市区选择编辑器

系统：Win10
JDK：1.8.0_351
IDEA：2022.3.3

1.需求描述

在公司的一个 Swing 的项目上需要实现一个选择省市区的编辑器，这还是第一次做这种编辑器，在前端实现各种地区选择编辑器都比较常见，反而是 Swing 实现还是第一次，故将结果记录下来。

2.需求实现

地区选择从原理上来看很简单，通过级联的方式，将某个对象的所属对象数据展示出来，比如先选择省，就将省下的市等数据展示出来再选。

在 Swing 里我选择使用JPopupMenu 的方式来展示省市区的选择，相对于JDialog 来说，JPopupMenu 的级联操作更加简单一点。

实现代码如下：

import com.lijinjiang.beautyeye.BeautyEyeLNFHelper;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;/*** @Description 地址选择器demo* @Author 03010430* @ModifyDate 2024/3/13 13:20*/
public class CityPickerDemo {public static JTextField textField;public static JPopupMenu popupMenu;public static DefaultListModel<String> provinceModel;public static JList<String> provinceList;//省份列表public static DefaultListModel<String> cityModel;public static JList<String> cityList;//城市列表public static DefaultListModel<String> districtModel;public static JList<String> districtList;//区县列表public static boolean haveInit;//初始化完毕public static void main(String[] args) {try {BeautyEyeLNFHelper.frameBorderStyle = BeautyEyeLNFHelper.FrameBorderStyle.generalNoTranslucencyShadow;BeautyEyeLNFHelper.launchBeautyEyeLNF();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}JFrame frame = new JFrame();JPanel panel = new JPanel(null);JLabel label = new JLabel("选择地址");label.setBounds(10, 30, 80, 36);panel.add(label);textField = new JTextField();textField.setEditable(false);textField.setBounds(100, 30, 270, 36);textField.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {@Overridepublic void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {clickFieldAction();}});panel.add(textField);frame.add(panel);frame.setSize(400, 150);frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//设置默认关闭操作frame.setVisible(true);}public static void clickFieldAction() {popupMenu = new JPopupMenu();//初始化菜单面板provinceModel = new DefaultListModel<>();provinceList = new JList<>(provinceModel);//省份列表cityModel = new DefaultListModel<>();cityList = new JList<>(cityModel);//城市列表districtModel = new DefaultListModel<>();districtList = new JList<>(districtModel);//区县列表haveInit = false;//初始化赋值popupMenu.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 3));//添加省份模块JScrollPane scrollPane1 = new JScrollPane(provinceList);scrollPane1.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("省级"));popupMenu.add(scrollPane1);//添加城市模块JScrollPane scrollPane2 = new JScrollPane(cityList);scrollPane2.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("地级/县级"));popupMenu.add(scrollPane2);//添加区县模块JScrollPane scrollPane3 = new JScrollPane(districtList);scrollPane3.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("县级"));popupMenu.add(scrollPane3);String text = textField.getText();if (text != null && !text.isEmpty()) {initProvinceData();String[] arr = text.trim().split("/");if (arr.length > 0) {String oldProvince = arr[0];if (provinceModel.contains(oldProvince)) {provinceList.setSelectedValue(oldProvince, true);}if (arr.length > 1) {String oldCity = arr[1];if (cityModel.contains(oldCity)) {cityList.setSelectedValue(oldCity, true);}if (arr.length > 2) {String oldDistrict = arr[2];if (districtModel.contains(oldDistrict)) {districtList.setSelectedValue(oldDistrict, true);}}}}} else {initProvinceData();//初始化省份列表}haveInit = true;//标识初始化结束showPopupMenu(textField, popupMenu);}//第一级：省级public static void initProvinceData() {try {List<String> list = getProvinceData();//模拟省份数据for (String str : list) {provinceModel.addElement(str);}//添加事件监听provinceList.addListSelectionListener(e -> {String province = provinceList.getSelectedValue();if (province != null && !province.isEmpty()) {initCityData(province);}});} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}//第二级：地级/县级public static void initCityData(String province) {try {cityModel.removeAllElements();//清空城市数据districtModel.removeAllElements();//清空区县数据List<String> list = getCityData(province);//模拟城市数据if (haveInit && list.size() == 0) {//第二级没有数据时，直接第一级的数据填写上textField.setText(province);//取值popupMenu.setVisible(false); //隐藏菜单popupMenu.removeAll(); //移除所有菜单项} else {for (String str : list) {cityModel.addElement(str);}//添加事件监听cityList.addListSelectionListener(e -> {String selectedProvince = provinceList.getSelectedValue();String selectedCity = cityList.getSelectedValue();if (selectedCity != null && !selectedCity.isEmpty()) {initDistrictData(selectedProvince, selectedCity);}});}} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}public static void initDistrictData(String province, String city) {try {districtModel.removeAllElements();//先清空区县数据List<String> list = getDistrictData(province,city);//模拟区县数据if (haveInit && list.size() == 0) {//区县没有数据时，直接将市的数据填写上String value = province + "/" + city;textField.setText(value);//取值popupMenu.setVisible(false); //隐藏菜单popupMenu.removeAll(); //移除所有菜单项} else {for (String str : list) {districtModel.addElement(str);}//添加事件监听districtList.addListSelectionListener(e -> {if (haveInit) {String selectedDistrict = districtList.getSelectedValue();if (selectedDistrict != null && !selectedDistrict.isEmpty()) {String selectedProvince = provinceList.getSelectedValue();String selectedCity = cityList.getSelectedValue();String value = selectedProvince + "/" + selectedCity + "/" + selectedDistrict;textField.setText(value);//取值popupMenu.setVisible(false); //隐藏菜单popupMenu.removeAll(); //移除所有菜单项}}});}} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}//点击按钮事件，继承该类的编辑器都要复写改代码public static void showPopupMenu(JComponent parent, JPopupMenu popupMenu) {GraphicsEnvironment graphicsEnvironment = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();Rectangle maximumWindowBounds = graphicsEnvironment.getMaximumWindowBounds();double deskHeight = maximumWindowBounds.getHeight();//桌面高度（不包括任务栏）int width = parent.getWidth();if (width < 400) {width = 400;}popupMenu.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(width, 200));int popupMenuBottom = parent.getLocationOnScreen().y + parent.getHeight() + 200;if (deskHeight < popupMenuBottom) {//超出桌面高度显示在输入框上面popupMenu.show(parent, parent.getWidth() - width, -200);} else {popupMenu.show(parent, 0, parent.getHeight());}}//模拟省份数据private static List<String> getProvinceData() {List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();list.add("北京市");list.add("上海市");list.add("江西省");list.add("福建省");list.add("浙江省");list.add("江苏省");list.add("河北省");list.add("安徽省");list.add("台湾省");return list;}//模拟城市数据private static List<String> getCityData(String province) {List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();switch (province) {case "北京市": {list.add("东城区");list.add("西城区");list.add("朝阳区");break;}case "上海市": {list.add("黄浦区");list.add("徐汇区");list.add("长宁区");list.add("静安区");break;}case "江西省": {list.add("南昌市");list.add("景德镇市");list.add("萍乡市");list.add("九江市");list.add("新余市");list.add("鹰潭市");list.add("赣州市");list.add("吉安市");list.add("宜春市");list.add("抚州市");list.add("上饶市");break;}case "福建省": {list.add("福州市");list.add("厦门市");list.add("莆田市");break;}default:break;}return list;}private static List<String> getDistrictData(String province, String city) {List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();if ("江西省".equals(province)){if ("南昌市".equals(city)){list.add("东湖区");list.add("西湖区");list.add("青云谱区");list.add("青山湖区");list.add("新建区");list.add("红谷滩区");list.add("南昌县");list.add("安义县");list.add("进贤县");} else if ("上饶市".equals(city)){list.add("信州区");list.add("广丰区");list.add("广信区");list.add("玉山县");list.add("铅山县");list.add("横峰县");list.add("弋阳县");list.add("余干县");list.add("鄱阳县");list.add("万年县");list.add("婺源县");list.add("德兴市");}}return list;}
}

3.效果展示

我这里测试代码中的数据只模拟了一部分数据，在生产中根据实际接口获取数据。这里推荐使用 2022年中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码 国家区划数据