LNMP部署wordpress

1.环境准备

总体架构介绍

序号	类型	名称	外网地址	内网地址	软件
02	负载均衡服务器	lb01	10.0.0.5	192.168.88.5	nginx keepalived
03	负载均衡服务器	lb02	10.0.0.6	192.168.88.6	nginx keepalived
04	web服务器	web01	10.0.0.7	192.168.88.7	nginx
05	web服务器	web02	10.0.0.8	192.168.88.8	nginx
06	web服务器	web03	10.0.0.9	192.168.88.9	nginx
07	数据库服务器	db01	10.0.0.51	192.168.88.51	mariadb mysql
08	存储服务器	nfs01	10.0.0.31	192.168.88.31	nfs-utils rpcbind
09	备份服务器	backup	10.0.0.41	192.168.88.41	rsync
10	批量管理服务器	m01	10.0.0.61	192.168.88.61	ansible
11	跳板机服务器	jumpserver	10.0.0.71	192.168.88.71	jumpserver
12	监控服务器	zabbix	10.0.0.72	192.168.88.72	zabbix
13	缓存服务器	redis

2.ansible搭建

cat >01_ins_ansible.sh<<EOF 
#!/bin/bash
cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/ansible.repo<<EOM
[ansible]
name=ansible
baseurl=https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
EOM
yum clean all
yum repoinfo
yum -y install ansible
EOF

vim 02_config_ansible.sh
#!/bin/bash
ls /ansible
[ $? -eq 0 ] ||  mkdir /ansible
cat >/ansible/ansible.cfg<<EOF
[defaults]
host_key_checking = false
inventory = inventory
EOF
cat >/ansible/inventory<<EOF
[web]
192.168.88.7
192.168.88.8
192.168.88.9[lb01]
192.168.88.5[lb02]
192.168.88.6[db]
192.168.88.51[backup]
192.168.88.41[data]
192.168.88.31
[all:vars]
ansible_ssh_user=root     #所有机器用户名都是root,密码是123
ansible_ssh_pass=123
EOF

1.测试ansible可以正常访问

ansible all -m ping

3.web服务（LNMP架构wordpress）

（一）安装linux操作系统（略）

（二）整体文件系统说明

1设置tab键

每次缩进2个空格，方便编写yaml文件，直接拷贝执行即可

cat  >.vimrc<<EOF 

autocmd FileType yaml setlocal ai ts=2 sw=2 et

EOF

2.一键安装web服务器nginx,php,部署3台web

cd /ansible
cat >03_install_nginx.yaml<<EOF
---
- name: install nginxhosts: webtasks:- name: touchcopy:content: |[nginx]name=nginx repobaseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/gpgcheck=0enabled=1dest: /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo- name: shellshell:cmd:yum makecache- name: install nginxshell:cmd: |yum -y install nginxyum remove -y epel-release.noarchyum install -y epel-releaseyum install -y https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/remi/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpmyum --enablerepo=remi-php74 install -y php php-cli php-common php-devel php-embedded php-gd php-mbstring php-pdo php-xml php-fpm php-mysqlnd php-opcache php-mcrypt php-pecl-memcached php-pecl-mongodb php-pecl-redis- name: copy web/default.confcopy:src: web/default.confdest: /etc/nginx/conf.d/- name: copy www.confcopy:src: files/www.confdest: /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf- name: start  nginx serviceservice:name: "{{item}}"state: restartedenabled: yesloop: [nginx,php-fpm]
EOF

ansible-playbook  03_install_nginx.yaml  执行

3.一键安装代理服务器nginx,keepalived,部署2台lb01和lb02

cat >04_install_keepalived.yaml<<EOF
---
- name: install nginxhosts: lb01,lb02tasks:- name: touchcopy:content: |[nginx]name=nginx repobaseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/gpgcheck=0enabled=1dest: /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo- name: shellshell: yum makecache- name: install nginxyum:name: nginx,keepalivedstate: present- name: copy nginx.confcopy:src: files/nginx.confdest: /etc/nginx/- name: copy default.confcopy:src: files/default.confdest: /etc/nginx/conf.d/
- name: config keepalived.confhosts: lb01tasks:- name:  copy lb01  keepalived.confcopy:src: files/keepalived.conf  #master配置文件dest: /etc/keepalived/
- name: lb02hosts: lb02tasks:- name:  copy lb02 keepalived.confcopy:src: ./keepalived.conf #slave配置文件dest: /etc/keepalived/
- name: start servicehosts: lb01,lb02tasks:- name: start  nginx keepalived serviceservice:name: "{{item}}"state: restartedenabled: yesloop: [nginx,keepalived]
EOF

4.nfs服务端文件系统部署

cat >05_install_server_nfs-utils.yaml<<EOF
---
- name: install nfs01hosts: datatasks:- name: install nfs-utilsyum:name: nfs-utils,rpcbindstate: present- name: copy /etc/exportscopy:content: |/data 192.168.88.0/24(rw,sync)dest: /etc/exports- name: mkdir /datafile:path: /datastate: directoryowner: nfsnobodygroup: nfsnobody- name: htmlcopy:src: web/wordpress-6.1.1-zh_CN.tar.gzdest: /data- name: tar -xf wordpress-6.1.1-zh_CN.tar.gzshell: cmd: |tar -xf   /data/wordpress-6.1.1-zh_CN.tar.gz -C /datachmod -R 777 /data- name: start rpcbind,nfsservice:name: "{{item}}"state: restartedenabled: yesloop: [rpcbind,nfs]EOF

5.nfs客户端web文件系统部署

cat >06_clientweb_nfs-utils.yaml<<EOF
---
- name: install nfs-utilshosts: webtasks:- name: install nfs-utilsyum:name: nfs-utilsstate: present- name: copy /etc/copy:content: |mount -t nfs 192.168.88.31:/data /mntdest: /etc/rc.d/nfs.local- name:  chmod a+x  /etc/rc.d/nfs.localshell:cmd: |chmod a+x  /etc/rc.d/nfs.localmount -t nfs 192.168.88.31:/data /mnt
EOF

6.mariadb数据库部署

cat >07-install_mariadb-server.yaml<<EOF
---
- name: install nfs-utilshosts: dbtasks:- name: install nfs-utilsyum:name: mariadb-server,mariadbstate: present- name: start mariadbservice:name: mariadbstate: restartedenabled: yes- name: 修改passwdshell:cmd: |mysqladmin -u root password '123456'
EOF

7.创建收钱数据库和用户

cat >08-config-mysql.yml<<EOF
---
- name: config mysqlhosts: dbtasks:- name: create databasescript: files/config_mysql.sh
EOF

7.files目录下文件

1.files/config_mysql.sh

cat files/config_mysql.sh<<EOF
mysql -u root -p123456 -e "create database wordpress character set utf8mb4"
mysql -u root -p123456 -e "create user wordpress@'%' identified by 'wordpress'"
mysql -u root -p123456 -e "grant all privileges on wordpress.* to wordpress@'%'"
EOF

2.files/default.conf

cat >default.conf<<EOF
server {listen       80;server_name  localhost;#access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;location / {proxy_pass http://webserver; #路由转发root   /usr/share/nginx/html;index  index.html index.htm;}#error_page  404              /404.html;# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html#error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   /usr/share/nginx/html;}# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80##location ~ \.php$ {#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;#}# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000##location ~ \.php$ {#    root           html;#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;#    fastcgi_index  index.php;#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;#    include        fastcgi_params;#}# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root# concurs with nginx's one##location ~ /\.ht {#    deny  all;#}
}
EOF

3.files/keepalived.conf 

cat >keepalived.conf<<EOF
! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {notification_email {[e-mail]@[e-mail]}notification_email_from [e-mail]_server 192.168.200.1smtp_connect_timeout 30router_id lb01vrrp_iptablesvrrp_skip_check_adv_addrvrrp_strictvrrp_garp_interval 0vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_script chk_http_port {  # 定义监视脚本script "/etc/keepalived/check_lvs.sh"  interval 2   # 脚本每隔2秒运行一次}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {state MASTERinterface ens33virtual_router_id 51priority 100advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass 1111}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.88.80/24}
track_script {    # 引用脚本chk_http_port}
}
EOF

4.files/check_lvs.sh

cat >files/check_lvs.sh<<EOF  #检测keepalived主备切换
#!/bin/bash
ss -ntulp | grep :80 &> /dev/null && exit 0 || exit 1
EOF
chmod +x files/check_lvs.sh #记得加执行权限

5.files/www.conf

cat >files/www.conf<<EOF #源文件修改以下2行
...
user = nginxgroup = nginx
...
EOF

8.web目录下文件

1.web/default.conf

cat >web/default.conf<<EOF
server {listen       80;server_name  localhost;#access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;location / {root   /mnt/wordpress;index index.php index.html index.htm;}#error_page  404              /404.html;# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html#error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   /mnt/wordpress;}# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80##location ~ \.php$ {#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;#}# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000#location ~ \.php$ {root           /mnt/wordpress;fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index  index.php;#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;include        fastcgi_params;}# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root# concurs with nginx's one##location ~ /\.ht {#    deny  all;#}
}
EOF

2.web/wordpress-6.1.1-zh_CN.tar.gz

下载网址

wordpress-6.1-zh_CN.zip - 坚果云 - 云盘|网盘|企业网盘|同步|备份|无限空间|免费网络硬盘|企业云盘 (jianguoyun.com)

9.注意事项

如果客户端是windows主机，则使用记事本程序打开C:\windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts添加名称解析
当点击http://192.168.88.80页面中任意链接时，地址栏上的地址，都会变成192.168.88.7。通过以下方式修复它：
# 在nfs服务器上修改配置文件
[root@nfs01 ~]# vim /mnt/wordpress/wp-config.php 
# define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress')它的上方添加以下两行：
define('WP_SITEURL', 'http://192.168.88.80');
define('WP_HOME', 'http://192.168.88.80');

3.backup备份

服务端：backup

客户端：web01 web02 web03 

要求：

       每天晚上 00 点整在 Web 服务器上打包备份系统配置文件、网站程序目录及访问日志并通过 rsync 命令推送备份服务器 backup 上备份保留（备份思路可以是先在本地按日期打包，然后再推到备份服务器 backup 上） ，NFS 存储服务器同 Web 服务器，实际工作 中就是全部的服务器。

具体要求如下：
1)所有服务器的备份目录必须都为/backup。

2)要备份的系统配置文件包括但不限于：

a.定时任务服务的配置文件(/var/spool/cron/root)

b.开机自启动的配置文件(/etc/rc.local)

c.日常脚本的目录 (/server/scripts)。

d.防火墙 iptables 的配置文件(/etc/sysconfig/iptables)。

e.自己思考下还有什么需要备份呢？

3)Web 服务器站点目录(/var/html/www)。

4)Web 服务器 A 访问日志路径（/app/logs）

5)Web 服务器保留打包后的 7 天的备份数据即可(本地留存不能多于 7 天，因为太多硬盘会 满)

6)备份服务器上,保留每周一的所有数据副本，其它要保留 6 个月的数据副本。

7)备份服务器上要按照备份数据服务器的内网 IP 为目录保存备份，备份的文件按照时间名 字保存。

8）*需要确保备份的数据尽量完整正确，在备份服务器上对备份的数据进行检查，把备份的成功及失败结 果信息发给系统管理员邮箱中。

cat >09_backup_all_config.yaml<<EOF
---
- name: 客户端和服务端安装rsynchosts: web,backuptasks:- name: 安装rsync同步软件yum:name: rsyncstate: latest- name: 创建备份目录file:path: /server/scriptsstate: directory
- name: 配置backup服务端hosts: backupvars:rsync_password: "rsync_backup:123456"backup_dir: "/backup"tasks:- name: 配置/etc/rsyncd.confcopy:dest: /etc/rsyncd.confcontent: |uid = rsyncgid = rsyncport = 873fake super = yesuse chroot = nomax connections =200timeout = 300pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pidlock file = /var/run/rsync.locklog file = /var/log/rsyncd.logignore errorsread only = falselist = falsehosts allow = 192.168.88.0/24hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/32auth users = rsync_backupsecrets file = /etc/rsync.password[backup]comment = "backup dir by abin"path = /backup- name: Add rsync useruser:name: rsynccreate_home: noshell: /sbin/nologinsystem: yes- name: Create rsync password fileshell: echo "{{ rsync_password }}" > /etc/rsync.password && chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password- name: Create backup directoryfile:path: "{{ backup_dir }}"state: directoryowner: rsyncgroup: rsync- name: Start and enable rsync serviceservice:name: rsyncdstate: restartedenabled: yes- name: 清理过期文件脚本copy:dest: /server/scripts/backup_server.shcontent: |#!/bin/bash# del 180 day ago datafind /backup/ -type f -mtime +180 ! -name "*week1.tar.gz"|xargs rm 2>/dev/null# check backup datafind /backup/ -type f -name "finger.txt"|xargs md5sum -c >/tmp/check.txt#send check mailmail -s "check backup info for $(date +%F)" [e-mail] </tmp/check.txt- name: Add cron job for backup_server scriptcron:user: "root"minute: "0"hour: "0"job: "/bin/sh /server/scripts/backup_server.sh"state: present
- name: 配置web客户端hosts: webvars:password: "123456"tasks:- name: Create rsync password fileshell: echo "{{ password }}" > /etc/rsync.password && chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password- name: 备份脚本copy:dest: /server/scripts/backup.shcontent: |#!/bin/bashBackup_dir="/backup"IP_info=`ifconfig | head -2 | tail -1 | awk '{print $2}'`# create backup dirmkdir -p $Backup_dir/$IP_info# tar backup datacd /tar zchf /$Backup_dir/$IP_info/system_backup_$(date +%F_week%w -d -0day).tar.gz  /etc/rc.local /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf  /server/scripts /var/spool/cron/root tar zchf /$Backup_dir/$IP_info/www_backup_$(date +%F_week%w).tar.gz  ./var/html/wwwtar zchf /$Backup_dir/$IP_info/www_log_backup_$(date +%F_week%w).tar.gz  ./app/logs# del 7 day ago datafind $Backup_dir -type f -mtime +7|xargs rm 2>/dev/null# create finger filefind $Backup_dir/ -type f -mtime -1 ! -name "finger*"|xargs md5sum >/$Backup_dir/$IP_info/finger.txt# backup push data inforsync -az $Backup_dir/ rsync_backup@192.168.88.41::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password- name: Add cron job for backup scriptcron:user: "root"minute: "0"hour: "0"job: "/bin/sh /server/scripts/backup.sh"state: present
EOF