python实现接口自动化

代码实现自动化相关理论

• 代码编写脚本和工具实现脚本区别是啥?

  • 代码：
    • 优点：代码灵活方便
    • 缺点：学习成本高
  • 工具：
    • 优点：易上手
    • 缺点：灵活度低，有局限性。
  • 总结：
    • 功能脚本：工具
    • 自动化脚本：代码

• 代码接口自动化怎么做的？

  第一步：python+request+unittest;
  具体描述？
  第二步：封装、调用、数据驱动、日志、报告;
  详细举例:
  第三步：api\scripts\data\log\report\until...
  

脚本实现

• 使用代码编写自动化脚本的流程

1、抽取功能用例转为自动化用例
2、搭建环境（测试工具、）
3、搭建目录结构
4、编写脚本
5、执行脚本
6、配置持续集成

抽取功能转为自动化用例

搭建环境（测试工具）

1、python、Pycharm、requests、pymysql、parametrize
2、jenkins、jdk
提示：由于编写的自动化脚本，而自动化脚本编写之前功能已测试完毕，所以不需要在单独搭建项目环境。

搭建目录结构

代码编写

• api(api_register_login.py)

  from config import Host
  class ApiRegisterLogin:#初始化def __init__(self,session):# 获取session对象self.session =session# 图片验证码urlself.__url_img_code=Host+"/common/public/verifycode1/{}"# 短信验证码urlself.__url_phone_code = Host + "/member/public/sendSms"# 注册urlself.__url_register= Host + "/member/public/reg"# 登录urlself.__url_login=Host + "/member/public/login"# 登录状态urlself.__url_login_status = Host + "/member/public/islogin"#1.获取图片验证码接口 封装def api_img_code(self):pass#2.获取短信验证码接口 封装def api_phone_code(self):pass#3.注册接口封装def api_register(self):pass#4.登录接口封装def api_login(self):pass#5.查询登录状态接口 封装def api_login_status(self):pass
  

• 实现

    #1.获取图片验证码接口 封装def api_img_code(self,random):# 调用get方法，返回响应对象return self.session.get(url=self.__url_img_code.format(random))#2.获取短信验证码接口 封装def api_phone_code(self,phone,imgVerifyCode):#1.定义请求参数data={"phone":phone,"imgVerifyCode":imgVerifyCode,"type":"reg"}# 调用请求方法return self.session.post(url=self.__url_phone_code,data=data)#3.注册接口封装def api_register(self,phone,password,imgVerifyCode,phone_code):# 1.定义请求参数data = {"phone": phone,"password":password,"imgVerifyCode": imgVerifyCode,"phone_code":phone_code,"dy_server":"on","invite_phone": ""}# 调用请求方法return self.session.post(url=self.__url_register, data=data)#4.登录接口封装def api_login(self,phone,password):#1.定义请求参数data={"phone":phone,"password":password,}# 调用请求方法return self.session.post(url=self.__url_login,data=data)#5.查询登录状态接口 封装def api_login_status(self):return self.session.post(url=self.__url_login_status)

• script(test01_register_login.py)

import unittest
import requests
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
class TestRegisterLogin(unittest.TestCase):#初始化def setUp(self) -> None:# 获取session对象self.session=requests.session()#获取ApiRegisterLogin实例self.reg=ApiRegisterLogin(self.session)#结束def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:# 关闭session对象self.session.close()#1.获取图片验证码接口 测试def test01_img_code(self):pass#2.获取短信验证码接口 测试def test02_phone_code(self):pass#3.注册接口 测试def test03_register(self):pass#4.登录接口 测试def test04_login(self):pass#5.查询登录状态接口 测试def test05_login_status(self):pass

• 封装

import unittest
import requests
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
class TestRegisterLogin(unittest.TestCase):#初始化def setUp(self) -> None:# 获取session对象self.session=requests.session()#获取ApiRegisterLogin实例self.reg=ApiRegisterLogin(self.session)#结束def tearDown(self) -> None:# 关闭session对象self.session.close()#1.获取图片验证码接口 测试def test01_img_code(self):# 调用图片验证码r= self.reg.api_img_code(123)#查看响应状态码print(r.status_code)#2.获取短信验证码接口 测试def test02_phone_code(self,phone=13312345678,imgVerifyCode=8888):#1.调用获取短信验证码接口--目的：让session对象记录cookieself.reg.api_img_code(123)#2.调用短信验证码接口r=self.reg.api_phone_code(phone=phone,imgVerifyCode=imgVerifyCode)print(r.json())#3.注册接口 测试def test03_register(self,phone=13312345678,imgVerifyCode=8888,password="test123",phone_code=666666):#1.图片验证码接口self.reg.api_img_code(123)#2.短信验证码接口self.reg.api_phone_code(phone=phone, imgVerifyCode=imgVerifyCode)#3.注册接口r=self.reg.api_register(phone=phone, password=password,verifycode=imgVerifyCode,phone_code=phone_code)#4.查看结果print(r.json())#4.登录接口 测试def test04_login(self,keywords="13312345678",password="test123"):#1.调用登录接口r = self.reg.api_login(keywords=keywords, password=password)# 2.查看结果print(r.json())#5.查询登录状态接口 测试def test05_login_status(self):#调用登录接口self.reg.api_login(keywords="13312345678",password="test123")#调用查询登录接口状态r = self.reg.api_login_status()#看结果print(r.json())

断言

• 说明：判断程序执行实际结果是否符合预期结果
• 示例：

import unittest
import requests
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
class TestRegisterLogin(unittest.TestCase):#初始化def setUp(self) -> None:# 获取session对象self.session=requests.session()#获取ApiRegisterLogin实例self.reg=ApiRegisterLogin(self.session)#结束def tearDown(self) -> None:# 关闭session对象self.session.close()#1.获取图片验证码接口 测试def test01_img_code(self):try:# 调用图片验证码r= self.reg.api_img_code(123)#查看响应状态码self.assertEqual(200,r.status_code)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常raise#2.获取短信验证码接口 测试def test02_phone_code(self,phone=13312345678,imgVerifyCode=8888,expect_text="发送成功"):try:#1.调用获取短信验证码接口--目的：让session对象记录cookieself.reg.api_img_code(123)#2.调用短信验证码接口r=self.reg.api_phone_code(phone=phone,imgVerifyCode=imgVerifyCode)#3.查看响应结果print(r.json())#self.assertIn("发送成功",r.json().get("description"))self.assertIn(expect_text,r.text)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常raise#3.注册接口 测试def test03_register(self,phone=13312345679,imgVerifyCode=8888,password="test123",phone_code=666666,expect_text="注册成功"):try:#1.图片验证码接口self.reg.api_img_code(123)#2.短信验证码接口self.reg.api_phone_code(phone=phone, imgVerifyCode=imgVerifyCode)#3.注册接口r=self.reg.api_register(phone=phone, password=password,verifycode=imgVerifyCode,phone_code=phone_code)#4.查看结果print(r.json())self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常raise#4.登录接口 测试def test04_login(self,keywords="13312345678",password="test123",expect_text="登录成功"):try:#1.调用登录接口r = self.reg.api_login(keywords=keywords, password=password)# 2.查看结果print(r.json())self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常raise#5.查询登录状态接口 测试def test05_login_status(self,expect_text="OK"):try:#调用登录接口self.reg.api_login(keywords="13312345678",password="test123")#调用查询登录接口状态r = self.reg.api_login_status()#看结果print(r.json())self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常raise

提示：捕获异常的目的是为了将错误信息记录下来，捕获信息完成后，必须抛出异常。

参数化

• 步骤

1.编写数据存储文件json
2.编写读取工具方法 read_json()
3.使用参数化组件进行引用 parametrize

• 1.编写参数化文件(register_login.json)

心得：
1、根据模块来新建json文件（1个模块1个json文件）
2、最外侧使用{}，模块下几个接口，编写几个key，值为列表
3、列表值中，有几组数据，就写几个{}
4、每组数据{}中，组成格式：说明+参数+预期结果

{"img_code": [{"desc": "获取图片验证码成功（随机小数）","random": 0.123,"expect_code": 200},{"desc": "获取图片验证码成功（随机整数）","random": 1,"expect_code": 200},{"desc": "获取图片验证码成功（随机为空）","random": " ","expect_code": 404},{"desc": "获取图片验证码成功（随机数为字符串）","random": "a123","expect_code": 400}],"phone_code": [{"desc":"获取短信验证码成功 ","phone":"16612345678","imgVerifyCode":8888,"expect_code": "发送成功"},{"desc":"获取短信验证码成功 ","phone":"16612345678","imgVerifyCode":8889,"expect_code": "验证码错误"}],"register": [{"desc":"注册成功(必填参数) ","phone":"16612341111","password":"test123","verifycode":8888,"phone_code": 666666,"expect_code": "注册成功"},{"desc":"注册失败(图片验证码错误)","phone":"16612341111","password":"test123","verifycode":8889,"phone_code": 666666,"expect_code": "验证码错误!"},{"desc":"注册失败(短信验证码错误)","phone":"16612341111","password":"test123","verifycode":8888,"phone_code": 666667,"expect_code": "验证码错误"},{"desc":"注册失败(手机号已存在)","phone":"13312345678","password":"test123","verifycode":8888,"phone_code": 666666,"expect_code": "已存在"}],"login": [{"desc": "登录成功","keywords": "13312345678","password":"test123","expect_code": "登录成功"},{"desc": "登录失败（密码为空）","keywords": "13312345678","password":"","expect_code": "不能为空"},{"desc": "登录失败（解锁）","keywords": "13312345678","password":"error123","expect_code": "登录成功"}],"login_status": [{"desc": "查询登录状态（已登录） ","status": "已登录","expect_code": "OK"},{"desc": "查询登录状态（未登录） ","status": "未登录","expect_code": "未登"}]
}

• 编写读取数据工具(util.py)

#读取json工具
import os
import jsonfrom config import DIR_PATH
def read_json(filename,key):#拼接读取文件的完整路径 os.sep动态获取/\file_path=DIR_PATH+os.sep+"data"+os.sep+filenamearr=[]with open(file_path,"r",encoding="utf-8") as f:for data in json.load(f).get(key):arr.append(tuple(data.values())[1:])return  arrif __name__ == '__main__':print(read_json("register_login.json", "register"))

• 参数化引用

  • 难点1：错误次数锁定

  # 如果 password=="error123":i= 1while i<=3:#调用登录r=self.xxxlogin()#改变计数器i+=1#断言锁定#暂停60秒#测试登录成功(注意：登录时必须给正确密码)r= self.reg.api_login(keywords="13312345678",password="test123")else:#调用登录（参数数据）#断言   
  

  • 难点2：查询登录状态，不同结果。

      #如果 status=="已登录":# 调用登录#调用查询登录状态接口#断言
  

断言代码示例：（test01_register_login.py）

import unittest
import requests
from  time import sleep
from parameterized import parameterized
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
from util import read_json
class TestRegisterLogin(unittest.TestCase):#初始化def setUp(self) -> None:# 获取session对象self.session=requests.session()#获取ApiRegisterLogin实例self.reg=ApiRegisterLogin(self.session)#结束def tearDown(self) -> None:# 关闭session对象self.session.close()#1.获取图片验证码接口 测试@parameterized.expand(read_json("register_login.json", "img_code"))def test01_img_code(self,random,expect_code):try:# 调用图片验证码r= self.reg.api_img_code(random)#查看响应状态码self.assertEqual(expect_code,r.status_code)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常raise#2.获取短信验证码接口 测试@parameterized.expand(read_json("register_login.json", "phone_code"))def test02_phone_code(self,phone,imgVerifyCode,expect_text):try:#1.调用获取短信验证码接口--目的：让session对象记录cookieself.reg.api_img_code(123)#2.调用短信验证码接口r=self.reg.api_phone_code(phone=phone,imgVerifyCode=imgVerifyCode)#3.查看响应结果print(r.json())#self.assertIn("发送成功",r.json().get("description"))self.assertIn(expect_text,r.text)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常raise#3.注册接口 测试@parameterized.expand(read_json("register_login.json", "register"))def test03_register(self,phone,password,imgVerifyCode,phone_code,expect_text):try:#1.图片验证码接口self.reg.api_img_code(123)#2.短信验证码接口self.reg.api_phone_code(phone=phone, imgVerifyCode=imgVerifyCode)#3.注册接口r=self.reg.api_register(phone=phone, password=password,verifycode=imgVerifyCode,phone_code=phone_code)#4.查看结果print(r.json())self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常[e-mail](read_json("register_login.json", "login"))#4.登录接口 测试def test04_login(self,keywords,password,expect_text):try:i=1r=Noneif "error" in  password:while i<=3:r=self.reg.api_login(keywords,password)i+=1#断言锁定print("测试锁定：",r.text)self.assertIn("锁定",r.text)#暂停60秒sleep(60)#测试登录成功r= self.reg.api_login(keywords="13312345678",password="test123")# 断言登录成功self.assertIn(expect_text,r.text)else:#1.调用登录接口r = self.reg.api_login(keywords=keywords, password=password)# 2.查看结果print(r.json())self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常[e-mail](read_json("register_login.json", "login_status"))#5.查询登录状态接口 测试def test05_login_status(self,status,expect_text):try:if status=="已登录":#调用登录接口self.reg.api_login(keywords="13312345678",password="test123")#调用查询登录接口状态r = self.reg.api_login_status()#看结果print(r.json())self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)except Exception as e:#日志print(e)#抛异常raise

​

日志

• 日志的作用？

  记录程序运行的步骤和错误。
  

  日志的场景

• 1、调试bug
  2、查看程序运行轨迹
  

• 日志的基本应用

  #1、导包
  import logging
  #2、调用日志入口
  logging.error("出错啦，错误原因：{}".format(e))
  

  import logging
  #设置日志级别及保存文件名
  logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,filename="../log/p2p.log")
  #调用日志
  logging.debug("调试信息")
  logging.info("信息级别")
  logging.warning("警告")
  logging.error(("断言错误！"))
  logging.critical("严重错误")
  

• 测试人员使用的日志的入口

  info:记录运行步骤
  error:记录运行错误
  

• 日志底层组成介绍

  说明：logging库底层有4大组件（日志器、处理器、格式器、过滤器）
  1、日志器：接受日志信息，设置日志显示级别
  2、处理器：控制日志显示位置或文件
  3、格式器：控制日志输出的显示样式
  关系：
  格式器必须关联处理器
  处理器必须关联日志器
  

• 日志封装应用

重组封装的目的：解决日志显示的样式、存储方式

import logging.handlers
# 日志工具
class GetLog:@classmethoddef get_log(cls):cls.log = Noneif cls.log is None:#1.获取日志器cls.log =logging.getLogger()#设置日志级别infocls.log.setLevel(logging.INFO)file_path = DIR_PATH + os.sep + "log" + os.sep + "p2p.log"#2.获取处理器TimedRotatingFileHandler:日志保存到文件且根据时间去分隔tf =  logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(filename=file_path,when="midnight",interval=1,backupCount=3,encoding="utf-8")#3.获取格式器fmt ="%(asctime)s %(levelname)s[%(filename)s(%(funcName)s:%(lineno)d)]-%(message)s"fm = logging.Formatter(fmt)#4.将格式器添加到处理器中tf.setFormatter(fm)#5.将处理器添加到日志器中cls.log.addHandler(tf)#返回日志器return cls.logif __name__ == '__main__':GetLog.get_log().info("信息级别测试")

• 应用(init.py)

应用的级别：info、error
info:info记录程序运行的步骤
error:记录程序错误

from api import log
from config import Hostclass ApiRegisterLogin:#初始化def __init__(self,session):# 获取session对象self.session =session# 图片验证码urlself.__url_img_code=Host+"/common/public/verifycode1/{}"# 短信验证码urlself.__url_phone_code = Host + "/member/public/sendSms"# 注册urlself.__url_register= Host + "/member/public/reg"# 登录urlself.__url_login=Host + "/member/public/login"# 登录状态urlself.__url_login_status = Host + "/member/public/islogin"#1.获取图片验证码接口 封装def api_img_code(self,random):log.info("正在调用获取图片验证码接口，请求方法:{},请求url:{}".format("get",self.__url_img_code.format(random)))# 调用get方法，返回响应对象return self.session.get(url=self.__url_img_code.format(random))#2.获取短信验证码接口 封装def api_phone_code(self,phone,imgVerifyCode):#1.定义请求参数data={"phone":phone,"imgVerifyCode":imgVerifyCode,"type":"reg"}log.info("正在调用短信验证码接口，请求方法:{},请求url:{},请求参数:{}".format("post",self.__url_phone_code,data=data))# 调用请求方法return self.session.post(url=self.__url_phone_code,data=data)#3.注册接口封装def api_register(self,phone,password,verifycode,phone_code):# 1.定义请求参数data = {"phone": phone,"password":password,"verifycode": verifycode,"phone_code":phone_code,"dy_server":"on","invite_phone": ""}log.info("正在调用注册接口，请求方法:{},请求url:{},请求参数:{}".format("post",self.__url_register, data=data))# 调用请求方法return self.session.post(url=self.__url_register, data=data)#4.登录接口封装def api_login(self,keywords,password):#1.定义请求参数data={"keywords":keywords,"password":password,}log.info("正在调用登录接口，请求方法:{},请求url:{},请求参数:{}".format("post",self.__url_login,data=data))# 调用请求方法return self.session.post(url=self.__url_login,data=data)#5.查询登录状态接口 封装def api_login_status(self):log.info("正在调用查询登录状态接口，请求方法：{},请求url:{}".format("post",self.__url_login_status))return self.session.post(url=self.__url_login_status)

import unittest
import requests
import logging
from api import log
from  time import sleep
from parameterized import parameterized
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
from util import read_json
class TestRegisterLogin(unittest.TestCase):#初始化def setUp(self) -> None:# 获取session对象self.session=requests.session()log.info("正在初始化session对象：{}".format(self.session))#获取ApiRegisterLogin实例self.reg=ApiRegisterLogin(self.session)#结束def tearDown(self) -> None:# 关闭session对象self.session.close()log.info("正在关闭session对象：{}".format(self.session))#1.获取图片验证码接口 测试@parameterized.expand(read_json("register_login.json", "img_code"))def test01_img_code(self,random,expect_code):try:# 调用图片验证码r= self.reg.api_img_code(random)log.info("执行图片验证码响应状态码：{}".format(r.status_code))#查看响应状态码self.assertEqual(expect_code,r.status_code)log.info("执行图片验证码断言通过")except Exception as e:#日志log.error("断言失败，原因：{}".format(e))#抛异常raise#2.获取短信验证码接口 测试@parameterized.expand(read_json("register_login.json", "phone_code"))def test02_phone_code(self,phone,imgVerifyCode,expect_text):try:#1.调用获取短信验证码接口--目的：让session对象记录cookieself.reg.api_img_code(123)#2.调用短信验证码接口r=self.reg.api_phone_code(phone=phone,imgVerifyCode=imgVerifyCode)log.info("执行结果接口为：{}".format(r.text))#3.查看响应结果print(r.json())#self.assertIn("发送成功",r.json().get("description"))self.assertIn(expect_text,r.text)log.info("执行断言通过")except Exception as e:#日志log.error("断言失败，原因：{}".format(e))#抛异常raise#3.注册接口 测试@parameterized.expand(read_json("register_login.json", "register"))def test03_register(self,phone,password,imgVerifyCode,phone_code,expect_text):try:#1.图片验证码接口self.reg.api_img_code(123)#2.短信验证码接口self.reg.api_phone_code(phone=phone, imgVerifyCode=imgVerifyCode)#3.注册接口r=self.reg.api_register(phone=phone, password=password,verifycode=imgVerifyCode,phone_code=phone_code)log.info("执行结果接口为：{}".format(r.text))#4.查看结果print(r.json())self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)log.info("执行断言通过")except Exception as e:#日志log.error("断言失败，原因：{}".format(e))#抛异常[e-mail](read_json("register_login.json", "login"))#4.登录接口 测试def test04_login(self,keywords,password,expect_text):try:i=1r=Noneif "error" in  password:while i<=3:r=self.reg.api_login(keywords,password)i+=1#断言锁定print("测试锁定：",r.text)self.assertIn("锁定",r.text)#暂停60秒sleep(60)#测试登录成功r= self.reg.api_login(keywords="13312345678",password="test123")# 断言登录成功self.assertIn(expect_text,r.text)else:#1.调用登录接口r = self.reg.api_login(keywords=keywords, password=password)log.info("执行结果接口为：{}".format(r.text))# 2.查看结果print(r.json())self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)log.info("执行断言通过")except Exception as e:#日志log.error("断言失败，原因：{}".format(e))#抛异常[e-mail](read_json("register_login.json", "login_status"))#5.查询登录状态接口 测试def test05_login_status(self,status,expect_text):try:if status=="已登录":#调用登录接口self.reg.api_login(keywords="13312345678",password="test123")#调用查询登录接口状态r = self.reg.api_login_status()log.info("执行结果接口为：{}".format(r.text))#看结果print(r.json())self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)log.info("执行断言通过")except Exception as e:#日志log.error("断言失败，原因：{}".format(e))#抛异常raise

认证开户

封装（api_approve_trust.py）

from config import Host
class ApiApproveTrust:# 初始化def __init__(self,session):#获取session对象self.session=session# 认证urlself.__url_approve = Host+"/member/realname/approverealname"# 查询认证状态urlself.__url_approve_status = Host+"/member/member/getapprove"#开户urlself.__url_trust = Host + "/trust/trust/register"#图片验证码urlself.__url_img_code = Host + "/common/public/verifycode1/{}"#充值urlself.__url_recharge = Host + "/trust/trust/recharge"# 1.认证接口 封装def api_approve(self):pass#2.查询认证状态接口 封装def api_approve_status(self):pass#3.开户接口 封装def api_trust(self):pass#4.获取图片验证码接口 封装def api_img_code(self):pass#5.充值接口 封装def api_recharge(self):pass

• 难点：认证接口请求参数类型为：multipart/form-data多消息类型，如何实现？

解决：请求使用data+files两种参数格式，消息头会自动切换到multipart接口
示例：self.session.post(url=self.__url_approve,data=data,files={"x":"y"})

from config import Host
class ApiApproveTrust:# 初始化def __init__(self,session):#获取session对象self.session=session# 认证urlself.__url_approve = Host+"/member/realname/approverealname"# 查询认证状态urlself.__url_approve_status = Host+"/member/member/getapprove"#开户urlself.__url_trust = Host + "/trust/trust/register"#图片验证码urlself.__url_img_code = Host + "/common/public/verifycode1/{}"#充值urlself.__url_recharge = Host + "/trust/trust/recharge"# 1.认证接口 封装def api_approve(self):#1.请求参数data={"realname":"华仔","card_id":"110101200007289809"}#2.调用请求方法 难题：multipart/form-data使用：data+files来实现多消息体类型return self.session.post(url=self.__url_approve,data=data,files={"x":"y"})#2.查询认证状态接口 封装def api_approve_status(self):return self.session.post(url=self.__url_approve_status)#3.开户接口 封装def api_trust(self):return self.session.post(url=self.__url_trust)#4.获取图片验证码接口 封装def api_img_code(self,random):return self.session.get(url=self.__url_img_code.format(random))#5.充值接口 封装def api_recharge(self,valicode):# 1.请求参数data = {"paymentType": "chinapnrTrust","amount": "10000","formStr":"reForm","valicode":valicode}# 2.调用请求方法return self.session.post(url=self.__url_recharge, data=data)

调用（test02_approve_trust.py）

• 结构

import unittest
import requests
from api.api_approve_trust import ApiApproveTrust
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
class TestApproveTrust(unittest.TestCase):#初始化def setUp(self) -> None:#1. 获取sessionself.session=requests.session()#2.获取ApiApproveTrust对象self.ApiApproveTrust=ApiApproveTrust(self.session)#3.调用登录成功ApiRegisterLogin(self.session).api_login()# 结束def tearDown(self) -> None:self.session.close()#1、认证接口 测试def test01_approve(self):pass#2、查询认证状态接口 测试def test_02_status(self):pass#3、开户接口 测试def test03_trust(self):pass#4、获取图片验证码 测试def test04_img_code(self):pass#5、充值接口 测试def test05_recharge(self):pass

• 实现

import unittest
import requests
from api import log
from api.api_approve_trust import ApiApproveTrust
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
class TestApproveTrust(unittest.TestCase):#初始化def setUp(self) -> None:#1. 获取sessionself.session=requests.session()#2.获取ApiApproveTrust对象self.approve=ApiApproveTrust(self.session)#3.调用登录成功ApiRegisterLogin(self.session).api_login()# 结束def tearDown(self) -> None:self.session.close()#1、认证接口 测试def test01_approve(self):#调用认证接口try:r=self.approve.api_approve()log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.text))#断言self.assertIn("提交成功",r.text)log.info("断言通过")except Exception as e:# 日志log.error("断言错误！原因：{}".format(e))# 抛异常raise#2、查询认证状态接口 测试def test_02_status(self):# 调用查询认证状态接口try:r = self.approve.api_approve_status()log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.text))# 断言self.assertIn("华", r.text)log.info("断言通过")except Exception as e:# 日志log.error("断言错误！原因：{}".format(e))# 抛异常raise#3、开户接口 测试def test03_trust(self):# 调用开户接口try:r = self.approve.api_trust()log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.json()))# 断言self.assertIn("form", r.text)print("请求后台开户结果为：", r.json())log.info("断言通过!")#三方开户except Exception as e:# 日志log.error("断言错误！原因：{}".format(e))# 抛异常raise#4、获取图片验证码 测试def test04_img_code(self,random=123):# 调用获取图片验证码接口try:r = self.approve.api_img_code(random)log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.status_code))# 断言self.assertEqual(200, r.status_code)log.info("断言通过")except Exception as e:# 日志log.error("断言错误！原因：{}".format(e))# 抛异常raise#5、充值接口 测试def test05_recharge(self,valicode=8888):# 调用充值接口try:#调用图片验证码 获取cookieself.approve.api_img_code(123)r = self.approve.api_recharge(valicode)log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.json()))print("请求后台充值结果为:{}".format(r.json()))# 断言self.assertIn("form", r.text)log.info("断言通过")# 三方充值except Exception as e:# 日志log.error("断言错误！原因：{}".format(e))# 抛异常raise

问题：

三方开户、三方充值如何操作？--从响应数据中提取input标签name属性值和value属性，在python中如何提取？

BeautifSoup库

• 一个python解析html/xml的三方库

• 安装pip install beautifulsoup4

• 应用步骤：

  1、导包
  2、实例化
  3、调用方法
  

• 示例：

#1、导包
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
html="""<html><head><title>某马程序员</title></head><body><p id ="test01">软件测试</p><p id ="test02">2024年</p><a href="/api.html">接口测试</a><a href="/web.html">Web自动化测试</a><a href="/app.html">App自动化测试</a></body></html>
"""
#2、获取bs对象 告诉BeautifulSoup类 你要解析的是html格式
bs=BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")
#3、调用方法
"""重点：
1、查找所有标签  bs.find_all("标签名")==元素的集合==("元素1","元素2")
2、查找属性 元素.get("属性名")
"""
for a in bs.find_all('a'):print(a.get("href"))#4、扩展其他方法
#获取单个元素
print(bs.a)
#获取文本
print(bs.a.string)
#获取属性
print(bs.a.get("href"))
#获取标签名
print(bs.a.name)

• 重点

1、查找所有标签  bs.find_all("标签名")==元素的集合==("元素1","元素2")
2、查找属性 元素.get("属性名")

• 其他方法

#4、扩展其他方法
#获取单个元素
print(bs.a)
#获取文本
print(bs.a.string)
#获取属性
print(bs.a.get("href"))
#获取标签名
print(bs.a.name)

提取html数据根据封装

• 思路

# 提取html
# 获取BeautifulSoup对象
# 提取url
# 遍历查找所有的input标签
# 提取name和value的值，并组装到新的字典中
# 返回url和字段

• 示例

# 提取html数据
def parser_html(result):#1、提取htmlhtml =result.json().get("description").get("form")#2、获取bs对象bs=BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")#3、提取urlurl= bs.form.get("action")print("提取的url:",url)#4、查找所有的input标签data={}for input in bs.find_all("input"):data[input.get("name")]=input.get("value")return url,data

    #3、开户接口 测试def test03_trust(self):# 调用开户接口try:r = self.approve.api_trust()log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.json()))# 断言self.assertIn("form", r.text)print("请求后台开户结果为：", r.json())log.info("断言通过!")#三方开户result = parser_html(r)#期望 http://xxx,{"version":10}r=self.session.post(url=result[0],data=result[1])print("三方开户的结果为：",r.text)self.assertIn("OK",r.text)log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.text))except Exception as e:# 日志log.error("断言错误！原因：{}".format(e))# 抛异常raise

认证开户参数化

• 参数化文件（approve_trust.json）

{"img_code": [ {"desc": "获取图片验证码成功（随机小数）","random": 0.123,"expect_code": 200},{"desc": "获取图片验证码成功（随机整数）","random": 1,"expect_code": 200},{"desc": "获取图片验证码成功（随机为空）","random": " ","expect_code": 404},{"desc": "获取图片验证码成功（随机数为字符串）","random": "a123","expect_code": 400}],"recharge": [{"desc":"后台充值响应成功","valicode": 8888,"expect": "OK"},{"desc":"后台充值响应失败","valicode": 8889,"expect": "验证码错误"}]
}

• 实现难点：

1、充值需要判断验证码不同，执行步骤和结果不同
思路：
1、调用图片验证码-->记录cookie
2、调用充值接口（验证码）
3、判断验证码为8888# 1、提取响应数据# 2、三方充值# 3、断言 
4、否则# 直接断言 验证码错误

 #4、获取图片验证码 测试@parameterized.expand(read_json("approve_trust.json", "img_code"))def test04_img_code(self,random,expect_text):# 调用获取图片验证码接口try:r = self.approve.api_img_code(random)log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.status_code))# 断言self.assertEqual(expect_text, r.status_code)log.info("断言通过")except Exception as e:# 日志log.error("断言错误！原因：{}".format(e))# 抛异常[e-mail](read_json("approve_trust.json", "recharge"))#5、充值接口 测试def test05_recharge(self,valicode,expect_text):# 调用充值接口try:#调用图片验证码 获取cookieself.approve.api_img_code(123)r = self.approve.api_recharge(valicode)log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.json()))if valicode==8888:# 断言self.assertIn("form", r.text)log.info("断言通过")# 三方充值result = parser_html(r)# 期望 http://xxx,{"version":10}r = self.session.post(url=result[0], data=result[1])print("三方充值的结果为：", r.text)self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.text))else:self.assertIn(expect_text,r.text)print("验证码错误响应结果为：",r.text)except Exception as e:# 日志log.error("断言错误！原因：{}".format(e))# 抛异常raise

投资模块

封装(api_tender.py)

from config import Host
class ApiTender:#初始化def __init__(self,session):#sessionself.session=session#urlself.__url_tender = Host + "/trust/trust/tender"#1、投资方法def api_tender(self,amount):#1、参数data={"id":8071,"depositCertificate":-1,"amount":amount}#2、调用请求方法return self.session.post(url=self.__url_tender,data=data)

调用（test03_tender.py）

import unittest
import requests
from util import parser_html
from api import log
from api.api_tender import ApiTender
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
class TestTender(unittest.TestCase):#初始化def setUp(self) -> None:#获取session对象self.session=requests.session()#获取ApiTender对象self.tender=ApiTender(self.session)#调用登录ApiRegisterLogin(self.session).api_login()#结束def tearDown(self) -> None:self.session.close()#测试方法def test01_tender(self,amount=100,expect_text="OK"):try:#调用投资方法r=self.tender.api_tender(amount)#调用三方投资result = parser_html(r)# 期望 http://xxx,{"version":10}r = self.session.post(url=result[0], data=result[1])print("三方投资的结果为：", r.text)self.assertIn("OK", r.text)log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.text))#断言self.assertIn(expect_text,r.text)except Exception as e:# 日志log.error(e)# 抛异常raise

参数化

• 文件(tender.json)

{"tender": [{"desc": "请求后台投资响应成功","amount": 100,"expect_text": "OK"},{"desc": "请求后台投资响应失败(金额为空)","amount": " ","expect_text": "不是正确的金额"}]
}

• 调用(test03_tender.py)

import unittest
import requests
from util import parser_html
from api import log
from api.api_tender import ApiTender
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
from util import read_json
from parameterized import parameterized
class TestTender(unittest.TestCase):#初始化def setUp(self) -> None:#获取session对象self.session=requests.session()#获取ApiTender对象self.tender=ApiTender(self.session)#调用登录ApiRegisterLogin(self.session).api_login()#结束def tearDown(self) -> None:self.session.close()#测试方法@parameterized.expand(read_json("tender.json", "tender"))def test01_tender(self,amount,expect_text):try:#调用投资方法r=self.tender.api_tender(amount)if amount==100:#调用三方投资result = parser_html(r)# 期望 http://xxx,{"version":10}r = self.session.post(url=result[0], data=result[1])print("三方投资的结果为：", r.text)self.assertIn("OK", r.text)log.info("接口执行结果为：{}".format(r.text))#断言self.assertIn(expect_text,r.text)else:self.assertIn(expect_text, r.text)except Exception as e:# 日志log.error(e)# 抛异常raise

投资业务

import unittest,requests
from util import parser_html
from api import log
from api.api_tender import ApiTender
from api.api_register_login import ApiRegisterLogin
from api.api_approve_trust import ApiApproveTrustclass TestTenderList(unittest.TestCase):def setUp(self) -> None:#获取session对象self.session = requests.session()#获取ApiRegisterLogin对象self.reg = ApiRegisterLogin(self.session)#获取ApiApproveTrust对象self.approve = ApiApproveTrust(self.session)#获取ApiTender对象self.tender = ApiTender(self.session)def tearDown(self) -> None:#关闭sessionself.session.close()def test01_tender_list(self):phone="18822228888"img_code=8888pwd="test123"phone_code=666666card_id="120101200007288410"#1、获取图片验证码self.reg.api_img_code(123123)#2、获取短信验证码self.reg.api_phone_code(phone,img_code)#3、注册self.reg.api_register(phone,pwd,img_code,phone_code)#4、登录self.reg.api_login(phone,pwd)#5、认证self.approve.api_approve(card_id)#6、后台开户r = self.approve.api_trust()#7、三方开户result = parser_html(r)r = self.session.post(url=result[0], data=result[1])print("三方开户的结果为：", r.text)self.assertIn("OK", r.text)log.info("接口执行结果为:{}".format(r.text))#8、获取充值验证码self.approve.api_img_code(123123)#9、后台充值r= self.approve.api_recharge(img_code)#10、三方充值result = parser_html(r)r = self.session.post(url=result[0], data=result[1])print("三方充值的结果为：", r.text)self.assertIn("OK", r.text)log.info("接口执行结果为:{}".format(r.text))#11、后台投资r=self.tender.api_tender(100)#12、三方投资result = parser_html(r)r = self.session.post(url=result[0], data=result[1])print("三方投资的结果为：", r.text)self.assertIn("OK", r.text)log.info("接口执行结果为:{}".format(r.text))

连接数据库工具封装

• util.py

#连接数据库工具
def conn_pymsql(sql):conn= Nonecursor=Nonetry:#1、获取连接对象conn=pymysql.connect(host="121.43.169.97",user="root",password="123456",database="czbk_member",port=3306,charset="utf8",autocommit=True)#2、获取游标对象cursor=conn.cursor()#3、执行sql语句cursor.execute(sql)#判断sql语句是否为查询if sql.split()[0].lower()=="select":#返回所有结果return cursor.fetchall()#否则else:#返回受影响的行数return "受影响的行数为：{}".format(cursor.rowcount)except Exception as e:GetLog.get_log().error(e)raisefinally:#4、关闭游标cursor.close()#5、关闭连接conn.close()

清除测试数据应用

• util.py

def clear_data():sql1="""delete i.* from mb_member_info i INNER JOIN mb_member m on
i.member_id=m.id where m.phone in
("16612345671","16612345672","16612345673","16612345674");
"""conn_pymsql(sql1)sql2 = """delete l.* from mb_member_login_log l INNER JOIN mb_member m on
l.member_id=m.id where m.phone in
("16612345671","16612345672","16612345673","16612345674");"""conn_pymsql(sql2)sql3= """delete from mb_member_register_log where phone in
("16612345671","16612345672","16612345673","16612345674");"""conn_pymsql(sql3)sql4 = """delete from mb_member where phone in
("16612345671","16612345672","16612345673","16612345674");"""conn_pymsql(sql4)

• 调用（test01_register_login.py）

    @classmethoddef setUpClass(cls) -> None:#清除数据clear_data()#提示：必须在test01_xxx.py中类方法调用

运行

• 测试报告

• run_suite.py

"""
报告：htmltestreport
"""
#1、导包
from htmltestreport import HTMLTestReport
import unittest
import os
from config import DIR_PATH
#组合测试套件
suite=unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover("./script")
#指定测试报告存储目录
report_path=DIR_PATH+os.sep+"report"+os.sep+"p2p.html"
#执行测试套件
HTMLTestReport(report_path,title="p2p接口自动化测试报告").run(suite)